多星座实时导航中一种快速次优的选星方法

随着各国卫星导航系统的建设与完善,同一历元的可见卫星数目逐渐增加,如何对众多卫星进行选择以优化利用现有资源便显得迫切而重要。本文以获得满足设计要求的GDOP为前提,根据各时刻可见卫星数量的大小,选择适合的遮蔽仰角,以卫星空间构型的体积与GDOP关系为依据,引入计算几何学中解决三维点集的凸壳问题的增量算法,并结合导航卫星星座的自身特点,提出了对卫星位置坐标直接进行选择的一种快速次优的选星算法。实验结果表明,在GDOP满足要求且选星数较少的情况下,相对传统GDOP选星法大大减小了计算量,该方法简洁快速,能有效满足选星求解的实时性和精度要求。     

Experimental and numerical hydrodynamic analysis of a stepped planing hull

This work addresses the experimental and numerical study of a stepped planing hull and the related fluid dynamics phenomena typically occurring in the stepped hull in the unwetted aft body area behind the step. In the last few years, the interest in high-speed planing crafts, with low weight-to-power ratios, has been increasing significantly, and, in such context, naval architects have been orienting toward the stepped hull solution. Stepped planing hulls ensure good dynamic stability and seakeeping qualities at high speeds. This is mainly due to the reduction of the wetted area, which is caused by the flow separation occurring at the step. This paper presents the experimental results of towing tank tests in calm water on a single-step hull model, which is the first model of a new systematic series. The same flow conditions are analyzed via Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and Large Eddy Simulations (LES), with different moving mesh techniques (overset/chimera and morphing grid), performed at different model speeds. The numerical results are in accordance with experimental data, and overset/chimera grid is found to be the best approach between the analyzed ones. The flow patterns obtained numerically through LES on a refined grid appear similar to the ones observed in towing tank investigations through photographic acquisitions. These flow patterns are dominated by a rather complex 3D arrangement of vortices originating from air spillage at both sides of the step. The understanding of these phenomena is important for the effectiveness of stepped hull designs.     

Hydrodynamic assessment of planing hulls using overset grids

In conjunction with high performance computers, recent developments in computational science paved the path to more accurate representation of body motions inside fluids. Small motions inside the flow can be computationally approximated by using rigid body motion but it is incapable of accurately predicting the large motions of a planing vessel. The implementation of overset grid has made it possible to better approximate the complex fluid-structure interaction problem of the planing regime. The focus of this study was to evaluate the opportunity of using an overset grid system to numerically solve the flow around a planing hull and to understand the planing regime with this invaluable tool. It was shown in this study that the overset grid better captures the large motions of the planing hull at high Froude numbers. Then, the results obtained by overset grid were used to calculate the resistance components of a planing hull in a wide Froude number range. The resistance components were discussed with respect to values generated by Savitsky approach. Using the benefits that the computational science brings, the flow was visualized to explain some underlying physics relevant to the planing regime.     

Delaunay三角形网络逐点插入法的优化算法

Delaunay三角形网络逐点插入法虽简单易行,但效率低下。针对其效率低下原因,提出一种改进的Delaunay三角形网络逐点插入生成算法。将已知插入点X坐标大小排序,当X坐标相等时,以Y坐标大小顺序排序构建新的插入点顺序,并得到插入点坐标集合中的最大值和最小值。适当放大插入点坐标中最大值、缩小坐标最小值后,得到X、Y坐标新的两个最大值和两个最小值,用4个值构建4个临时新插入点,可以构建出Delaunay三角形网络矩形的凸壳。按照新的插入点顺序逐点插入构建三角形网络,只判断插入点与以X坐标最大的两个边界矩形顶点为顶点的三角形位置关系。生成三角形网络后删除与4个临时顶点相关的三角形,就是所需要的三角形网络。通过证明每个插入点必定落在X坐标最大的两个边界矩形顶点为顶点构成的三角形上,可以减少插入点与已生成三角形位置关系的判断次数,较大程度提高逐点插入法的效率。将新算法与常规算法计算复杂度比较,结果表明,改进的算法能提高逐点插入效率,运算量稳定,达到逐点插入法的最好水平。     

散乱离散点数据的三角形网格化快速成图

提出了一种基于三角网格的等值线成图线性插值方法。常规等值线成图都是基于矩形网格进行网格化插值的,三角网格能够更好地逼近地球物理场的形态和散乱离散点数据的边界,得到的等值线图更加光滑。通过搜索边界、三角网格化剖分、线性插值、搜索等值线、Bezier曲线光滑等值线等5个步骤,可以对任意散乱离散点数据进行快速成图。实际数据的成图结果表明:该方法插值效果好,不进行数据外推,得到的等值线图能直接反映散乱离散点数据的空间位置且成图速度快,可大大提高实际工作效率。     

凸壳原理在点群目标综合中的应用

对聚焦分布的点群，借助凸壳算法形成多层嵌套，以反映它的逐层分布特征，为点群目标的２经选取提供整体分布控制，借助ＶＯＲＯＮＩ图各个特体的区域性评价提供补充性的量化依据。综合过程分为两个子过程：凸壳层的合并和多边形折线顶点的综合。     

Multi-Objective Optimization of A Semisubmersible for Ultra-Deep Water

Semisubmersible will work well when oil exploitation goes to ultra-deep water because of its variable load capacities, and good motion performance in extreme waves. It is considered to be a main type of platform while the water depth is more than 3000 meters. This paper establishes a multi-objective optimization model of semisubmersible for ultra-deep water, and it is solved by a multi-objective genetic algorithm--NSGA-Ⅱ. The model is applied to a practical design, and Pareto results are obtained. The effectiveness of the method is verified by hydrodynamic analysis.     

The analysis of tandem hull vessel motion in waves

This paper attempts to provide a better understanding of the hydrodynamic behavior of a tandem hull form in a floating production platform application where high deck payload capacity and low wave induced motions of this vessel are primary design goals. A simplified hydrodynamic analysis and a more representative radiation and diffraction theory based hydrodynamic analysis are used for wave induced forces and motions. The analysis results are compared with model test results to deduce principal features of these special purpose hull configurations. The motion responses in different wave headings evaluated from the complicated diffraction analysis are compared and discussed in some detail.     

适用于浅海油田的高速交通艇设计

研究设计了一艘适用于浅海油田的高速交通艇，该艇采用深V线型和在侧斜螺旋浆，设有主动式减摇鳍。实船航行表明该艇具有优良的耐波性。     

基于二叉树的散乱点集快速凸包算法

在右壳树和左壳树概念的基础上,提出了基于二叉树的散乱点集快速凸包算法,它在查找每一个凸包顶点的同时,通过去除若干非凸包顶点来迅速、动态地减小散点集的规模,通常情况下能达到线性时间复杂度。算法省却了凸包顶点间连接关系的判断过程,适用于任何复杂的散点分布情况,并且简单,易于实现。