Stress state in the Cuu Long and Nam Con Son basins, offshore Vietnam

The results presented in this paper are the first published estimates of the complete stress tensor in the Cuu Long and Nam Con Son basins, offshore Vietnam. We analysed in situ stress and pore pressure fields in the sedimentary formations using data from petroleum exploration and production wells to evaluate the stress state in these basins. The data were obtained from the seafloor to 4300 m burial depth and include both hydrostatic and overpressured sections. Minimum horizontal stresses were obtained from extended leak-off tests and mini-fracture tests. Maximum horizontal stresses were estimated from drilling-induced fracture parameters and borehole breakout widths in twelve wells using rock properties measured in the laboratory or estimated empirically from wireline logs. Seven data points are located in sediments, and seventeen data points in igneous basement rocks at depths greater than 3000 m.The estimated magnitudes of σ_H are 70-110% of the σ_v magnitudes. Considering the errors in the stress magnitude estimates, their relative magnitudes suggest that a borderline normal/strike-slip stress regime presently exists in normally pressured sequences of the Nam Con Son and Cuu Long basins. Of the twenty-four data points, twenty have effective stress ratios at a critical stress state for faulting on the assumption that there are faults present that are optimally oriented for failure with friction coefficients of ∼0.5. The results suggest that the stress state in these basins is generally critical.     

An Experi mental Study on Wave-Induced Dynamic Stresses in Seabed

1 .IntroductionEvery year ,Taiwanis subjectedtotwo or three typhoonintrusions in average which always causedisasters . Most of the disasters which occur around the coastal zone are due to seabed instability andcoastal structure destruction caused bytyphoo…     

注水诱发地震的震源应力场和尾波衰减特征

利用区域性台网记录测定了任邱油田注水诱发地震的震源应力场和尾波衰减特征,结果表明地壳上层有很大水平应力,断层面解受注水井附近局部原生断层影响与华北现代应力场的优势破裂方向和错动方式有差别。地震应力降分布范围为0.2—3.0巴。平均尾波Q_0值为75,属于地壳上部沉积岩层的正常情况,发现在时间上表现出与注水量增减有关的波动。在空间上表现出震群密集区Q_0值较外围区偏低的特点     

澜沧—耿马地震震源动力学参数研究

本文使用沧澜—耿马地震主震后在震区建立的数字地震仪记录,用波谱法测算澜沧—耿马余震的震源动力学参数。就这些参数的统计特征,对该双主震型两主震区的地下介质不同状态予以讨论。     

用油田压裂资料估算应力值

本文比较了从油田压裂资料获得的应力值与专门的水压致裂应力测量结果。研究结果表明,前者的最小水平主应力可以和后者的精度相当,最大水平主应力的精度略低。以长庆油田岭261—2井1985年11月15日实际压裂记录结果和吉林油田东33—35井的压裂记录为例,提出了处理油田资料的方法,给出了相应的处理结果     

北京房山花岗闪长岩体及其附近现今应力状态分析

由本区实测原地应力资料分析认为,总体呈北东走向的八宝山、黄庄-高丽营断裂带总体活动性质为顺时针扭动。断裂带不同地段的实测应力状态各具的特征,不同于京津唐地区实测主压应力的主导方向。运用弹性理论的应力叠加原理计算出断层附近的附加应力状态,则显示了总体呈北东走向的断裂带存在张性反扭活动分量,大灰厂和牛口峪地段断层也存在同样特征。认为自唐山大震后,本区应力状态仍处于调整阶段。测得的较深部位的应力状态也似乎受到了构造活动的影响     

An Assessment of Jason-1 Microwave Radiometer Measurements and Products

In the context of the sea level survey at the mm level, it is necessary all along the lifetime of the altimeter mission to survey the quality of the products from the microwave radiometer. The calibration of the brightness temperatures has been validated using reference brightness temperatures over selected continental areas as well as simulations for a wide range of oceanic and atmospheric situations. The validation of the wet path delay is performed by comparison with radiosonde measurements and pointed out that both the JMR and the TMR estimate wet path delay around 5 mm higher than the one measured by radiosondes. Furthermore, it appeared that the correction of the TMR drift degrades the product with respect to radiosonde measurements. The monitoring of the brightness temperatures since launch shows a mean drift around +0.1 K/year for the 18.7 GHz, ?0.6 K/year for the 23.8 GHz channel, and around ?0.4 K/year for the 34 GHz channel.     

宽体沙鳅(Botia reevesae)热休克蛋白70 基因的克隆及表达分析

为深入分析热休克蛋白响应胁迫的分子机制,实验以宽体沙鳅(Botia reevesae)为研究对象,利用同源克隆和cDNA 末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE) 技术克隆得到宽体沙鳅热休克蛋白70(BR-HSP70) 的cDNA 全长。结果发现,BR-SP70 cDNA全长为2,371bp,包含1,947 bp的开放阅读框(opening reading frame,ORF),102 bp 5’-非编码区(untranslated region,UTR)和322 bp 3’-UTR等。通过序列同源性比对发现,BR-HSP70 cDNA与团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)和猪(Sus scrofa)的同源性分别为98%及83%,且ORF编码的649个氨基酸中含有HSP70家族的家族信号标签、N-糖基化位点及EEVD等能位点等保守序列。上述结果表明,本研究所获的基因为宽体沙鳅 HSP70基因。实时荧光定量PCR 分析发现,氨氮胁迫和嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)侵染均会显著上调宽体沙鳅鳃、肝脏及肾脏HSP70 mRNA的表达,表明HSP70基因在宽体沙鳅应对环境胁迫中发挥了重要的抗应激作用。     

复杂应力路径下流体饱和砂岩本构模型

高孔隙率砂岩在不同围压及被不同流体（水及油）饱和时表现出不同的应力-应变特性及不同的破坏过程。复杂应力路径下油和水饱和砂岩的力学试验表明,存在某一临界围压,随着围压的增加,饱和砂岩从以压剪破坏为主,逐渐转变为以孔隙坍塌破坏为主的破坏机制。通过力学试验结果的分析,以两种破坏理论对油和水饱和砂岩的破坏特征进行了力学解释,并应用经典塑性力学的盖帽模型建立了相应的本构模型,应用非线性有限元法进行了数值验证,研究结果表明,提出的模型与试验资料吻合良好,能较好地模拟复杂应力路径下油和水饱和砂岩的破坏机制及模拟注水采油引起的砂岩附加沉降。     

Late Cenozoic stress states around the Bolu Basin along the North Anatolian Fault, NW Turkey

This study defines the Late Cenozoic stress regimes acting around the Bolu Basin along the North Anatolian Fault in northwestern Turkey. The inferred regional stress regime, obtained from the inversion of measured fault-slip vectors as well as focal mechanism solutions, is significant and induces the right-lateral displacement of the North Anatolian Fault. The field observations have also revealed extensional structures in and around the Bolu Basin. These extensional structures can be interpreted as either a local effect of the regional transtensional stress regime or as the result of the interaction of the fault geometries of the dextral Duzce Fault and the southern escarpment of the North Anatolian Fault, bordering the Bolu Basin in the north and in the south, respectively.The inversion of slip vectors measured on fault planes indicates that a strike-slip stress regime with consistent NW- and NE-trending σ_Hmax(σ₁) and σ_Hmin(σ₃) axes is dominant. Stress ratio (R) values provided by inversion of slip vectors measured on both major and minor faults and field observations show significant variations of principal stress magnitudes within the strike-slip stress regime resulting in older transpression to younger transtension. These two stress states, producing dextral displacement along NAF, are coaxial with a consistent NE-trending σ₃ axis. The earthquake focal mechanism inversions confirm that the transtensional stress regime has continued into recent times, having identical horizontal stress axis directions, characterized by NW and NE-trending σ₁ and σ₃ axes, respectively. A locally consistent NE-trending extensional, normal faulting regime is also seen in the Bolu Basin. The stress-tensor change within the strike-slip stress regime can be explained by variations in horizontal stress magnitudes that probably occurred in Quaternary times as a result of the westward extrusion of the Anatolian block.