Variation in lunar sodium exosphere measured from lunar orbiter SELENE (Kaguya)

Resonant scattering of the lunar sodium exosphere was measured from the lunar orbiter SELENE (Kaguya) from December 2008 to June 2009. Variations in line-of-sight integrated intensity measured on the night-side hemisphere of the Moon could be described as a spherical symmetric distribution of the sodium exosphere with a temperature of 2400-6000 K. Average surface density of sodium atoms in February is well above that in the other months by about 30%. A clear variation in surface density related to the Moon’s passage across the Earth’s magnetotail could not be seen, although sodium density gradually decreased (by 20±8%) during periods from the first through the last quarter of two lunar cycles. These results suggest that the supra-thermal components of the sodium exosphere are not mainly produced by classical sputtering of solar wind. The variation in sodium density (which depends on lunar-phase angle) is possibly explained by the presence of an inhomogeneous source distribution of photon-stimulated desorption (PSD) on the surface.     

多钨酸钠超声高速离心法——分离提纯微细矿物的新方法

多乌酸钠是一种无毒、无气味、易溶解、易配制、稳定性好、回收率高、使用方便安全的新型无机重液，其密度变化范围为1．0g/cm^3-3.1g/cm^3，分离缙云沸石和粘土矿土矿物取得了良好的效果。详述了多钨酸钠溶液的配制和回收，分离缙云沸石和粘土的实验流程及其应用前景。     

三辛基氧膦萃取、氟化钠反萃、荧光比色法测定天然水中微量铀

在硝酸酸化水样中。加入3％的三辛基氧膦(TOPO)-环己烷溶液萃取天然水中微量铀,然后用2％氟化钠溶液5毫升反萃取有机相中的铀。将水相蒸干制成片剂,熔融成珠球,与标准珠球系列在荧光灯下比较荧光强度,测定出铀的含量。该法灵敏度高,准确度好,操作简便、快速、成本低。可测定水样中5×10~(-8)—5×10~(-5)克/升的铀含量。     

中层顶区Na原子分布昼夜变化的模拟研究

Na原子可以作为大气动力学过程（如潮汐波、重力波等）的示踪剂，因而对Na层的探测研究成为研究中层顶区的重要手段. 本文建立了时变的中高层大气光化学模式，并与国际电离层模式 (IRI 95) 与Na层光化学理论相结合，建立完整时变的中高层大气Na层光化学模式,着重研究Na层分布的昼夜变化. 计算结果表明，在Na原子分布的峰值附近，Na层不出现大的昼夜变化，而在Na层的上部和下部，Na原子密度存在明显的昼夜变化. 这些特性与实际的观测结果比较一致.     

藻酸双酯钠片剂的薄膜包衣工艺研究

为了提高产品质量的稳定性,实验研究了采用新菲尔对藻酸双酯钠片剂进行薄膜包衣的方法,并运用正交试验确定了薄膜包衣的最佳工艺条件为：藻酸双酯钠片剂硬度为3～4kg／mm^2,包衣液浓度为11％,喷液流量为0．19kg／min,片芯水分为5．0％。采用新菲尔包制的薄膜衣片与藻酸双酯钠糖衣片相比较具有阻湿性能好,片剂增重小,工时短等优点。     

褐藻酸钠硫酸酯的抗凝血及抗血栓作用

褐藻酸钠硫酸酯是以褐藻酸为原料合成的硫酸酯钠盐系列物。首次报道该系列化合物（Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,主要是Ⅰ）的抗血栓和抗凝血作用。实验发现,褐藻酸钠硫酸酯系列物均有抗凝血作用。其作用具有浓度和磺化度依赖性。实验测定化合物Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ的抗凝效价,分别相当于肝素钠的22．5％,16．7％,11．1％和11．7％。以该化合物10mg·kg－1静脉注射能增加小鼠的出血量并能抑制大鼠实验性动脉血栓的形成。化合物Ⅰ还具有延长大鼠凝血酶原时间和抑制静脉血栓形成的作用。结果提示：褐藻酸钠硫酸酯的抗凝血与抗血栓作用的活性基团可能为该化合物上的硫酸根,具有肝素样作用。     

温度、照度和氮磷营养盐对长茎葡萄蕨藻富硒的影响

【目的】探索富硒长茎葡萄蕨藻(Caulerpalentillifera)的培养条件。【方法】以亚硒酸钠(Na_2SeO_3)为硒源,采用单因素实验,研究不同硒浓度对长茎葡萄蕨藻的生长、光合色素和硒富集量的影响,通过正交实验,找出适宜长茎葡萄蕨藻富硒的最佳温度、照度和氮磷比组合条件。【结果】在亚硒酸钠0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0mg/L条件下,随亚硒酸钠添加量增加,藻体硒质量分数(干基)从1.70μg/g增加至50.10μg/g,且各组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);亚硒酸钠添加量2.0 mg/L时,藻体硒质量分数达到11.7μg/g;添加量大于2.0 mg/L时,显著抑制藻体的生长(P<0.05),藻体叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著性降低(P<0.05);添加量低于2.0 mg/L时,藻体的生长、叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量均无显著性差异;类胡萝卜素含量各组间无明显变化。在培养液亚硒酸钠质量浓度为2.0 mg/L的条件下,藻体最适的生长条件组合是温度28℃、照度2 000 lx、氮磷比10∶1,藻体的最优富硒条件是温度24℃、照度2 000 lx、氮磷比8∶1。【结论】长茎葡萄蕨藻在开发含硒安全性功能海藻食品方面有较大应用潜力。     

Drying of Micro-Encapsulated Lactic Acid Bacteria- Effects of Trehalose and Immobilization on Cell Survival and Release Properties

Lactic acid bacteria （LAB） were encapsulated with alginate, gelatin and trehalose additives by the extrusion method and dried at 4 ℃. The microcapsules were generally spherical and had a wrinkled surface with a size of 1.7mm± 0.2mm Trehalose as a carbohydrate source in the culture medium could reduce acid production and performed no function in the positive proliferation of LAB. Using trehalose as a carbohydrate source and protective medittm simultaneously had a benefit in the protection of LAB cells during the storage at 4 ℃. The density of live LAB cells could be 10^7 CFU g^-1 after 8weeks of storage. Cells of LAB could be continuously released from the capsules from the acidic （pH 1.2） to neutral conditions （pH 6.8）. The release amounts and proliferation speeds of LAB cells in neutral medium were much larger and faster than those in acidic conditions. Additionally, nxtmobilization of LAB could improve the survival of cells when they were exposed to acidic medium （pH 1.2） with a survival rate of 76%.     

褐藻低聚糖对提高大菱鲆免疫机能的作用

研究了在养殖过程中投喂酶解制备的褐藻低聚糖对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)鱼苗免疫机能的影响,对大菱鲆鱼苗血液中的酸性磷酸酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和头肾淋巴细胞吞噬能力进行了测定。实验发现,褐藻低聚糖能够提高大菱鲆血液中酸性磷酸酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活力;头肾淋巴细胞吞噬率较对照组提高15.4%,吞噬指数则无显著差异。结果表明在大菱鲆鱼苗的养殖过程中褐藻低聚糖可作为一种非特异免疫调节剂提高大菱鲆机体的免疫能力。     

Crystallisation of sodium sulfate: supersaturation and metastable phases

Crystallisation of sodium sulfate solutions by evaporation under controlled climatic conditions has revealed the existence of crystalline hydrated sodium sulfate salts not previously reported. The sodium sulfate phase crystallising and the concentration of the solution at the point of crystallisation depends on the climatic conditions (temperature and evaporation rate). During the rehydration of the anhydrous sodium sulfate phase, thenardite, another previously unreported phase was formed prior to the nucleation of the stable phase, mirabilite Na₂SO₄ · 10H₂O. The addition of organic inhibitors changes both the crystallisation and the rehydration behavior in this system.