西藏雄村矿区地面磁测异常特征及其对找矿方向的指示

雄村矿区是西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带内已查明资源/储量达大型规模的Cu-Au矿区,已经发现了I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ号Cu-Au矿体。矿区地面磁测结果表明,矿区存在明显的高磁异常区和低磁异常区,两类异常区均有矿化显示,I号矿体位于低磁异常区,Ⅱ号矿体位于高磁异常区,磁异常特征的差异主要是因为磁铁矿含量显著不同造成的。通过对矿区地面磁测异常特征的研究,圈定出了2个低磁异常区和3个高磁异常区,综合地、物、化资料,对5个磁异常区今后的找矿思路进行了分析,为矿区及外围开展综合方法找矿提供了参考,同时,对于冈底斯斑岩铜矿带其它地段寻找该类型矿床具有十分重要的意义。     

新疆哈拉奇地区地面高精度磁测异常及解释简

新疆哈拉奇地区位于西南天山与塔里木盆地接触部位,属于航空磁法测量的边缘区,未开展过地面物探工作。此次开展地面高精度磁测工作,划分了6个区域磁异常区,圈定了3处次级高磁异常和1处局部高磁异常。推断区域磁异常由隐伏基性侵入岩、基底引起,次级高磁异常由构造引起,局部异常由矿体引起。磁异常解释为地质研究、寻找磁性矿产提供了参考依据。     

硫酸盐渍土机场地基处理换填覆重法研究

盐胀是硫酸盐渍土的主要危害,硫酸盐渍土机场地基处理的关键在于减少盐胀。通过不同荷载作用下的盐胀试验,研究了荷载对不同压实度、不同含盐量的硫酸盐渍土盐胀的抑制效果,拟合了盐胀经验公式,探讨了换填覆重法硫酸盐渍土机场地基处理。压实度不宜太高,在满足道面承载力的条件下建议在90%～95%之间取值;道面2 m以下可以填弱盐渍土,建议含盐量不要超过0.5%;水分危险点危害最大,必须重视排水设计。给出了确定换填覆重法最小荷载及最小厚度的方法。计算表明,覆重荷载50 kPa基本能抑制含盐量小于0.5%的硫酸盐渍土的盐胀,采用砂砾石材料最小覆重层厚度约2 m。换填覆重法在西北地区硫酸盐渍土机场地基处理中具有较好的应用前景。     

Classification of artificial (man-made) ground

The legacy inherited from anthropogenic processes needs to be addressed in order to provide reliable and up-to-date ground information relevant to development and regeneration in the urban environment. The legacy includes voids as well as anthropogenic deposits (artificial ground). Their characteristics derive from former quarrying and mining activities industrial processes creating derelict ground, variably consolidated made ground, and contaminated groundwater and soils. All need to be systematically assessed to inform the planning process and provide the basis for engineering solutions. Site-specific investigation needs to be conducted on the back of good quality geoscientific data. This comes from ‘field’ survey, remotely sensed data interpretation, historical maps, soil geochemical sampling, and geotechnical investigation. Three-dimensional and, in the future, four dimensional, characterization of superficial deposits is required to reach an understanding of the potential spatial lithological variability of artificial ground and the geometry of important surfaces, i.e. the boundary conditions. The classification scheme for artificial ground outlined in this paper and adopted by the British Geological Survey, will help in achieving this understanding.     

Archaeoseismic record at the ancient Roman City of Baelo Claudia (Cádiz, south Spain)

This study represents the first paleoseismic approach in Spain in which archaeological remains are considered. The ancient Roman city of Baelo Claudia (1st–4th centuries AD), located at the axial zone of the Gibraltar Strait (Cadiz, south Spain), contains abundant disrupted architectural relics and ground collapses (i.e. landsliding, liquefacion) probably related to historic earthquake damage of intensity IX–X MSK. The archaeological stratigraphy of the city evidence two major episodes of abrupt city destruction bracketed in AD 40–60 and AD 350–395 separated by an intervening horizon of demolition for city rebuilding, otherwise characteristic for many earthquake-damaged archaeological sites in the Mediterranean. The second episode led the eventual city abandonment, and it is evidenced by good examples of column collapse, distortion, failure and breakdown of house and city walls, and pavement warping and disruptions documented during different archaeological excavations, which can be catalogued as secondary coseismic effects. Main damaged relicts observable today are the set of pop-up like arrays and warping developed in the ancient Roman pavement. Their analysis indicate an anomalous westwards ground displacement oblique to the main gentle southward slope of the topography, as also evidence failures, collapses and breakdown of walls and columns, suggesting that stress acted in a broad SW–NE/WSW–ENE orientation consistent whit the expectable motion along the largest NE–SW strike-slip faults of the zone, which in turn can be catalogued as seismic sources of moderate events (ca. 5 mb). Major disruptions and city abandonment were hesitantly related to relatively far strong earthquakes occurred during the late 4th century AD in the Mediterranean or western coast of Iberia by Menanteau et al. [Menanteau, L., Vanney, J.R., Zazo, C., 1983. Belo II : Belo et son environment (Detroit de Gibraltar), Etude physique d'un site antique. Pub. Casa de Velazquez, Serie Archeologie 4., Ed. Broccard, París.]. However, this study indicates that the occurrence of close moderate earthquakes jointly with the unstable character of the ground at the zone (site effect) is a more reliable hypothesis to explain the observed deformations.     

连拱隧道施工对洞口仰坡影响的三维数值分析

以江西某高速公路一浅埋偏压连拱隧道为例,采用Marc有限元程序对其出口段进行了动态施工的三维数值模拟.从施工过程中的应力集中、塑性区的分布形态和发展规律、仰坡轴向地表位移的分布特征等方面,系统研究了偏压连拱隧道施工对强风化岩体洞口仰坡的影响作用机制.结果表明:在模拟施工过程中塑性区和应力集中区只出现在洞体附近,可能的仰坡失稳往往是隧道施工失稳的累进性响应;洞口仰坡的轴向水平位移前缘大、后缘小,垂直位移后缘大、前缘小;隧道上方和近山脊一侧仰坡位移比近山谷一侧大,仰坡失稳往往从隧道上方和埋深较大一侧开始.     

晋东南辛安泉域地下水水质污染现状及污染成因分析

辛安泉是北方第二大泉，泉域面积１３０００ｋｍ＾２。根据环境水文地质条件，将拉域划分为四个子系统。采用饮用水卫生标准和污染起始值对系统内地下水水质进行评价，并对其污染成因进行了分析。     

裂隙地下水反分析中若干问题探析

本文以反演介质参数为例,讨论了模型的建立、反问题数值计算中实际参数采集及其对成果的影响,有关数值法的适用性、唯一性。     

我国土壤热流场及与深层大地热流场的比较

本文提出岩石圈内的某些过程是气候变迁的重要原因之一。并依据对土壤热流、大地热流、地震和旱涝关系研究所得到的一些现象和结论,利用气象站地温资料计算了土壤热流,初步分析得到如下主要结论:(1)据线性热传导理论设计的热流的计算方法基本上可以满足多年平均土壤热流场计算精度的要求;(2)平均土壤热流场、深层大地热流场、地震带三者之间有很好的对应关系。平均土壤热流高值带一般都有大地热流高值带和地震带与之对应;(3)土壤热流距平场与汛期降水场有相似的分布形势,土壤热流距平的变化与强震也有一定的联系。