河南省淅川县毛堂金矿区花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

毛堂金矿是位于河南省"毛堂—蒲塘铜金矿带"上的一个小型金矿,矿体主要产于老田岩体的Ⅲ号岩体中,成矿作用与隐爆角砾岩和花岗斑岩关系密切。通过对与成矿有关的隐爆角砾岩和花岗斑岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得其成岩年龄分别为143.0 Ma±1.2 Ma和141.4Ma±1.5Ma,代表矿床的形成时代;对花岗斑岩进行Hf同位素测试,其εHf(t)值分布范围为-3.4～4.2,平均为1.6,显示其源区为镁铁质新生地壳。毛堂金矿形成于早白垩世,受花岗斑岩、隐爆角砾岩及其构造-裂隙控制,矿床类型属于隐爆角砾岩型金矿。     

甘肃西峰晚第三纪红粘土的化学组成及化学风化特征

通过对甘肃西峰红粘土样品的地球化学研究,发现其碳酸盐含量较高,而Si、Al、Fe等元素含量相对较低。为消除碳酸盐的影响,样品经酸溶处理后其化学组成十分均一,反映物质来源的一致性。稀土元素以及微量元素分布形式揭示出红粘土与第四纪黄土-古土壤风成成因的相似性。研究表明,红粘土的化学风化尚处于脱Ca、Na为主的早期阶段;CIA值和酸不溶物中的Na/K比及Rb/Sr比参数一致地指示了红粘土化学风化程度高于第四纪的黄土和古土壤,反映出晚第三纪以来黄土高原的气候由相对温暖湿润向第四纪逐渐变干变冷演化的总趋势。      

泰山玉玉化程度与化学成分的关系浅析

泰山玉是近年来在泰山西麓作为玉矿勘查并开发的一种蛇纹石质玉石,赋存于镁质超基性岩变质成因的蛇纹岩体中。矿区共有4个矿体,按玉化程度不同,组成矿体的蛇纹岩可分为碧玉、墨玉、未玉化蛇纹岩。通过对不同矿体和不同玉化程度的矿石进行系统采样分析,按玉化程度(碧玉、墨玉、未玉化蛇纹岩),对其主要化学成分的变化进行了系统对比,发现玉化进程中Si O_2含量与TFe和LOI含量的变化呈负相关性,即随着玉化程度的提高,Si O_2含量增加,TFe和LOI含量减少,呈现出TFe和LOI主要被Si O_2置换的特征,使蛇纹岩到玉石由不透明逐渐变得透明,颜色由灰黑—黑色变为较鲜艳的深绿、黄绿等更美丽的色彩,玉质变得更加细腻油润,玉石硬度得到提高。     

无机地球化学参数与有效烃源岩发育环境的相关研究

探索海相有效烃源岩判识指标仍是我国油气勘探中尚待解决的重要科研任务之一。古生产力及氧化还原条件是研究全球变化和海洋环境的重要内容,也是重塑有效烃源岩发育环境的主要参数。Si、Ba是古生产力的替代指标,Cd对古营养盐的反演具良好前景。过渡金属及其相关比值是缺氧环境的有效判识指标,可用其推断有机质保存条件。δ13Ccarb正偏移指示有机质埋藏量增加,是底部水体缺氧的响应。过渡金属同位素（δ65Cu、δ66Zn、δ97Mo）受生物活动及氧化还原条件的影响发生较大分馏,示踪环境变化具灵敏、高效性。将这些无机参数对古环境的示踪意义引入油气地质研究,从环境角度分析某一套地层能否发育有效烃源岩,进而探讨高演化海相有效烃源岩的判识,就更具特殊意义。     

河南商城县汤家坪钼矿辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄及地质意义

为查明商城县汤家坪大型钼矿床形成的时代,建立钼多金属矿成矿模式,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对汤家坪等3个钼矿床的7件辉钼矿样品进行了Re-Os同位素年龄测定,获得汤家坪钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(113.1±7.9)Ma,准确厘定其成矿时代为早白垩世;测得天目沟钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素模式年龄为(121.6±2.1)Ma,大银尖钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素模式年龄为(122.1±2.4)Ma,初步确定大别山钼成矿带的成矿年龄大约在(122.1±2.4)～(113.1±7.9)Ma之间。结合前人研究成果,认为大别山北麓钼成矿作用的地球动力学背景为燕山晚期大别造山带在伸展机制下岩石圈减薄,中国中东部区域构造-动力体制由近EW向构造为主向近SN向构造为主的大转换时期。     

The Effect of Stratification on the Aerodynamic Roughness Length and Displacement Height

The roughness length, z _0u , and displacement height, d _0u , characterise the resistance exerted by the roughness elements on turbulent flows and provide a conventional boundary condition for a wide range of turbulent-flow problems. Classical laboratory experiments and theories treat z _0u and d _0u as geometric parameters independent of the characteristics of the flow. In this paper, we demonstrate essential stability dependences—stronger for the roughness length (especially in stable stratification) and weaker but still pronounced for the displacement height. We develop a scaling-analysis model for these dependences and verify it against experimental data.     

Decrepitation Thermometry and Compositions of Fluid Inclusions of the Damoqujia Gold Deposit,Jiaodong Gold Province,China:Implications for Metallogeny and Exploration

The recently discovered Damoqujia (大磨曲家) gold deposit is a large shear zone-hosted gold deposit of disseminated sulphides located in the north of the Zhaoping (招平) fault zone, Jiaodong (胶东) gold province, China. In order to distinguish the temperature range of cluster inclusions from different mineralization stages and measure their compositions, 16 fluid inclusions and 5 isotopic geochemistry samples were collected for this study. Corresponding to different mineralization stages, the multirange peaks of quartz decrepitation temperature (250-270, 310-360 and 380-430℃(2) indicate that the activity of ore-forming fluids is characterized by multistage. The ore-forming fluids were predominantly of high-temperature fluid system (HTFS) by CO2-rich, and SO2-4-K type magmatic fluid during the early stage of mineralization and were subsequently affected by low-temperature fluid system (LTFS) of CH4-rich, and Cl--Na /Ca2 type meteoric fluid during the late stage of mineralization. Gold is transferred by Au-HS- complex in the HTFS, and Au-Cl- complex can be more important in the LTFS. The transition of fluids from deeper to shallow environments results in mixing between the HTFS and LTFS, which might be one of the most key reasons for gold precipitation and large-scale mineralization. The ore-forming fluids are characterized by high-temperature, strong-activity, and superimposed mineralization, so that there is a great probability of forming large and rich ore deposit in the Damoqujia gold deposit. The main bodies are preserved and extend toward deeper parts, thereby suggesting a great potential in future.     

Detection of C2HD and the D/H ratio on Titan

We report here the first detection of mono-deuterated acetylene (acetylene-d1, C₂HD) in Titan's atmosphere from the presence of two of its emission bands at 678 and 519 cm⁻¹ as observed in CIRS spectral averages of nadir and limb observations taken between July 2004 and mid-2007. By using new laboratory spectra for this molecule, we were able to derive its abundance at different locations over Titan's disk. We find the C₂HD value () to be roughly constant with latitude from the South to about 45° N and then to increase slightly in the North, as is the case for C₂H₂. Fitting the 678 cm⁻¹ν₅ band simultaneously with the nearby C₂H₂ 729 cm⁻¹ν₅ band, allows us to infer a D/H ratio in acetylene on Titan with an average of the modal values of 2.09±0.45×¹⁰⁻⁴ from the nadir observations, the uncertainties being mainly due to the vertical profile used for the fit of the acetylene band. Although still subject to significant uncertainty, this D/H ratio appears to be significantly larger than the one derived in methane from the CH₃D band (upper limit of 1.5×¹⁰⁻⁴; Bézard, B., Nixon, C.A., Kleiner, I., Jennings, D.E., 2007. Icarus, 191, 397-400; Coustenis, A., Achterberg, R., Conrath, B., Jennings, D., Marten, A., Gautier, D., Bjoraker, G., Nixon, C., Romani, P., Carlson, R., Flasar, M., Samuelson, R.E., Teanby, N., Irwin, P., Bézard, B., Orton, G., Kunde, V., Abbas, M., Courtin, R., Fouchet, Th., Hubert, A., Lellouch, E., Mondellini, J., Taylor, F.W., Vinatier, S., 2007. Icarus 189, 35-62). From the analysis of limb data we infer D/H values of (at 54° S), (at 15° S), (at 54° N) and (at 80° N), which average to a mean value of 1.63±0.27×¹⁰⁻⁴.     

江西银山矿伊利石化过程中围岩化学成分变化及其成矿意义

江西银山热液多金属矿床矿体围岩发生了强烈的伊利石化,研究这些伊利石化是认识本矿床成矿作用的关键之一。通过伊利石的化学成分和矿体围岩蚀变前后的化学成分比较等方面的研究,本文得出以下认识:银山矿矿体围岩千枚岩、英安质流纹岩和中酸性次火山岩都发生了强烈的伊利石化,矿石与蚀变千枚岩中伊利石的化学成分最为相近。银山矿矿体蚀变围岩的化学成分以K2O的含量较高、Na2O和CaO的含量都很低(平均值都在0.11%左右)为特征,矿体围岩在伊利石化过程中Ca和Na被大量带出。综合各方面的证据推测,引起强烈伊利石化的热液是以H2O+CO2为主要组份的氧化性火山-次火山热液。     

云南省鹤庆县小天井锰矿的地质特征及盆地控制

小天井锰矿是滇西地区最大的锰矿床, 产于滇西上三叠统松桂组碎屑岩建造中, 由氧化锰矿石和碳酸锰矿石组成, 矿石成份较单一。碳和氧同位素的特征揭示了成矿物源的多来源及成矿的多阶段特征。稀土配分模式属轻稀土富集型。鹤庆锰矿形成于扬子地块西缘三叠纪诺利期盐源—丽江盆地中的丽江凹陷带之内的一个次级叠加盆地。盆地和成矿作用受控于同生断裂活动。建立了成矿模式。