甘肃省及邻区Ms4.0以上地震前的电磁波异常特征

本文根据分布在甘肃省河西地区１４个电磁波台站近６年来的观测资料，分析了近几个来发生在甘肃省及邻近地区的１１个Ｍｓ４．０以上地震的电磁波异常特征。结构表明，震前电磁波异常信号主要有低频脉冲和阵发性脉冲两类；异常信号出现的时间强度与地震的大小及距离远近有关，震级大、距离远的地震信号出现的时间早、幅度大；震源浅的地震异常信号强，累计持续时间长，其信号呈脉冲形式，震源深信号相对较弱，并显示低频脉动特征；震     

前馈神经网络在矿物识别方面的应用

本文首先介绍人工神经网络的发展现状，然后着重阐述BP人工网络的基本原理和算法，并以蓝宝石的产地识别和石榴子石分类识别作为具体实例，用此说明人工神经网络方法在矿物学中的应用，最后对识别结果及BP算法本身进行了讨论。     

大气层结的非均匀性对重力内波波射线的影响

文中利用ＷＫＢ近似，讨论了非均匀层结对惯性重力内波和纯重力内波能量传播路径的影响，得到了波的能量密度，广义波作用密度，和广义拟能密度守恒的条件，导得了重力内波不稳定的必要条件，给出了在波的传播过程中控制波射线折射的方程，得到了两类不同的临界层，最后还利用四阶Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ方法计算了不同层结分布下的波射线。     

长江流域两个典型旱、涝年大气30—60天低频波差异的初步分析

通过对1980年和1985年大气30—60天低频流场的分析，发现长江流域典型旱涝年在低频流场的配置和低频波的传播方向上均有明显差异。涝年（1980）低频振荡明显，其传播特征与正常年份相同，而旱年（1985）则呈相反趋势。     

有能量吸收的一维波动方程的阻抗反演

本文讨论了一维粘弹性波阻抗反演的迭代法。根据一维波动方程和ＫｅｌｖｉｎＶｏｉｇｔ粘弹模型导出了一个适于数值计算的第二类Ｖｏｌｔｅｒｒａ型积分方程，用迭代法求解。通过对已有方法的改进和完善，数值计算表明了该反演方法具有一定的精度、抗干扰能力和分辨率以及应用于实际水平层状地层反射地震记录反演阻抗的可能性．     

Application of numerical wave-propagation techniques to study local soil effects: The case of Benevento (Italy)

Many of the numerical techniques used for seismic zonation studies treat one-dimensional structural models and/or the incidence of plane polarized body waves. These techniques are often not adequate for laterally heterogeneous structures and for sources that are not located beneath the site of interest. In such cases a more rigorous treatment of the combined effects of the source, the path and the site response is needed. This can be accomplished with a hybrid approach combining modal summation and the finite-difference technique. To demonstrate the differences between these techniques, the ground motion in the city of Benevento (Italy) is modelled. We first compare the results obtained with one-and two-dimensional structural models for vertical incidence of plane polarized body waves. These results are then compared with those obtained with the hybrid approach for two-dimensional structural models.The comparisons have allowed us to find important differences in the response obtained with the different modelling techniques. For the same site, these differences consist of strong variations in amplitude and in the shape of the spectral amplifications. For a seismic source which is not located beneath the site, vertical incidence of waves significantly overestimates the local hazard in a laterally homogeneous structure. For a laterally heterogeneous area, we can conclude that one-dimensional modelling fails to estimate the seismic hazard, whereas for a seismic source which is not located beneath the site of interest, two-dimensional modelling with vertical incidence of plane polarized body waves may not allow reliable estimates to be made of the frequency bands at which amplifications occur. The results obtained for two-dimensional structural models are used for a zonation of the city of Benevento.     

The role of the chemical environment in frictional deformation: Stress corrosion cracking and comminution

The roles of chemically assisted crack and fracture propagation and chemically assisted comminution in frictional deformation are evaluated in this study. Double cantilever beam (DCB) crack propagation data are presented which show that the role of pH in chemically assisted fracture, and to a lesser extent the role of ionic concentration are important in stress corrosion cracking. Data on very slow crack growth and the stress corrosion limit are also presented. These data suggest that stress corrosion cracking may play an important role in compound earthquakes and in asperity breakdown in faults. The comminution literature is also reviewed in order to assess the role of chemically assisted comminution in frictional deformation. It appears that chemically assisted comminution may be important at low and high ionic strength because it may reduce the effective viscosity and the shear strength of fault gouge. At intermediate ionic concentration the role of pH, as an agent which enhances crack and fracture propagation, appears to be more important in reducing the coefficient of sliding friction.