聚类分析法在浅海水团分析中的应用及黄、东海变性水团的分析

本文引入变性水团概念,用聚类分析确定黄、东海浅海海域变性水团的边界及其变化。根据给定的标准进行聚类,确定了水团的个数、边界及混合区。 由聚类方法所得结果看出,在该海区中有八个变性水团。根据温、盐相对指标,将这些水团分为九种不同的特征。也可以把这些水团划分为三种盐度类型。在温—盐点聚图上,不同变性水团的温盐点,分布于一条曲线附近,它体现出逐级变性的特点。各变性水团的变化范围都很大,这说明该海区中水团变性强烈。在暖季中的增温降盐和冷季中的降温增盐,可认为是整个黄海和东海水体变性的特征。所有季节性水团都经历一个形成与消亡的过程。 文中讨论了变性水团和海洋环境的相互关系。水团变性是热力因素和动力因素共同作用而产生的。通过变性水团的分析,作者认为,在该海区水团的变性中,热力因素起着主要作用。变性水团界线的舌状分布与流向之间的关系是很明显的,可作为分析环流的旁证。最后描述了变性水团和底层中心渔场之间的关系。     

Reproductive Biology of Liocarcinus puber and L holsatus (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae) from the Gower Peninsula, South Wales

Abstract. Routine monthly samples of the commercially important portunid crab Liocarcimtx puber and the sympatric but ecologically separated L. holsatus were collected from the waters and shores around the Gowcr Peninsula, South Wales, between November 1983 and September 1985.
The pubertal moult in L. puber occurred at 38 mm CW (carapace width) (females) and 42 mm CW (males). In L. holsatus this occurred at 17 mm (females) and 18.5 mm CW (males). The median size of ovigcrous females was 49.2 ± 6.7 mm CW in L. puber and 26.5 ± 2.0 mm CW in L. holsatus.
Moulting and copulation occurred between spring and autumn, the moulting period of males being earlier than that of the females. Ovigcrous L. holsatus were recorded throughout the year, with highest proportions between February and April. L. puber were ovigcrous mainly between January and March; none was recorded between September and November. The number of eggs of the wild brood (range: 39,000–280,000 for L. holsatus and 40.000–262.000 for L. puber ) was related to female body size as y = 3.099.51 c^0.1126x, r = 0.90, n = 21 and y = 6,335.98 c^0.051x, r = 0.88, n = 23, respectively, where y = number of eggs and x = carapace width (mm).
Following successful copulation, females of both species were able to spawn more than once during an intcrmoult period.     

海底浅层介质切变波的初步研究

初步分析了中国沿海海底浅层介质切变波的传播特性,讨论了多种海底浅层介质切变波与压缩波、物理力学性质之间的关系,并与Hamilton和Chen等人的结果进行了比较。认为海底浅层介质存在切变模量,切变波可以被测量出来,切变波速为50—600m·s-1,测量频率在50—200kHz之间,用波速比可以评价海底浅层介质的应力 应变性质。研究工作有助于描述和评价中国沿海海底浅层介质声学物理性状,并为最终建立中国沿海海底地声模型提供依据。     

In-Situ Observation of Fluid Mud in the North Passage of Yangtze Estuary, China

Observations of fluid mud were made in the lower North Passage of the Yangtze Estuary in February 2000, on 10 -11 August 2000, on 30 - 31 August 2000 (after two strong typhoons), on 21 - 24 August 2000 (neap tide) and on 3 -6 September 2000 (mean tide) respectively. In situ data show that the fluid mud in this area consists of fine cohesive sediment (median size 7.23 μm). The formation and movement of fluid mud varied during the neap-spring and flood-ebb tidal cycle. Observations suggest that fluid mud phenomena in this area may be categorised in a three-fold manner as slack water, storm and saltwedge features. The thickness of the fluid mud layer of slack water during the neap tide ranged from 0.2 to 0.96 m, whereas during the mean tide, the thickness ranged from 0.17 to 0.73 m, and the thickness of the fluid mud layer was larger during slack water than at the flood peak. Shoals cover an area of 800 km^2 with a water depth smaller than 5 m. Erosion of these extensive intertidal mudflats due to storm action provides an abundant sediment source. This is particularly significant in this estuary when the tidal level is lower than 5 m. The lower North Passage is a typical zone of saltwater wedging, so the saltwedge fluid mud has the most extensive spatial range in the estuary.     

南澎列岛及邻近海域地质地貌与灾害地质分析

南澎列岛及邻近海域是广东沿海灾害地质因素较集中和类型较齐全的地区之一。根据野外调查资料，简要地分析了区内地质地貌以及活动断裂、地震活动、地面沉降、滑坡、地裂和沙土液化等基本特征和分布规律，同时还对区内地质灾害进行了初步分析。     

南沙群岛海区珊瑚礁灾害性地质分析

珊瑚礁是一种特殊的岩土介质，有独特的灾害地质类型。珊瑚礁灾害地质研究是现代工程地质学的一个新课题。通过珊瑚礁的地质记录研究了内动力灾害地质类型（包括活动断裂、地震和火山活动等）、外动力灾害地质类型（包括海底槽谷与地形突变带、崩塌、滑坡、峰礁与埋藏礁、泥丘、埋藏负地貌等），同时还分析了人类活动对珊瑚礁发育的影响。     

渤黄东海混合层化演变规律的研究进展

较详细地综述了渤黄东海混合层化演变过程与规律的研究进展情况，主要包括：混合和层化过程的分布规律与季节变化特性，采用水温垂直剖面自相关函数的半经验预报模式，动力学和热力学的数值预报模式。     

广西沿岸海平面变化的关联维数研究

采用相空间重构和关联维数方法，研究了广西沿岸月平均海平面变化的分形特征，结果表明，相空间重构的延迟时间τ为3△t，当关联维数趋于饱和时，石头埠，北海和龙尾的相空间维数为7，而涠洲岛为9，它们的关联维数平均值平均值分别为6.6507,6.5414,6.7059.     

无公害刺参稳产健康养殖新技术

本文针对目前刺参养殖中存在的问题,简单明了叙述刺参无公害健康养殖一系列新技术和新方法,对推动海参养殖业持续、稳定、健康发展,起到积极作用和效果。     

Summer Arctic sea fog

I~IOXSea fog is a kind of dangerous weather. Chinese sea fog experts, Wang Binhua (1983),Hu Ruijin and Zhou Faxiu (1998) and Hu Jifu et al. (1996) studied sea fog rather Systematically. FOreign Experts also Paid great attention to sea fog. Ernlnons and Montgomery(1974), chipper (1994) and Rayrnond et al. (1989) have studied sea fog thorOUghly.HOwever, studies on Arctic sea ice have rarely been carried Out becauSe of the sever environment and less htnnan activity in the region. There …