岫岩金矿控矿断裂生成定位的边界条件和机理

辽宁岫岩金矿是岩浆热液成因的石英脉型金矿床，然而矿区内的一系列石英脉体尽管其空间分布上关系密切，但其矿化程度却有显著差异。本文就这种差异的原因从区域构造应力场－岩体形态－岩石力学性质－控矿（脉）断裂的性质及时、空定位的相关上进行了深入分析探讨，认为岩体形态、岩石物理力学性质是影响断裂时、空定位和性质的主要因素，而且是控制矿化程度差异的根本因素。井由此推断，在１￣＃，２￣＃断裂带南东侧延伸的深部有望找到矿体。     

2017年我国区域性高温过程特征及异常大气环流成因分析

基于区域性高温过程综合强度指数,利用1961年1月—2017年8月全国2452个气象站的日最高气温和2017年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析2017年我国区域性高温过程的特征,并探讨2017年夏季我国第2次区域性高温事件的形成机理。2017年我国区域性高温过程呈现强度强、日数长、覆盖范围大的特点。在气候变暖的背景下,我国单次区域性高温过程最大影响范围呈极明显扩大趋势。2017年7月上中旬,强大的大陆高压控制我国北方地区,进而造成了这次影响范围广、持续时间长的高温事件。7月下旬,我国广大南方地区处于副热带高压脊的控制下,强大的下沉气流和反气旋环流,使得大气层更加稳定,最终导致高温天气的形成。     

重庆雾和霾的气候特征分析

利用1981—2014年重庆地区气象观测资料,基于气候统计法分析重庆地区雾和霾的气候特征,结果表明:重庆雾日总体呈显著减少趋势,两种雾日观测资料的倾向率分别为为-10.3 d/10a和-7.6 d/10 a;雾日的空间分布总体呈"中西部多,东南东北少,西部偏北地区多于西部偏南地区"。霾日总体趋势与雾日变化相反,呈显著上升趋势,倾向率为12.9 d/10a,并且霾日发生显著增加的时段与雾日发生显著减少的时段基本一致,2000年前后霾日经历了明显的突变;霾的分布主要呈现"以主城为中心,中西部多,东北部和东南部少"的特点。     

Analysis of the Water Environmental Capacity of Zhongba-Nyingchi Section of the Yarlung Tsangpo River

The Yarlung Tsangpo River, the longest river in Tibet, houses most of the population and economy in Tibet Autonomous province. Under the rapid development of economy and society in Tibet, the pollution in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin has rapidly increased. Evaluating water quality and water environmental capacity is needed for water resource management in Tibet. This study used a single factor evaluation method to evaluate water quality of the Zhongba-Nyingchi section of the Yarlung Tsangpo River based on measured data of COD_Cr, NH3-N and TP in the study area. Based on these data, determinations of ideal water environmental capacity, emissions of pollutants and remaining water environmental capacity of the study area were made by a one-dimensional steady water quality model under either section-head control or cross-section control. The data indicate that most of the monitoring sections in the study area experienced good water quality. The three pollutants all had large remaining water environmental capacity generally, but TP exceeded state levels in the two upstream functional areas, and levels above state standards of COD_Cr and TP were found in several calculation cells of the two downstream functional areas. Therefore, emissions of pollutants need to be reduced to protect the water environment quality of the Yarlung Tsangpo River.     

湘澧盐矿卤水50 ℃等温蒸发析盐规律研究

湘澧盐矿区位于江陵凹陷南缘,该地区卤水中溴和钾的含量都达到了工业品位。对采集的湘澧盐矿卤水样品进行了化学全分析,并对分析的结果进行了研究,查明了卤水中钾和溴等元素的富集机理;提出关于卤水综合利用的工艺路线及可行性建议。等温蒸发实验表明,整个蒸发过程中均有石盐析出,失水量达到31.23%时,芒硝开始析出;此后,石盐和芒硝共同析出。整个蒸发过程中该卤水的析盐规律为,首先析出氯化钠,再析出硫酸钠,最后析出硫酸钾。     

The nonillusory effects of neoliberalisation: Linking geographies of poverty, inequality, and violence

This paper steps into recent debates concerning the (f)utility of neoliberalism as an ‘actually existing’ concept by reminding the reader that without a Marxian political economy approach, one that specifically includes neoliberalisation as part of its theoretical edifice, we run the risk of obfuscating the reality of capitalism’s festering poverty, rising inequality, and ongoing geographies of violence as something unknowable and ‘out there’. By failing to acknowledge such nonillusory effects of neoliberalisation and refusing the explanatory power neoliberalism holds in relating similar constellations of experiences across space as a potential basis for emancipation, we precipitously ensure the prospect of a violent future.     

Public perception of climate change and disaster preparedness: Evidence from the Philippines

The Philippines is highly susceptible to both geophysical and climate-related disasters. This article explores Filipinos knowledge and perception of climate change and their association with what action Filipinos take to prepare for rapid onset natural hazards such as typhoons. Data for this study were collected from a nationally representative random survey of 5,184 adults conducted between March and April of 2017. Filipinos self-report relatively low levels of knowledge of climate change and cited increased temperatures, shifts in seasons, and heavier rains as the most likely consequences. Levels of disaster preparedness in the Philippines differ widely by region. Although most Filipinos perceive that natural hazards are a risk to them, only a third of Filipinos undertake measures to prepare for disasters. Filipinos who perceive climate-related changes directly impacting their households report taking greater action to prepare for disasters. Filipinos who believe they have been directly impacted by climate-related changes are also more likely to prepare for disasters, take planning actions, and undertake material actions to prepare, such as dwelling improvements. Other factors associated with disaster preparedness include gender, membership in an association, wealth, risk perception, and prior exposure to and losses due to disasters. The findings imply that, while posing different challenges and requiring different responses, adaptation to climate change and disaster preparedness are inherently associated and potentially mutually reinforcing. Policies and programs would arguably benefit from a more unified intervention framework that links climate change adaptation and disaster preparedness.     

冀中坳陷武清凹陷苏50井石炭-二叠纪煤系的成烃演化

基于对武清凹陷苏50井的石炭-二叠纪煤系的构造—埋藏史研究,结合磷灰石裂变径迹测试及矿物包裹体分析,运用EASY%Ro数值模拟技术,研究了苏50井石炭-二叠系烃源岩的生烃演化历史,揭示了苏50井处石炭-二叠系烃源岩曾发生过3次重要的生烃作用过程,分别发生在海西-印支期、燕山期与喜马拉雅晚期,主要生烃作用发生在喜马拉雅晚期,并指出武清凹陷是华北石炭-二叠系煤成气勘探的有利地区之一。     

渤海湾盆地新生代各坳陷沉降的时空差异性

渤海湾盆地的成因机制主要与坳陷的构造位置、边界条件及深部因素有关。各坳陷沉降的时空差异性是这种复杂性的一种表现形式。本文通过渤海湾盆地主要坳陷的沉降史和各坳陷沉降差异对比,发现时空差异具体表现在下列3方面。1)在几个主要的裂陷幕构造沉降(或总沉降)均具有越往东部沉降量越大的趋势,如孔店组和沙河街组四段裂陷主要分布在济阳坳陷、昌潍坳陷和大型断裂部位,这与新生代盆地演化的开始阶段有关,并叠加有大型断裂(如郯庐断裂)的左行走滑作用。2)构造沉降量分析表明在经历沙河街组三段沉积期的主裂陷幕后,除了沙河街组一段沉积期沉积中心往西(黄骅坳陷)迁移外,沙河街组一段至东营组沉积期总体表现为随时间向东北部递进渐变式迁移,新近纪又回迁至渤中地区。3)与该区沉降规律相异的是冀中坳陷和临清坳陷(昌潍坳陷因特殊的构造位置除外),表现为在整体沉降过程中局部挤压或抬升反转的沙河街组二段沉积期,这两者的沉降量及沉降速率反而变大,不但比同时期其它坳陷大,亦比坳陷本身的其它裂陷期大。控制各坳陷发育差异间的主要原因,一是有北东东向的新生构造发育,二是有北西西向的变换断层影响。     

The variation of soil temperature and water content of seasonal frozen soil with different vegetation coverage in the headwater region of the Yellow River, China

The variation and distribution of temperature and water moisture in the seasonal frozen soil is an important factor in the study of both the soil water cycle and heat balance within the source region of the Yellow River, especially under the different conditions of vegetation coverage. In this study, the impact of various degrees of vegetation coverage on soil water content and temperature was assessed. Soil moisture (θ _v) and soil temperature (T _s) were monitored on a daily basis. Measurements were made under different vegetation coverage (95, 70–80, 40–50 and 10%) and on both thawed and frozen soils. Contour charts of T _s and θ _v as well as a θ _v–T _s coupling model were developed in order to account for the influence of vegetation cover and the interaction between T _s and θ _v. It was observed that soil water content affected both the overall range and trend in the soil temperature. The regression analysis of θ _v versus T _s plots indicated that the soil freezing and thawing processes were significantly affected by vegetation cover changes. Vegetation coverage changes also caused variations in the θ _v–T _s interaction. The effect of soil water content on soil temperature during the freezing period was larger than during the thawing period. Moreover, the soil with higher vegetation coverage retained more water than that with lower coverage. In the process of freezing, the higher vegetation coverage reduced the rate of the reduction in the soil temperature because the thermal capacity of water is higher than that of soil. Areas with higher vegetation coverage also functioned better for the purpose of heat-insulating. This phenomenon may thus play an important role in the environmental protection and effective uses of frozen soil.