EH-4电导率成像系统的特点及其在金属矿勘探中的应用

EH-4电导率成像系统是一种混场源频率域电磁观测系统,具有轻便、高效、勘探深度大、分辨率高的特点。通过在块状硫化物铜矿、斑岩铜矿已知矿区的试验研究,证实EH-4系统在这两种矿床类型的隐伏-半隐伏金属矿勘探中有较好的找矿效果。     

导电、导磁聚苯胺纳米复合物的合成与表征

在纳米Fe₃O₄晶体粒子存在的情况下, 用十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)作乳化剂及分散剂, 通过HCl调节体系的酸度, 合成了导电、导磁的Fe₃O₄-聚苯胺(Fe₃O₄-PANI)纳米复合物, 用X-衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅立叶红外(FT-IR)等对该复合物进行了表征, 结果显示: SDBS与HCl发生竞争掺杂行为, 复合物的组成为Fe₃O₄-PANI-DBSA, Fe₃O₄平均粒径约13 nm, 且均匀分布在聚苯胺基体中, 该复合物具有较好的导电性及导磁性, 随着纳米Fe₃O₄含量由7.79%增加到35.34%, 复合物的电导率由1.71 S/m下降至0.41 S/m, 复合物的比饱和磁化强度σ_s则由6.14 A·m2/kg增加到18.11 A· m2/kg, 其矫顽力在0.52~0.73 A/m之间.      

模糊区域拓扑关系模型

拓扑关系是地理信息系统中空间要素之间最基本也是最重要的关系之一，是进行绝大多数空间查询和分析的基础。非模糊空间要素之间的拓扑关系在一般拓扑学等理论的基础上已有相关的模型和描述，并在实践中得到广泛的应用，如何建立模糊空间要素这间的拓扑关系是建立模糊要素地理信息系统的基础。该文在模糊扑扑学的基础上提出了模糊区域的定义，建立了用于分析模糊区域之间拓扑关系的理论和模型，提出了4*4-intersection模型拓扑关系矩阵，并分析了不同拓扑关系矩阵对于非模糊区域之间、模糊区域之间建立拓扑关系的区别和联系，最后采和不同公式对模糊区域之间的关系进行了系统的描述。     

Heat capacity of γ-Fe2SiO4 between 5 and 303 K and derived thermodynamic properties

A multi-anvil device was used to synthesize 24 mg of pure γ-Fe₂SiO₄ crystals at 8.5 GPa and 1,273 K. The low-temperature heat capacity (C _p) of γ-Fe₂SiO₄ was measured between 5 and 303 K using the heat capacity option of a physical properties measurement system. The measured heat capacity data show a broad λ-transition at 11.8 K. The difference in the C _p between fayalite and γ-Fe₂SiO₄ is reduced as the temperature increases in the range of 50–300 K. The gap in C _p data between 300 and 350 K of γ-Fe₂SiO₄ is an impediment to calculation of a precise C _p equation above 298 K that can be used for phase equilibrium calculations at high temperatures and high pressures. The C _p and entropy of γ-Fe₂SiO₄ at standard temperature and pressure (S°₂₉₈) are 131.1 ± 0.6 and 140.2 ± 0.4 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively. The Gibbs free energy at standard pressure and temperature (ΔG° _f,298) is calculated to be −1,369.3 ± 2.7 J mol⁻¹ based on the new entropy data. The phase boundary for the fayalite–γ-Fe₂SiO₄ transition at 298 K based on current thermodynamic data is located at 2.4 ± 0.6 GPa with a slope of 25.4 bars/K, consistent with extrapolated results of previous experimental studies.     

塔里木盆地哈得4油田成藏年代学研究

哈得4油田是近年来在满加尔凹陷北部发现的第一个海相油田，一直被认为是喜山期形成的油藏。然而，根据包裹体测温、伊利石K／Ar同位素测年以及油气水界面追溯等多种方法对其成藏年代重新研究表明，该油田主力油藏石碳系CⅢ油藏主杰晚海西期形成的古油藏，C5薄砂层油藏则可能为喜山期由CⅢ油藏垂向调整形成的次生油藏。     

Adjustment of a Formulated Sediment for Sediment Testing with Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematoda)

The OECD soil, which is standardised for use in the sediment toxicity with the midge Chironomus riparius revealed inhibition of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in body growth length and egg production of 41.0% and 84%, respectively. 18 formulated sediments were tested to optimise the sediment composition for growth and reproduction of C. elegans. Their components were chosen to simulate native sediments, whereby different quantities and different clay minerals were tested. The mixture that we found to be optimal in our experiments consisted of 5% sphagnum peat, 70% calcitic sand, 0.5% dolomite limestone, 4.5% iron(III) oxide, and a clay combination of 1.5% chlorite and 18.5% aluminium(III) oxide. When applying this mixture to C. riparius, the new formulated sediment improved also growth in comparison to the OECD sediment.     

Characterisation of tobelite (NH4)Al2[AlSi3O10](OH)2 and ND4-tobelite (ND4)Al2[AlSi3O10](OD)2 using IR spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement of XRD spectra

Tobelite (NH₄) Al₂ [AlSi₃O₁₀] (OH)₂, the ammonium analogue of muscovite, and its deuterated form ND₄-tobelite (ND₄) Al₂ [AlSi₃O₁₀] (OD)₂ have been synthesised at 600?°C and 200 and 500 Mpa using a well homogenised, stoichiometric SiO₂-Al₂O₃ oxide mix with Al₂O₃ in excess of 5 mol% and a 25% NH₃ solution whose relative abundance was such that the amount of NH₄ ⁺ stoichiometrically available was in excess of 50%. Characterisation of both tobelite and ND₄-tobelite using IR-spectroscopy, Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction data, and electron microprobe analysis indicate that, similar to K⁺ in muscovite, the NH₄ ⁺ or ND₄ ⁺ molecule occupies the interlayer site. IR absorption bands caused by NH₄ ⁺ and ND₄ ⁺ can be explained, to a very good approximation, on the basis of T_d symmetry. Nevertheless, substantial line broadening and the occurrence of shoulders indicate a deviation from ideal T_d symmetry. However, even at 77?K, no discrete splitting of the degenerate states could be confirmed. The OH stretching frequencies observed for synthetic tobelite are quite similar to those for muscovite, indicating that the replacement of K⁺ by NH₄ ⁺ has no effect. The low FWHH of the OH bands indicate that the hydroxyl groups are well ordered within the structure. Rietveld refinement of tobelite and ND₄-tobelite indicates that all samples synthesised consist of the 3 different mica polytypes which are typical of muscovite – namely 1M (C2/m), 2M ₁ (C2/c) and 2M ₂ (C2/c). Tobelite and ND₄-tobelite synthesised at 500 Mpa principally contain the 1M polytype, whereas the principle polytype for ND₄-tobelite synthesised at 200 Mpa, is 2M ₂. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction spectra for tobelite synthesised at 200 Mpa was problematic due to the very broad FWHH of the X-ray peaks indicating poor crystallinity. In comparision to synthetic muscovite, the cell dimensions observed for tobelite and its deuterated analogue are quite similar except for the lattice constant c. Due to the larger radius of NH₄ ⁺ or ND₄ ⁺ compared to K⁺ cation, the c-direction is expanded form 10.275 Å in muscovite to approximately 10.540 Å in tobelite and ND₄-tobelite.     

Beitrag zur Charakterisierung und Identifizierung organischer Stoffe niederer molarer Massen in biologischen Kläranlagenabläufen

Contribution to the characterization and identification of low molecular weight organic substances in biologically treated effluent. In a review it is shown that by determination of sum parameters only 25% of low molecular weight substances <1000 Dalton in biologically treated effluent can be divided into different classes of compounds. A method is described to separate the low molecular weight compounds (freeze concentration, electrodialysis, vacuum evaporation, freeze drying) in order to identify single compounds. In a first GC-MS analysis 87 compounds, among them a high proportion of substances with hetero atoms, could be identified. Their concentrations lie between 0,1 and 3 μg/1. Only 3% of the low molecular weight fraction related to the DOC value is covered by the identified substances. Therefore it can be assumed, that a broad variety of low molecular weight compounds in very low concentrations is present in the effluent of biological treatment plants.     

低质量X射线双星的毫秒级准周期信号——最近的进展

最近对低质量X射线双星中的千赫兹准周期振动的研究表明 ,是辐射压力 ,而不是盘和磁球的相互作用以及处于盘内边界的广义相对论效应在短时标的盘切断机制上起作用。本文给出了一些研究结果及讨论。     

磺化层柱状有机膦酸锆的合成及催化反应研究

在氢氟酸溶液中,混合亚磷酸、4,4’-联苯二膦酸和锆离子反应生成4,4’-联苯二膦酸锆／亚磷酸锆（简称MCZP）,改变有机酸和亚磷酸的比例,可以合成具有相同组分但结构不同的一系列化合物。通过磺化反应,在苯环上接上磺酸基团后,它具有类似强酸性阳离子交换树脂特性．该文首次对这类化合物催化酯化、醚化等典型的酸催化有机反应进行了研究,结果表明其催化转化率高、催化剂可重复使用和再生,是一种很有发展前途的新型固体酸催化剂．