台湾海峡西部海域沉积物中重金属的地球化学特征

台湾海峡西部海域表层沉积物中重金属含量与未污染近岸沉积物的平均含量相当,基本上未受污染。各重金属含量具有沿东北至西南方向递减的分布趋势。沉积物中微量金属的含量明显地受Fe-Mn 氧化物和有机质的含量所控制。福建沿海主要港湾沉积物中Pb、Zn 含量偏高,微量金属含量不受Fe-Mn 氧化物和有机质控制,构成本地区沉积物的两种区域性特征。     

台湾北部四种软珊瑚体内十八种金属累积于共肉组织与中轴骨骼的特性

分别检测采自台湾北部和平岛沿岸海域及淡水河出海口海域的侧扁软柳珊瑚(Subergorgia suberosa)、扁刺柳珊瑚(Echinogorgia complexa)、网刺柳珊瑚(Echinogorgia reticulata)和1未定种柳珊瑚4种软珊瑚样品体内18种金属元素。比较同株珊瑚中金属累积于共内组织与中轴骨骼含量的特性．研究结果显示铜(Cu)及钒(V)于4种珊瑚中累积于中轴骨骼的量高于共内组织，Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、Cd、Ni、Pb及Se则恰相反，Al、As、Co、Cr及Sn累积部位没有规则，Ag,Au及Ba因有ND值(未检出值)无法归纳其累积倾向，但若忽略ND值，则Ag与Ba累积于共肉组织较高，Au累积于中轴骨骼较高．此研究结果显示环境中金属倾向累积于软珊瑚共肉组织或中轴骨骼可能有一定之脉络可循．     

海洋沉积物中多元素分析测定方法

介绍了海洋沉积物消化及多元素分析的测定方法。分析测定过程中 ,应选用国家标准溶液。标准溶液的蒸发次数、加酸量、稀释倍数等对样品测定结果的准确性均有一定影响。消化过程中 ,过多的蒸发次数对微量元素 Cr、V的测定结果有明显影响 ,蒸发的次数越多 ,元素的损失量越大 ,因此 ,为了获得更准确的测定结果 ,应尽可能减少蒸发次数 ,并减少加酸量 ;测定常量元素时 ,样品较大的稀释倍数使获得数据的可靠性增大 ,通常 0 .2 5 g样品应稀释至 5 0m L,0 .5 g样品应稀释至 1 0 0 m L。     

Micro- and macronutrients in the southeastern Bering Sea: Insight into iron-replete and iron-depleted regimes

Surface transects and vertical profiles of macronutrients, dissolved iron (D-Fe), and dissolved manganese (D-Mn) were investigated during August 2003 in the southeastern Bering Sea. We observed iron-limited, HNLC surface waters in the deep basin of the Bering Sea (15-20 μmol/kg nitrate, ∼0.07 nmol/kg D-Fe, and ?1.0 nmol/kg D-Mn); nitrate-limited, iron-replete surface waters over the shelf (<0.1 μmol/kg nitrate, 0.5-4 nmol/kg D-Fe, and 2-33 nmol/kg D-Mn); and high biomass at the shelf break (“Green Belt”), where diatoms appeared to have been stressed by low D-Fe concentrations (<0.3 nmol/kg). Sources of nitrate and iron to the Green Belt were investigated. A mixture of Aleutian North Slope Current water (with elevated, but non-sufficient iron concentrations relative to its high nitrate concentrations) and surface waters from the vicinity of the Bering Canyon (with lower nitrate concentrations, but similar dissolved iron concentrations) was carried along the shelf break by the Bering Slope Current. This water mixture provided macro- and micronutrients at the southern end of the shelf break. The oceanic domain supplied additional macronutrients to Green Belt waters, while the bottom layer of the outer shelf domain supplied additional macro- and micronutrients through enhanced vertical mixing at the shelf break. Surface waters near the Pribilof Islands, where the highest surface D-Fe concentrations were observed (∼5-6 nmol/kg), represent a potential source of additional iron to Green Belt waters. During summer, the subsurface water of the middle shelf domain is a potential source of nitrate to the nitrate depleted waters of the shelf. In this subsurface cool pool, we observed evidence of substantial denitrification with lower than expected nitrate concentrations.     

Study of the distribution of Trace elements in soils in and around Mysore city,Karnataka

Soil samples collected from various places in and around Mysore were analyzed for the total trace elements such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd. The results of the analysis indicate that the concentration of lead and cadmium in soils is below 2.5 g ml^–1 and 0.2 g ml^–1, respectively, which are the minimum detection levels, whereas the concentration of iron, manganese, copper, and zinc in most of the samples is within the global average ranges of 3%, 500–1000 g g^–1, 15–40 g g^–1, and 50–100 g g^–1, respectively. The investigated area has the presence of gneisses and schists, in which partly there are igneous intrusions and pegmatitic intrusions. There are amphibolite enclaves in gneisses that account for the higher concentration of trace elements. The lower concentration may be attributed to the presence of silicic type of rock.     

含高浓度有机物及重金属的废水处理方法研究

采用铁屑综合处理含高浓度有机物及重金属的废水。经处理后的废水，重金属和ＣＯＤ均达到国家排放标准，研究了铁屑用量，作用时间等的最佳值，并对作用机理作了解释。     

南四湖表层沉积物重金属元素的污染分析

对南四湖不同湖区的20个表层底泥样品的重金属浓度做了实验分析，并对底泥重金属元素进行了研究，揭示出南四湖不同湖区重金属元素空间分布的特征。结果表明，整个南四湖的上级湖已经受到Hg，As，Pb和Mn等重金属元素的污染。其中南阳湖的Hg污染严重，铅、砷等较次之；独山湖的As，Pb和Mn污染较重；昭阳湖污染较轻。