银根-额济纳旗盆地天草凹陷构造-沉积体系演化及油气成藏条件分析

天草凹陷位于银根—额济纳旗盆地白垩纪断陷盆地群的西北部,经历了早白垩世断陷发生、发展阶段,晚白垩世坳陷阶段,第三纪到第四纪挤压抬升等主要的构造演化发展阶段。其中,第一阶段是形成盆地沉积建造的主要时期,沉积了2000～3000m的早白垩世沉积,其间经历了两次大的湖侵、湖退过程,对应沉积了两套浅湖-半深湖相烃源岩和扇三角洲相砂体。天草凹陷油源、储层、保存、圈闭配套匹配以及油气运聚等油气成藏条件好,用类比法和盆地模拟法计算的凹陷总资源量的期望值为0.89亿吨。下白垩统巴音戈壁组上部是主要的含油层系,位于凹陷东西两侧的巴勒断阶带、哈尔构造带是天草凹陷油气勘探的重要领域。     

Formation Mechanism and Controlling Factors of Natural Gas Reservoirs of the Jialingjiang Formation in the East Sichuan Basin

The Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation reservoirs are distributed widely in the East Sichuan Basin, which are composed mainly of fractured reservoirs. However, natural gas with high concentration of H2S, ranging from 4% to 7%, was discovered in the Wolonghe Gas pool consisting primarily of porous reservoirs, while the other over 20 fractured gas reservoirs have comparatively low, tiny and even no H2S within natural gases. Researches have proved the H2S of the above reservoirs are all from the TSR origin. Most of the Jialingjiang Formation natural gases are mainly generated from Lower Permian carbonate rocks, the Wolonghe gas pool＇s natural gases are from the Upper Permian Longtan Formation, and the natural gases of the Huangcaoxia and Fuchengzhai gas pools are all from Lower Silurian mudstone. The formation of H2S is controlled by the characteristics and temperature of reservoirs, and is not necessarily related with gas sources. The Jialingjiang Formation in East Sichuan is buried deeply and its reservoir temperature has ever attained the condition of the TSR reaction. Due to poor reservoir potential, most of the gas pools do not have enough room for hydrocarbon reaction except for the Wolonghe gas pool, and thus natural gases with high H2S concentration are difficult to be generated abundantly. The south part of East Sichuan did not generate natural gases with high H2S concentration because the reservoir was buried relatively shallow, and did not suffer high temperature. Hence, while predicting the distribution of H2S, the characteristics and temperature of reservoirs are the necessary factors to be considerd besides the existence of anhydrite.     

江南-雪峰山推覆体前缘沥青古油藏及油源对比

在江南-雪峰山推覆体前缘,下古生界中分布着一系列沥青古油藏。经野外实地观察调查,发现其主要赋存特征有：裂隙型炭沥青、溶洞-孔隙型沥青、裂隙-背斜型沥青、背斜-岩性复合型炭沥青。经过对所采集样品进行地球化学特征综合分析,认为本地区的有机质成熟度较高,并经受多期改造演化。油源对比结果显示,其主要来源于下寒武统的烃源,其次为下志留统的烃源。这一地区的沥青古油藏是一种多源多期成因,并经历了后期强烈改造。     

塔里木盆地库车坳陷依南2气藏成藏期次研究

依南2构造位于新疆维吾尔族自治区塔里木盆地库车坳陷克-依构造带东段的依奇克里克背斜南部。通过天然气甲烷碳同位素、储集层有机包裹体均一温度、K-Ar同位素等方面的研究及其与天然气藏成藏过程关系的研究，确定了依南2侏罗系气藏的形成期次和过程，建立了气藏的成藏模式。依南2气藏的形成是一个连续过程，天然气藏的形成经历了早期有机包裹体形成和后期气藏形成两个阶段。天然气注入开始于吉迪克末期-康村期，该阶段是包裹体形成的主要时期。康村中期以后可能是气藏形成的主要时期。气源岩天然气进入储集层的排烃方式是直接排气，进入储集层形成气藏。天然气运移距离短，散失少；并有良好的煤系泥岩作为盖层，保存条件好；因而形成了依南2侏罗系气藏，原生气藏的主要控制因素是储集层的物性。     

Evolution Mechanism of a Severe Squall Line Triggered by the Coupling of a Sea Breeze Front and a Gust Front

In the present study, a severe squall line (SL) was analyzed by using intensive observational surface data and radar monitoring products. In this process, mesoscale convergence lines, such as the sea breeze front (SBF), gust front and dry line, served as the main triggering and strengthening factors. The transition from convection triggering to the formation of the initial shape was mainly affected by the convergence line of the SBF, which combined with thermal convection to form the main parts of the SL. In the later stage, the convergence line of the gust front merged with other convergence lines to form a series of strong convective cells. The SBF had good indicative significance in terms of severe convective weather warnings. The suitable conditions of heat, water vapor and vertical wind shear on the Shandong Peninsula were beneficial to the maintenance of the SL. Before SL occurrence, tropopause folding strengthened, which consequently enhanced the baroclinic property in the middle and upper troposphere. The high sensible heat flux at the surface easily produced a positive potential vorticity anomaly in the low layer, resulting in convective instability, which was conducive to the maintenance of these processes. In the system, when precipitation particles passed through the unsaturated air layer, they underwent strong evaporation, melting or sublimation, and the cooling effect formed negative buoyancy, which accelerated the sinking of the air and promoted the sustained development of the surface gale. Together with the development of low- level mesocyclones, the air pressure decreased rapidly, which was conducive to gale initiation.     

一次极端降水的中尺度雨团分析

利用常规观测资料、ECMWF ERA-Interim 0.125°×0.125°分析资料、FY-2G 卫星云图和多普勒天气雷达资料等,对2017年8 月18-19 日漯河极端降水的中尺度特征及降水成因进行分析.结果表明:(1)本次过程在200 hPa 高空分流区、500 hPa 高空槽以及副热带高压、低层急流切变、地面...     

基于因子分析的广东省短时强降水预报模型及其业务试验

利用每天4次0.125°×0.125°的ECMWF-Interim再分析资料和广东省2009—2018年地面气象站逐时雨量观测的短时强降水数据集,针对广东不同季节、不同地域的短时强降水,以提高命中率同时控制虚警率为目的,提出基于显著性和敏感性评价的物理量优选和因子分析法,用于构建分期、分区的广东短时强降水概率预报模型....     

黔南坳陷海相优质烃源岩的生烃潜力及时空分布

黔南坳陷典型古油气藏的精细解剖对南方海相油气勘探有借鉴意义.本文利用沉积、有机岩石学和地球化学等综合手段,建立了黔南坳陷麻江古油藏、凯里残余油气藏地区和雪峰隆起西缘的二叠系-震旦系地球化学综合剖面,重点探讨了该地区优质烃源岩的生烃潜力和时空分布.黔东南地区,纵向自震旦系至二叠系均有烃源岩发育,其中早寒武世初期和二叠纪发育有两套优质烃源岩,以下寒武统盆地相、斜坡相的黑色页岩发育最好,有机质丰度高(TOC普遍大于2%),类型好(偏腐殖型),厚度大,是气候变暖、海平面上升和生物大爆发等全球性重大地质事件的耦合作用下,由热液活动、上升洋流等共同引起的高古生产力和缺氧环境控制的产物,是本地区大中型油气田形成的主要物质基础.二叠纪盆地相和泻湖相中发育的优质烃源岩对黔中隆起及其周缘地区油气成藏也具有重要作用.     

2016年北京地区一次雷暴大风的观测研究

利用常规气象观测资料、风廓线资料、北京观象台多普勒天气雷达产品、多普勒雷达变分同化分析系统（VDRAS）的反演资料和地面自动气象站客观分析资料,对2016年7月27日北京地区出现的一次雷暴大风天气的环境条件特征、风暴结构特征及演变机制进行了分析。结果显示：本次雷暴大风天气过程出现在弱天气尺度强迫环境中,较好的热力不稳定增强机制促使线状对流发展为弓形回波,形成雷暴大风天气。探空曲线中低层接近于干绝热的环境温度直减率和下沉对流有效位能突增等现象,对预报大风天气有较好的指示意义。上游雷暴的冷池出流与山前偏南暖湿气流在北京西部形成了明显的风向辐合,在强烈的扰动温度梯度和地形抬升的共同作用下,位于地面辐合抬升最强处触发新生单体并迅速发展。新生单体与风暴主体合并下山过程中,由于地形作用抬升了冷池出流高度,与平原地区偏南暖湿气流形成显著的不稳定层结,产生显著的扰动温度梯度,触发不稳定能量使雷暴在下山过程中强度增强。多普勒雷达产品上也表现为强的反射率因子核,并出现回波悬垂和有界弱回波区等特征,速度产品上可看到一对明显的端点涡旋。在冷池不断加强和端点涡旋对后入气流不断加速的共同作用下,后侧入流气流加强成为后侧入流急流,在低仰角速度产品上表现为显著的大风区。后侧入流气流将环境中的干冷空气夹卷进入云体,通过蒸发作用产生负浮力,使冷空气加速下沉,加之降水粒子的拖曳作用,最终造成剧烈的地面大风。     

建国50年以来南通市冬季气温变化特征分析

统计分析表明南通市建国以来冬季气温有升高趋势，并且在八十代中期发生明显跃变，在对冬季气候进行冷冬、暖冬及正常冬季分型的基础上，对它们各自的气候特征进行了分析。