Variability and Climate Effect of the Salinity in the Pacific Warm Pool-cold Tongue Confluence Region

This study focused on the warm pool-cold tongue confluence region (WCCR) in the central tropical Pacific Ocean where the warm and fresh water from the warm pool encounters with cold and saline water from the cold tongue. The WCCR is characterized by strong surface salinity front, shallow mixed layer and thick barrier layer. The WCCR is the key area for the development of different types of El Ni?o, and also the area with significant systematic bias in climate models. In order to reveal what role the structure and variability of salinity will play in the ocean dynamic and thermal conditions, and the cycle of the ENSO, a key project was approved by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in July, 2017. The key scientific issues that will be addressed in the project are as follows: ①to depict the three-dimensional structure and variability of salinity in the WCCR; ②to reveal the mechanism for the variability of salinity front and barrier layer; and ③to illustrate the main processes that control the impact of salinity on the upper-ocean variation in the tropical Pacific and the cycle of the ENSO. The present study will improve our understanding of the tropical ocean dynamics and ENSO dynamics, and will enhance the prediction skill of the ENSO.     

Effects of BPA and E2 on expression profiles of genes related to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are increasingly viewed as persistent pollutants, similar to natural hormones in function. This paper describes the expression profiles of 7 genes (DMRT, VTG, GnRHR, FSHR, CYP17A, CYP19A, and CYP19B) involved in sex steroid synthesis and action as well as sexual development in adult male and female Cynoglossus semilaevis, after exposure to different concentrations of Bisphenol A (BPA) and 17β-estradiol (E2). Both BPA (1, 10, 50, 125, and 250 mg/kg) and E2 (0.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) induced changes in target gene expression, although the estrogenic effects of E2 as a model estrogen were stronger. Among the 7 genes, VTG, CYP17A and CYP19 responded strongly to BPA or E2 exposure and can thus serve as reference biomarkers for estrogenic EDCs exposure in marine teleosts. These data will provide a window to establish a hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal model in C. semilaevis to better understand the effect pathways of EDCs.     

半滑舌鳎三倍体诱导研究

采用冷休克抑制第二极体排出的方法诱导了半滑舌鳎三倍体,并探讨了三倍体诱导的最佳条件.通过流式细胞仪倍性检测和染色体观察验证各组三倍化率.结果显示:在受精后5 min开始,将受精卵放在4℃海水中进行冷休克处理,持续时间为20 min,三倍体诱导率最高为35％.通过对三倍体染色体进行分析,辨认其雌雄染色体型为ZWW/ZZZ,出现频率为1∶1,没有发现ZZW型雌鱼,暗示半滑舌鳎Z染色体和W染色体之间的交叉和互换受到严重抑制.     

半滑舌鳎苗种体外挂牌标志技术研究

研制了4种不同规格的T型标志牌(T-A,T-B,TC,T-D),对不同规格的半滑舌鳎苗种进行了标记试验,记录了标记后的脱牌率、成活率、行为特征和生长情况,筛选了适宜于半滑舌鳎苗种标志放流的T型标志牌.结果表明:T-A标志牌适宜于标记全长8 cm以上的苗种,标记后的实验鱼生长与对照组无显著差异,标志后暂养成活率92％～100％;T-B标志牌适宜标记全长16 cm的苗种,标记后实验鱼成活率达到100％,脱牌率为0.T-C和T-D标志牌不适宜于标记全长16 cm以下的半滑舌鳎苗种.2011年,利用本研究开发的T-A标志牌标记半滑舌鳎苗种,并在莱州开展大规模标志放流试验,标记效果良好.     

基于低压静电场技术(LVEF)对半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)的保鲜效果及微生物菌落影响分析

为研究低压静电场对半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)在贮藏过程中微生物群落特征,采用高通量测序技术对贮藏至30 d半滑舌鳎的微生物群落碱基信息测序,产生的碱基序列通过OTU聚类、多样性分析、相关性分析等手段,探讨影响半滑舌鳎保鲜效果的微生物群落组成和发育信息。研究不同低压静电场(2 000、2 500 V/m)对半滑舌鳎贮藏期间微生物群落组成的影响。结果表明:半滑舌鳎有效序列范围为76 735～103 583,平均长度为428.39～429.17 bp, OTU数目在45～218。贮藏期间样品的微生物多样性和相对丰度均有所下降。在门水平上共鉴定出四种微生物菌门,分别为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和其他。在属水平上鉴定出11种微生物菌属,分别为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)、环丝菌属(Brochothrix)、漫游菌属(Vagococcus)、发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)、Myroi...     

促激素及其受体在雄性半滑舌鳎脑垂体和精巢中的定位

应用兔抗血清对抗鱼类和哺乳类促激素及其受体的多克隆抗体对雄性半滑舌鳎脑垂体和精巢进行了免疫组织化学定位.其结果显示GnRHR、LHR和GtH免疫活性定位在不同发育时期的腺垂体和精巢中.GtH免疫阳性细胞的数量和免疫强度随着精巢发育成熟而明显增强.同时还发现睾酮（T）和雄激素受体（AR）在半滑舌鳎精巢中的定位有别于其他鱼类,尤其是雄激素受体（AR）免疫活性在精原细胞中的数量很少.依据这个特点文中还讨论了其可能与精巢发育的关系,同时证明了半滑舌鳎精巢发育像其他硬骨鱼类一样受激素的调控.     

半滑舌鳎促黄体激素受体基因片段的克隆及组织表达分析

采用巢式RT-PCR法克隆了半滑舌鳎Cynoglossus semilaevis促黄体激素受体(Luteinizing Hormonene Receptor, LHR)基因部分序列,经过BLAST比对,认为该序列与庸鲽、牙鲆、黑鲷、尼罗罗非鱼、青鳉和红鳍东方鲀的LHR基因同源性分别为97%,94%,85%,83%,82%和80%.该基因片段长度为614 bp,编码204个氨基酸,含有典型的跨膜螺旋结构区域(TM helix),属于糖蛋白激素受体(GHR)家族.组织表达分析表明,LHR基因在半滑舌鳎的卵巢、精巢、肝脏、胃、肠、鳃、心、脾、肾、头肾和脑中均有表达,表达量有所不同,以脾和肾中表达量最丰富.     

半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)摄食行为感觉作用的研究

采用实验室内鱼类行为学研究方法对半滑舌鳎的摄食行为进行研究。结果表明,嗅觉、味觉和侧线在半滑舌鳎的摄食中具有重要作用,视觉在摄食中的作用没有被发现。侧线在摄食中作用主要体现在头部侧线,躯干部侧线对侧面刺激有一定的攻击行为,但行为发生率与头部各部位受刺激时产生的行为发生率相比较低,且差异显著(P<0.05);躯干部对上部刺激仅发生警戒行为,没有观察到攻击行为。侧线和嗅觉在摄食中的作用大小比较差异显著(P<0.05),侧线的作用优于嗅觉。口咽腔对味道和硬度都有作用且对二者的敏感程度差异显著(P<0.05),对味道更为敏感。