MapGIS图像分析系统在区域重力点设计图制作中的应用

为提高区域重力点设计的进程,扫描1∶5万地形图作为地理工作底图,再利用MapGIS软件“图像处理”模块和“图像分析”模块等功能,对扫描的光栅图像进行格式转换和标准图幅的误差校正,并在校正后的光栅图像上设计重力点,最终得到与实际位置对应较好的重力点设计图。研究表明,该方法简单、快速、质量高,便于系统及时提取和数字化管理重力点。     

Optimum design and application of non‐traditional tuned mass damper toward seismic response control with experimental test verification

A variant type of tuned mass damper (TMD) termed as ‘non‐traditional TMD (NTTMD)’ is recently proposed. Mainly focusing on the employment of TMD for seismic response control, especially for base‐isolated or high‐rise structures, this paper aims to derive design formulae of NTTMDs based on two methodologies with different targets. One is the fixed points theory with the performance index set as the maximum magnitude of the frequency response function of the relative displacement of the primary structure with respect to the ground acceleration, and the other is the stability maximization criterion (SMC) to make the free vibration of the primary structure decay in the minimum duration. Such optimally designed NTTMDs are compared with traditional TMDs by conducting both numerical simulations and experiments. The optimum‐designed NTTMDs are demonstrated to be more effective than the optimum‐designed traditional TMDs, with smaller stroke length required. In particular, the effectiveness of the TMDs combined with a base‐isolated structure is investigated by small‐scale model experimental tests subjected to a time scaled long period impulsive excitation, and it is demonstrated that the SMC‐based NTTMD can suppress structural free vibration responses in the minimum duration and requires much smaller accommodation space. Additionally, a small‐scale shaking table experiment on a high‐rise bending model attached with a SMC‐based NTTMD is conducted. This study indicates that NTTMD has a high potential to apply to seismic response control or retrofit of structures such as base‐isolated or central column‐integrated high‐rise structures even if only a limited space is available for accommodating TMDs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

参照标准点探测PS法

提出参照标准点探测PS法。既考虑PS的强散射特性,又顾及其稳定性,且初选时振幅阈值的设置参照每景影像中PS标准点的振幅值,精选时振幅离差阈值的设置也参照这些PS标准点的振幅离差值,都不需要人工设定。选取澳门半岛为实验区,以18景TerraSAR-X为数据源,进行PS探测实验。结果表明,相比于传统的PS探测方法,本方法能更快速、有效、可靠地探测出SAR影像中的PS。     

基于累积偏移算法的线路矢量数据实时压缩

针对线路矢量数据实时采集和同步压缩应用需求,本文提出具有高压缩率、低失真度特点的累积偏移实时压缩算法（CORC Algorithm）。算法突出对弯曲极值点和距离偏移的感知,创新性地提出累积变向点和累积变向拐点的弯曲极值点探测方法,提出距离累积偏移临界点的线路偏移快速判断方法,从而有效提高算法对方向连续偏移的敏感度和对摇摆偏移的高压缩率,提高线路矢量数据实时压缩的高保真性。累积偏移实时压缩算法在高限差阈值情况下仍能有效发现各类弯曲极值点和距离累积偏移临界点,在O（N）时间复杂性和O（1）空间复杂性下取得高压缩率、低失真度的理想压缩效果,实现了线路采集的零延时同步压缩。应用定时、定距两种采集策略生成的线路矢量数据集,与垂距法（VD Algorithm）、分段道格拉斯-普克法（Subsection DP Algorithm）进行实时压缩性能实验对比,结果表明,累积偏移法作为实时压缩方法,与上述两种主流实时压缩算法相比,在压缩实时性、压缩率失真度平衡、限差阈值可控性3方面都具有明显的优越性。在同等压缩率情况下,累积偏移压缩算法失真度普遍降低达10%,且压缩率与失真度的平衡性受限差阈值取值和线路轨迹特征影响最小,可实现线路的定位采集、实时压缩、同步网络上传,在交通、旅游、探险搜救等领域的实时定位监控中具有广阔的应用前景。     

A nonlinear coupled soil moisture-vegetation model

Based on the physical analysis that the soil moisture and vegetation depend mainly on the precipitation and evaporation as well as the growth, decay and consumption of vegetation a nonlinear dynamic coupled system of soil moisture-vegetation is established. Using this model, the stabilities of the steady states of vegetation are analyzed. This paper focuses on the research of the vegetation catastrophe point which represents the transition between aridness and wetness to a great extent. It is shown that the catastrophe point of steady states of vegetation depends mainly on the rainfall P and saturation value v0, which is selected to balance the growth and decay of vegetation. In addition, when the consumption of vegetation remains constant, the analytic solution of the vegetation equation is obtained.     

地铁控制基标归化改正原理及编程实现

介绍了控制基标在地铁建设中的作用和测设步骤,总结了铺轨基标归化改正计算的理论依据和基本计算方法,建立了数学模型。同时在VB6.0环境下编程,实现了归化改正点位的自动判定以及改正值的自动计算,介绍了编程原理,并提供了流程图及工程实例。     

基于空间散乱点插值的曲面重构

采用最近邻点法、距离反比加权法和克里格法等空间插值方法,基于IDL语言实现插值算法,对我国西部某金属矿山坑道内,利用大功率充电法测得的163个电位数据进行曲面重构,结果表明,克里格插值方法更能够真实地反映空间数据变量(场)的分布特性,具有广泛的实用价值。     

在锥度量型空间上4个映射的公共不动点定理

为了强化理论知识的应用,利用锥度量型空间中自映射,讨论常数K的范围得出公共不动点的存在性和唯一性问题,证明了一个新的公共不动点定理.把锥度量型空间看作是锥度量空间的推广,在空间里,证明了4个映射的某些不动点定理.所得结论延伸和推广了文献中熟悉的相容性的一些论断.所有结论都在一致锥的背景下得到证明,且不需要假设函数的连续性.文章结果改进和发展了Aleksandar S Cvetkovi的结果.     

基于ADS40影像的海岛测图控制点需求分析

主要以ADS40数码影像资料为基础,针对典型海岛测区的控制点布设,制定不同的布点方案,通过空中三角测量作业及平差实验,比较各种方案的数字空中三角测量成果精度,论证得出最佳、最优的外业布点方案,为海岛的外业控制点布设提供指导及依据.     

Inversion of two-dimensional tidal open boundary conditions of M<Subscript>2</Subscript> constituent in the Bohai and Yellow Seas

Two-dimensional tidal open boundary conditions of the M2 constituent in the Bohai and Yellow Seas(BYS) have been estimated by assimilating T/P altimeter data.During inversion,independent point(IP) strategy was used,in which several IPs on the open boundary is assumed,values at these IPs can be optimized with an adjoint method,and those at other grid points are determined by linearly interpolating the values at IPs.The reasonability and feasibility of the model are tested by ideal twin experiments.In the practical experiment(PE) after assimilation,the cost function may reach 1% or less of its initial value.Mean absolute errors in amplitude and phase can be less than 5 cm and 5°,respectively,and the obtained co-chart can show the character of the M2 constituent in the BYS.The results of the PE indicate that using only two IPs on the open boundary can yield better simulated results.