湘西-黔东下寒武统清虚洞组藻灰岩沉积特征及其找矿意义

铅锌矿是湘西-黔东地区的优势矿种,资源丰富,开发历史悠久,找矿潜力巨大。综合分析前人有关湘西-黔东生物礁的资料,介绍了藻灰岩的沉积特征,并结合大量实际地质资料,对藻灰岩控矿进行了论述。结果表明: 成矿物质主要来源于藻类及碳酸盐泥对Pb²⁺、Zn²⁺离子的吸取,矿床成因属于沉积成岩矿床类型,兼有成岩期后矿床性质; 藻礁灰岩与不同岩性的接合部位及其附近等微地球化学障区,往往就是铅锌富矿体产出部位; 藻礁灰岩与礁间通道的薄层泥质白云质灰岩呈指状交叉接触处,也常有铅锌富矿体产出; 铅锌富矿体基本上产于清虚洞组灰岩段中,且明显受该段藻礁灰岩控制。为满足国内外对铅锌矿日益增长的消费需要,深入研究区内铅锌矿的地层岩相岩石控矿因素及其富集规律,指导该地区藻灰岩中铅锌矿找矿工作,具有重要的现实意义。     

雄安新区雾迷山组岩溶热储成储机制及发育模式

雄安新区雾迷山组地热资源丰富,研究其岩溶热储特征及其形成机理对于雄安新区清洁地热资源的开发利用具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。前人已经对该区雾迷山组油气储集层的分布、古岩溶、成岩作用、储集空间等特征做过一定的研究,但对于该区雾迷山组地热资源的成储机制、特别是3期岩溶等成岩特征尚缺乏系统性的研究。充分利用野外露头、岩心、薄片和测录井等地质及地球物理资料,并结合区域地质背景的分析,对雄安新区雾迷山组的岩石学特征、成岩作用、岩溶热储的成储机制进行了深入研究,并建立了雄安新区雾迷山组岩溶热储的发育模式。结果表明：(1)雄安新区雾迷山组主要岩性为白云岩,主要的储集空间为次生孔隙和构造缝—构造溶蚀缝,热储孔渗变化较大;(2)雄安新区最主要的建设性成岩作用是3种溶蚀作用,包括同生—准同生溶蚀、表生溶蚀和埋藏溶蚀,主要破坏性成岩作用是压实作用和胶结作用;(3)根据构造演化、岩心及测井资料,将表生溶蚀作用划分为3期,分别是芹峪期、印支期和燕山—喜山期。芹峪期雾迷山组局部出露遭受淋滤,形成的溶孔经后期改造后不易识别;印支期大部分区域抬升并遭受淋滤,形成高孔渗储集层,后期遭受了进一步改造;燕山—喜山期是雄安新...     

Defining the concept of stratigraphic grade and applying it to stratal (reservoir) architecture and evolution of the slope-to-basin profile: An outcrop perspective

Stratigraphic grade is the similarity of the morphology of successive slope-to-basin profiles in a genetically related depositional system. In this article we use data collected from regional cross-sections of six depositional systems, stratal architecture derived from outcrops of the Lewis Shale (Wyoming, USA), and the Ross Sandstone (Ireland), and supplementary outcrop and subsurface data from other depositional systems to determine how stratigraphic grade relates to stratal (reservoir) architecture in deepwater systems.Four methods are developed that collectively define stratigraphic grade: (1) regional stacking patterns of fourth-order stratigraphic surfaces, (2) the relationship between the trajectory of the shelf edge (T_se) and the trajectory of the depocenter (T_d) for fourth-order stratigraphic units, (3) morphology of the slope-to-basin profiles of fourth-order stratigraphic surfaces, and (4) the similarity of the morphologies of slope-to-basin profiles of fourth-order surfaces in a system (σ_s, σ_r). Several characteristics of stratigraphic (reservoir) architecture of fourth-order stratigraphic cycles are related to stratigraphic grade: (1) longitudinal distribution of sandstone in fourth-order cycles, (2) location of maximum sandstone relative to the depocenter of fourth-order cycles, (3) lengths of fourth-order submarine fans, and (4) longitudinal and vertical distribution of architectural elements. Stratigraphic grade is thus a predictor of reservoir architecture and can thereby be used to reduce the uncertainty in the interpretation of subsurface data.The concept of stratigraphic grade is useful in understanding the stratigraphic evolution of deepwater systems. Most deepwater systems analyzed in this study initiated as out-of-grade and temporally evolved to graded systems over a time span of millions of years. Systems rarely evolve from graded to out-of-grade. First-order controls on stratigraphic grade are determined to be angle of slope, tectonically forced changes in angle of slope during deposition, and sediment supply.     

四川盆地及周缘五峰组-龙马溪组钾质斑脱岩特征及其地质意义

四川盆地及周缘五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩地层中斑脱岩广泛分布,蕴含着丰富的地球化学信息。开展相关矿物学（XRD）、主量元素（XRF）,以及微量元素（ICP-MS）等分析,结合野外露头观察,对四川盆地及周缘五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩地层中斑脱岩进行了分析。研究结果表明：1）斑脱岩主要由伊利石、斜长石、石英等矿物组成;2）主量元素以SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃、K₂O 为主,其中K₂O/Na₂O介于15.54～270之间;3）微量元素富集Th、U、Pb、Zr、Hf、Ta等高场强元素（HFSE）和Rb、Cs、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损La、Ce、Sr、Sm、Eu等元素;4）稀土元素∑REE介于19.58×10^-6～383.88×10^-6之间,平均值为105.43×10^-6,LREE/ HREE介于0.74～12.67之间,平均值为3.93,总体表现为轻稀土（LREE）富集,而重稀土（HREE）亏损,轻、重稀土元素分异明显,Eu表现出一定的负异常,而Ce未出现明显异常。综合分析认为：1）四川盆地及周缘五峰组-龙马溪组斑脱岩具有高钾低钠的特点,与钾质斑脱岩特征相符,且五峰组与龙马溪组斑脱岩特征相似,火山灰物质来源相近;2）原岩构造环境主要为岛弧环境,同时也存在板内环境,火山灰主要来源于北部秦岭地区;3）火山灰可以提高海洋表层初级生产力,为优质页岩有机质形成提供物质基础。     

冀北滦平盆地大店子组中网雕饰叶肢介Clithrograpta属的发现及其意义

在深入研究滦平盆地大店子组叶肢介化石时,于该组上部首次发现了网雕饰叶肢介Clithrograpta属,产出层数多,个体数量大,种的分异度高,为冀北滦平盆地大店子组的地层划分与对比,正确建立冀北-辽西陆相侏罗-白垩系的地层格架,提供了关键而有力的古生物证据。根据这一发现和大北沟组至西瓜园组叶肢介化石组合序列,本区大店子组上部（3-4段）可与辽西建昌盆地“义县组”下部（原大新房子组）对比;证明辽西地区缺失相当于本区的大店子组下部（1-2段）地层,西瓜园组大体相当于辽西的义县组。     

河南鹤壁地区太原组有孔虫动物群及石炭-二叠系界限的探讨

通过对华北地台河南鹤壁地区太原组有孔虫动物群的系统研究,共鉴定出有孔虫化石18属33种,建立了一个区域性有孔虫动物组合带：Bradyina—Palaeotextularia组合带,根据有孔虫化石的属种类型、数量,应用数理统计方法得出组合带有孔虫化石在地层中的比例变化情况,并根据化石组合带与国内其它地区的有孔虫动物群进行对比研究,认为鹤壁剖面有孔虫动物群Bradyina—Palaeotextularia组合带归于晚石炭世晚期的早期（C2^2-）,进而对研究区石炭-二叠系界线的划分进行探讨,界限应该放在第16层（泥岩）和第15层（灰岩）之间。     

Characteristics of telemagmatic metamorphism of the Ceshui Formation coal in Lianyuan coal basin

The Ceshui Formation coal is mostly anthracite and its metamorphism has been less documented.By analyzing systematically the reflectance of vitrinite and the results of X-ray diffraction of the Ceshui Formation cola in the Lianyuan coal basin,the spatial variation characteristics of coal ranks,coal metamorphic regions,the extension of coal metamorphic belts.coal metamorphic gradients,coal chemical structure and the effect on the degree of metamorphism of heat-production and -storge conditions,buried depth of the Indosinian-Yenshanian granites at the margins of the Lianyuan coal basin are discussed.The research results in conjunction of the features of regional hydrothermal alterations,endogenetic deposits with the Ceshui Formation coal measures,and the development of secondary vesicles indicate that the telemagmatic metamorphism is the main factor leading to the metamorphism of the Ceshui Formation coal in the region studied.     

准噶尔盆地东部沙帐地区中二叠统平地泉组一段致密油源储组合模式

综合利用录井、镜下薄片及压汞等资料,对准噶尔盆地东部沙帐地区中二叠统平地泉组一段致密油储集层岩性、储集空间和孔隙结构等特征进行了分析,在此基础上结合平一段致密油纵向岩性组合特征及源储关系,总结了平一段致密油源储组合模式。研究发现平一段致密油储集层岩性以碎屑岩为主,云质类岩石次之,储层孔隙结构具"粗态型"、"偏细态型"和"细态型",储集空间表现为常规孔隙与纳米孔隙并存;平一段源储组合表现为"泥包砂"、"砂包泥"和"砂泥互层"。研究表明:平一段储集层表现为致密储层特征,纳米孔喉是致密油储层的主体孔喉,平一段致密油具有源储一体型、源储交接型和源储隔离型三类组合模式。     

川西白马庙气田上侏罗统蓬莱镇组高分辨率层序地层对比

井震结合对川西白马庙气田蓬莱镇组进行了多级次高分辨率层序地层对比。首先对不同级次层序界面进行识别，然后依据相序、岩石的物理性质、地层的接触关系等特征并结合地震层序界面追踪，进行单井不同级次基准面旋回层序识别划分，划分出短期、中期和长期三个级次的基准面旋回。选取密集井网的联井剖面，依据等时地层对比法则并利用地震资料约束进行不同级次基准面旋回层序的联井对比，建立高精度的等时地层对比格架，在等时地层格架内进行了单砂体的对比。最后在等时地层格架内分析了储层的时空展布。     

桦甸盆地古近系桦甸组油页岩矿床沉积特征

桦甸盆地位于敦密断裂带主干断裂的北侧,是一个半地堑式盆地。受同生控盆断裂的控制,含油页岩段厚度和油页岩单层厚度均由北缘向南缘断裂（F₁）方向逐渐增厚。盆地内古近系（下第三系）桦甸组为一个完整的三级层序,油页岩形成于水进体系域和高水位体系域的浅湖—深湖环境中。共发育可采油页岩13层,含油率较高（一般8%~13%）,质量较好,具有很好的工业前景。