Morphological and molecular evidence supports the occurrence of a single species of Zebrias zebrinus along the coastal waters of China

The so-called zebra sole includes a group of small flatfishes characterized by transverse band pairs on the ocular side and distributed throughout shallow waters along the coast of the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. Sev-eral species of the zebra sole have been recorded from the coastal waters of China. Morphological analysis of 1 107 specimens of the zebra sole from 15 successive localities along the China’s coast demonstrated that no significant variations among these localities were found on the basis of meristic counts and morphometric characters. Phylogenetic analysis based onCOI gene sequences of 14 individuals and D-loop of 22 indi-viduals from eight localities showed that they were indistinguishable among these localities. Therefore, both morphological and molecular evidence supported the occurrence of a single species of the zebra sole along the China’s coast. The available name for this species isZebriaszebrinus （Temminck and Schlegel, 1846） in-stead ofZ.zebra （Bloch, 1787）.Zebrias fasciatus（Basilewsky, 1855） andSolea ommatura （Richardson, 1846） are considered here as two synonyms ofZ. zebrinus.     

不同盐度下半滑舌鳎幼鱼非特异性免疫酶活力分析

让半滑舌鳎幼鱼(Cynoglossus semilaevis)在淡水、盐度5、10、20和30条件下适应60d,研究幼鱼不同组织(肌肉、肝脏、鳃、肾脏)中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活力。结果表明:半滑舌鳎幼鱼在淡水中生长受到了明显的抑制(P0.05),末体重在盐度10和20时较高;半滑舌鳎幼鱼肌肉中SOD活力在淡水条件下显著高于其它各处理(P0.05),肝脏中SOD的活力在盐度20时活力出现最大值(P0.05),在盐度30时,鳃和肾脏中SOD活力显著高于盐度5和10时(P0.05);肝脏中CAT活力随实验盐度的升高而降低,在淡水条件下要显著高于其它盐度(P0.05);肌肉和肾脏中AKP活力随实验盐度的升高而逐渐升高,其中肌肉组织中AKP活力在盐度20和30时显著高于淡水处理(P0.05);在淡水和盐度5时,肝脏中ACP活力显著高于盐度20和30时(P0.05),鳃和肾脏ACP活力则在盐度5时较低。综上表明,本研究规格下半滑舌鳎幼鱼不适宜在淡水条件下养殖,但盐度5以上的低盐度则不影响其正常生长;不同盐度对半滑舌鳎幼鱼的非特异性免疫酶活力影响显著,且盐度对不同组织中非特异性免疫酶活力影响存在一定的组织特异性。     

雄性半滑舌鳎GH基因多态性与激素水平及生长性状相关性分析

以雄性半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)为研究材料,分析了其GH基因外显子区域的多态性,同时分析了各基因型与其体重、体长、激素水平等的关联性。PCR-SSCP和测序结果表明,外显子4有1个突变位点382bp(c.T382C)为非同义突变(p.Phe106Leu)。单因素方差分析显示,382bp位点与体重、去内脏重和血浆T3水平显著相关(P0.05)。通过多重比较,CC基因型体重和去内脏重((234.58±8.11)g和(210.23±7.55)g)显著高于TT基因型((201.64±13.04)g和(180.21±12.13)g);CC基因型(3.01±0.07)ng·mL-1的T3水平极显著高于TT基因型(2.12±0.12)ng·mL-1。结果表明,半滑舌鳎中GH基因的突变可以影响其激素水平和生长性状,382bp位点可以用作分子标记,从遗传学角度辅助半滑舌鳎优良品种的分子选育。     

Evaluation of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis of gene expression during early development processes of the tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

Differential expression of genes is crucial to growth and development of fish. To select the appropriate genes for gene normalization during Cynoglossus semilaevis early developmental process, eight candidate reference genes (ACTB, B2M, EF1A, GADPH, RPL7, TUBA, UBCE and 18S) were tested for their adequacy by using quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that the expression of all the examined genes exhibited tissue dependent variations in the mature C. semilaevis. EF1A was listed as the most stable reference among the 14 tissues by RefFinder. Furthermore, the recommended comprehensive ranking of the stability determined by RefFinder showed that 18S was the most stable gene during the early developmental stages (from oosphere to 90 days old) in this study. However, when divided the C_t value data of the above mentioned early developmental stages into two separate periods (embryo and post-hatching periods), TUBA and 18S represented the most stable references of these two developmental periods, respectively. Consequently, the reference gene should be carefully and accurately chosen even for studies of the same species at various developmental processes. The relevant data may help in selecting appropriate reference genes for mRNA expression analysis, and is of great value in the studies of fish growth and development.     

10 个半滑舌鳎家系 MHC IIB 基因多态性初步研究

为检测10个半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)家系MHCⅡB(Cyse-DAB)基因的多态性水平、MHCⅡ类B位点数目以及平衡选择的作用,作者利用多聚酶链式反应(PCR)和直接测序的方法对10个半滑舌鳎家系MHCⅡB基因位点遗传变异和平衡选择进行了研究。用特异性引物和PCR扩增的半滑舌鳎MHCⅡB基因片段大约397 bp,包含一部分第一外显子,全部第一内含子和全部第二外显子。10个半滑舌鳎家系中,每家系选取5个体,每个体5个克隆序列分析发现60个不同序列,代表60个等位基因,其中有28个是新发现的,已提交到Gen Bank。同源分析表明60个等位基因相似性为89.36%。共50个个体中,有6个存在5个不同等位基因,表明在半滑舌鳎至少存在3个座位。有9个家系的MHCⅡB序列多肽结合区(PBR)的非同义替换(dN)显著高于同义替换(dS)。