Deep-circulation flow at mid-latitude in the western North Pacific

Direct current measurements with five moorings at 27–35°N, 165°E from 1991 to 1993 and with one mooring at 27°N, 167°E from 1989 to 1991 revealed temporal variations of deep flow at mid-latitude in the western North Pacific. The deep-circulation flow carrying the Lower Circumpolar Deep Water from the Southern Ocean passed 33°N, 165°E northwestward with a high mean velocity of 7.8 cm s⁻¹ near the bottom and was stable enough to continue for 4–6 months between interruptions of 1- or 2-months duration. The deep-circulation flow expanded or shifted intermittently to the mooring at 31°N, 165°E but did not reach 35°N, 165°E although it shifted northward. The deep-circulation flow was not detected at the other four moorings, whereas meso-scale eddy variations were prominent at all the moorings, particularly at 35°N and 29°N, 165°E. The characteristics of current velocity and dissolved oxygen distributions led us to conclude that the deep-circulation flow takes a cyclonic pathway after passing through Wake Island Passage, passing 24°N, 169.5–173°E and 30°N, 168–169°E northward, proceeds northwestward around 33°N, 165°E, and goes westward through the south of the Shatsky Rise. We did not find that the deep-circulation flow proceeded westward along the northern side of the Mid-Pacific Seamounts and eastward between the Hess Rise and the Hawaiian Ridge toward the Northeast Pacific Basin.     

Analysis of seawater and different highly saline natural waters by capillary zone electrophoresis

Innovative applications of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) to the determination of inorganic ions in environmental aquatic samples of high salinity and, particularly, in seawater are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on advanced approaches utilized for securing separation performance from being degraded by the presence of matrix salts and for simultaneous separation of ions different in natural abundance. Also covered are methodologies of present or possible use to evolve the method's practical utility to trace-level ions. Surveyed procedures are tabulated for the purpose of facilitating the method selection or further development. In addition, brief background information on basic methodological principles of CZE in inorganic ion analysis is given for a better orientation of those intending or just beginning to put CZE to work. Finally, possible future research trends and developments of CZE in the area are briefly discussed.     

Formation, Distribution and Volume Transport of the North Pacific Intermediate Water Studied by Repeat Hydrographic Observations

In order to examine the formation, distribution and transport of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW), repeated hydrographic observations along several lines in the western North Pacific were carried out in the period from 1996 to 2001. NPIW formation can be described as follows: (1) Oyashio water extends south of the Subarctic Boundary and meets Kuroshio water in intermediate layers; (2) active mixing between Oyashio and Kuroshio waters occurs in intermediate layers; (3) the mixing of Oyashio and Kuroshio waters and salinity minimum formation around the potential density of 26.8σ_θ proceed to the east. It is found that Kuroshio water flows eastward even in the region north of 40°N across the 165°E line, showing that Kuroshio water extends north of the Subarctic Boundary. Volume transports of Oyashio and Kuroshio components (relative to 2000 dbar) integrated in the potential density range of 26.6–27.4σθ along the Kuroshio Extension across 152°E–165°E are estimated to be 7–8 Sv (10⁶ m³s⁻¹) and 9–10 Sv, respectively, which is consistent with recent work. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Assessments of anthropogenic CO2 distribution in the tropical Atlantic Ocean

With a limited number of properties (salinity, temperature, total dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, and oxygen) from a recent cruise in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, we use the simple and recent approach TrOCA (Tracer combining Oxygen, inorganic Carbon, and total Alkalinity) to estimate the distribution of anthropogenic CO₂ along three latitudinal sections. In order to assess the quality of the anthropogenic CO₂ distribution, results from the method are compared to the CFC-11 measurements. We discuss the large-scale distribution of the main water masses of the tropical Atlantic Ocean in the light of the anthropogenic CO₂ and the CFC-11 distributions. Keeping in mind that the anthropogenic CO₂ emission began 60 years earlier than that of CFC-11, the former provides new insight on the local circulation and efficiency of the tropical waters to store the atmospheric carbon.     

水生植物凤眼莲(Eichhornia crassipes Somls)对含银废水的净化与资源化生态工程的实施方案及其发展前景

本文通过凤眼莲等水生植物对含银废水的净化与资源化的生产性应用试验,提出了工程实施的基本工艺,阐述了该工艺方案的特点和运行控制要求,分析了这一废水净化与资源化生态工程的环境效益和经济效益。这对我国感光材料工业和其它有关行业净化低浓度含银废水,并从中回收白银具有重要的意义。     

太湖水温模型和气象参数对水温的影响

建立了一个太湖水温数值模型,模拟太湖平均水温的日变化过程。应用本模式和由太湖气象水文数据自动采集系统测得的资料(1990年9月26—27日)分析了气温、湿度和风速对水温的影响。由计算和数值试验结果看出,本模式较好地模拟出了选定的两天中水温变化过程;随着空气温度的增加,水温线性增加;在空气相对湿度较大或风速较小时,它们的变化对水温有较大的影响。     

连云港近岸海域物理自净能力研究及水质预测——Ⅰ.西大堤工程对潮流场的影响

采用有限差分解法,建立了连云港近岸海域二维固定边界和变边界潮流数值模型。分别对现状流场和西大堤建成后的流场进行计算和预测。得出了潮波图,潮流椭圆图,最大流速分布和不同时刻的流场图,计算结果与实测值吻合良好。     

扇贝糖胺聚糖提取和纯化方法研究──Ⅱ．纯化方法研究

研究一种糖胺聚精分离纯化方法。对用蛋白酶水解法从海湾扇贝中提取的扇贝糖胺聚精粗制品，采用吸附法、透析法、乙醇沉淀法和ＣＴＡＢ（十六烷基三甲溴化铵，Ｃｅｔｙｌｔｒｉｍｅｔｈｙｌａｍｍｏｎｉｕｍｂｒｏｍｉｄｅ）沉淀法分高纯化。结果表明，最终所得主要级分的琼脂糖凝胶电泳和高效液相色谱显示单一区带，指出这一纯化过程是简便、实用、有效的纯化方法。     

黄河源地区水文水资源及生态环境变化研究

本文通过实地查勘调查、依据多年积累的原型观测资料，在分析可源地区基本情况、水文气候特征的基础上，揭示了近年来黄河源地区水文水资源及生态环境变化的特点；解答了这种变化所产生的结果和影响；得出了在河源地区封山育林植草，涵养水源，防止水土流失的初步对策；提出了河源地区水资源开发利用纳入全河统一调度、开发、利用规划的建议；以期找出对付生态环境恶化的根本途径。     

筼筜湖纳潮排污对厦门西港水质的影响

本文据1988年8～11月共6个航次采用多船同步、浮子跟踪和化学监测相结合的方法所获得的资料,研完了筼筜湖纳潮排污污水对厦门西港水质影响的范围和污染程度。