发挥自身优势 扩大经营 走探采一体化道路

煤炭地质勘查单位,通过几十年的艰苦奋斗,不仅为国家找出了大量的煤炭资源,同时也积累了丰富的管理、施工和技术工作经验,以及大量的地质资料。应该发挥自身优势,充分利用大量的以往地质资料,结合新的找矿理论和先进的地面勘查手段,加大人才培养和引进力度,逐步提升专业技术人员的学识和科技水平,加强基础地质工作,不断寻找新的工作靶区,把握住煤炭勘查市场的主动权。抓住机遇,做好资金积累,加强资本运做,充分利用已有探矿权,走探采一体化道路,做精做强到做大地勘单位,是生存和发展的良好出路。     

Probing the (in)compatibilities of social theory and policy relevance in Piers Blaikie’s political ecology

One of Piers Blaikie’s most important contributions to the development of political ecology is his critique of land and resource conservation policy in the global South. In this paper I trace the development of Blaikie’s ideas about the policy relevance of political ecology, focusing particularly on the challenges posed by the introduction of poststructural social theory into the field. I begin by revisiting Blaikie’s earlier critiques of environment and development policy. This will provide the departure point to explore how his thinking on the relationship of theory and policy and of academic and development practices has evolved in subsequent writings. I have invented two personas, “early Blaikie” and “late Blaikie”, to facilitate this task. Second, I want to probe some of the challenges that late Blaikie presents for doing political ecology research, to some extent by pitting early Blaikie against late Blaikie and letting them hash it out. Third, I turn to my own and others’ research and consultation experiences as a way to examine the possibilities for reconciling theoretically driven critiques with policy relevant research.     

中国大陆科学钻探现场分析与地下流体异常识别

对中国大陆科学钻探深孔中泥浆进行脱气,采用质谱仪、气相色谱仪和测氡仪在线测定He、CO2、CH4、H2、N2、O2、Ar、C2H6、C3H8、n-C4H10、H2S、CO、Rn等多种气体。在排除钻井过程、钻具磨损、泥浆性能、仪器波动、气路设计等对气体分析的严重干扰后,可以发现气体异常与岩心和地层裂隙、破裂面及构造破碎带等具有相关性。同时采用高效液相色谱分析泥浆清液,也发现了来源于地下的流体。     

Transition in place: Dynamics,possibilities, and constraints

The Transition Movement is a translocal phenomenon circulated through transnational grassroots networks. This study explores the geographies of the Transition Movement with a theoretical framework that perceives it as both a social movement and a grassroots innovation. Participant-observation of Transition Salt Lake (TSL), located in the suburban metropolis of Salt Lake City, Utah, was conducted, as the United States remains a largely understudied country in regards to this particular movement. In this pursuit, we asked: (i) how and what this transition initiative draws from geographically extensive and intensive relations, (ii) how it combines place-specific elements and generalized models (embeddedness), and (iii) how this impacts the success of the transition initiative and how these impacts (positive or negative) are generated. Place, space, and scale played a large role in defining the nature, dynamics, possibilities, and constraints of this transition initiative. Specifically, geographically intensive and extensive relations were critical for the mobilization of complementary resources. The Transition model was found to be flexible, allowing for the initiative to adopt those elements that worked in place and to focus on locally relevant topics. TSL faced many challenges identified by previous researchers regarding finances, participation, diversity, and intragroup competition. While networking with other similar groups, TSL demonstrated that fertile environments of activism are incubatory pools for grassroots innovations and social movements, and a trade-off was found with competition for resources between local groups.     

Impact cratering — fundamental process in geoscience and planetary science

Impact cratering is a geological process characterized by ultra-fast strain rates, which generates extreme shock pressure and shock temperature conditions on and just below planetary surfaces. Despite initial skepticism, this catastrophic process has now been widely accepted by geoscientists with respect to its importance in terrestrial — indeed, in planetary — evolution. About 170 impact structures have been discovered on Earth so far, and some more structures are considered to be of possible impact origin. One major extinction event, at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, has been firmly linked with catastrophic impact, but whether other important extinction events in Earth history, including the so-called “Mother of All Mass Extinctions” at the Permian-Triassic boundary, were triggered by huge impact catastrophes is still hotly debated and a subject of ongoing research. There is a beneficial side to impact events as well, as some impact structures worldwide have been shown to contain significant (in some cases, world class) ore deposits, including the gold-uranium province of the Witwatersrand basin in South Africa, the enormous Ni and PGE deposits of the Sudbury structure in Canada, as well as important hydrocarbon resources, especially in North America. Impact cratering is not a process of the past, and it is mandatory to improve knowledge of the past-impact record on Earth to better constrain the probability of such events in the future. In addition, further improvement of our understanding of the physico-chemical and geological processes fundamental to the impact cratering process is required for reliable numerical modeling of the process, and also for the correlation of impact magnitude and environmental effects. Over the last few decades, impact cratering has steadily grown into an integrated discipline comprising most disciplines of the geosciences as well as planetary science, which has created positive spin-offs including the study of paleo-environments and paleo-climatology, or the important issue of life in extreme environments. And yet, in many parts of the world, the impact process is not yet part of the geoscience curriculum, and for this reason, it deserves to be actively promoted not only as a geoscientific discipline in its own right, but also as an important life-science discipline.     

当前欧美海洋科学研究动态评析

重点介绍了当前欧美资助海洋科学研究的基本情况、优先资助领域和重要研究计划等,对欧美当前海洋科学研究的基本特点做了简要分析;并提出了我国下世纪初的海洋科学研究优先发展领域。     

国际及中国地球科学发展态势文献计量分析

以SCI、ESI（基本科学指标数据库）、GEOREF等数据库为统计分析源,对1993—2003年国际及中国地球科学的发展现状和发展态势从文献计量学的角度进行统计分析,分析了国际地球科学论文产出的主要领域、国家、机构、科学家和期刊,对中国地球科学论文产出的主要领域进行比较分析,并通过论文产出、被引频次、篇均被引频次和国际1%顶尖论文数量对比反映中国的科学影响力。结果表明,国际环境科学和生态学研究论文增长很快,占地球科学相关主题领域论文的比例也比较大,但中国生态学研究论文无论从占国内22个学科论文产出的比例,还是从占全球该领域的比例来说都有较大差距;中国地质科学领域研究重点在地球化学、金属矿产和能源的经济地质学,但在环境地质学领域研究相对较少,而国际上环境地质学研究论文的发展已经大大高于传统的地质学论文。     

关于建立矿物科学与工程学科的一点思考

矿物学经过500多年的发展,已由地质学的一个分支学科,发展成地球科学、材料科学、环境科学、物理学和化学等众多学科的交叉学科,具备了一级学科的特点和条件。因此,作者提出建立矿物科学与工程一级学科的建议,并给出了矿物科学与工程的定义:研究矿物(包括天然和人工矿物)的成分与结构、性质与性能、鉴定与分类、形成与演化、应用理论与技术以及它们之间相互关系和规律的一门学科。对矿物科学与工程学科定义的基本内涵、学科的研究内容以及分支学科组成等进行了讨论。     

地质学领域科研人员参与科普：现状调查与促进建议

地质学领域科研人员参与科普对地质学科发展、科普高质量发展和经济社会发展有着重要的推动作用。调查结果显示,大多数地质学领域科研人员认可科普的作用和意义,愿意积极参与科普活动。然而,保障力度不够、传播渠道不畅、科普内容不深入、科普能力不均衡问题相对突出。增强地质科研单位科普责任意识,强化相关科协和学会的职能,加强晋升激励、奖酬激励及考核激励体系建设,加大地质科普技能培训和经验交流,引导地质科研人员提升科普能力,是促进地质学领域科研人员参与科普的关键。     

Ethnic coexistence in a pluralistic campus environment

In Malaysia, ethnic segregation seems to have grown more and more pronounced at all levels of education, which may have in the main contributed to increasing occupational segregation by ethnicity when the graduates left to join the job market. Such trends may be disturbing given the effort the country has put in to promote interethnic understanding and reduce interethnic economic disparity since 1970. By critically investigating the dynamics of ethnic coexistence in the microcosm of the university campus environment, this paper provides statistical evidence to show how far the country has progressed in terms of ethnic relations since the watershed events of May 13, 1969; to what extent Malaysian multiethnic society is different now compared to the unmistakable racial “corporateness” and interethnic “separateness” that Furnivall observed in his classic study of 1948; and in what ways ethnic relations have been reshaped by three decades of affirmative action policies and the form of ethnic democracy adapted for this unique society.