中阿尔金南缘志留纪高压泥质片麻岩的发现及其构造地质意义

在中阿尔金南缘西段尤努斯萨依北部原划长城系巴什库尔干岩群中首次发现一套高压泥质片麻岩。根据岩相学观察和矿物化学成分可识别出其四期矿物共生组合:早期为石榴子石+多硅白云母+单斜辉石(?)+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第二期为石榴子石+蓝晶石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第三期为石榴子石+夕线石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;晚期为石榴子石+夕线石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+钛铁矿。依据矿物内部一致性热力学数据,基于THERMOCALC 3. 40程序平台,计算出P-T视剖面图,并结合矿物等值线、矿物对温压计等计算,依次确定四期变质温压条件为15. 8～18. 3kbar/646～729℃、10. 30～12. 30kbar/781～821℃、8. 50～9. 60kbar/812～838℃和4. 65～5. 70kbar/698～725℃。上述四期变质阶段共同构成一个早期降压升温后降压降温的顺时针型演化的P-T轨迹,指示出与陆壳俯冲-折返相关的变质地质事件。利用LA-ICP-MS进行的锆石原位微区U-Pb定年和微量元素分析结果表明,该岩石记录了432. 0±2. 7Ma、401. 4±2. 5Ma和381. 1±2. 4Ma三期变质年龄,可能分别代表了该岩石早期高压、中期高压麻粒岩相-麻粒岩相和后期角闪岩相变质阶段的时代。该高压岩石出露于中阿尔金地块西段南缘长城系巴什库尔干岩群之中,与南侧以断裂带分隔的赋存于阿尔金岩群之中的南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石出露的构造位置明显不同,其峰期变质时代(～432Ma)亦明显不同于南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石的峰期变质时代(～500Ma)。因此,该高压岩石与南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石显然不能构成同一条变质岩带。结合区域地质背景和前人关于柴北缘陆壳属性高压-超高压岩石峰期变质时代(～430Ma)的研究成果综合分析,本文初步认为该高压岩石可能是柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩带的西延或是被中新生代以来阿尔金复杂多期次走滑断裂系迁移而就位于中阿尔金南缘的部分柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩片/岩块。     

滇东曲靖地区志留纪四射珊瑚的动物群特征及地层时代讨论

本文着重从四射珊瑚动物群的角度讨论了滇东曲靖地区志留系的地层划分及对比问题。并提出曲靖地区的中、晚志留世具有4个珊瑚化石组合。对部分四射珊瑚属种（其中包括9个新种,4个相似种和一个未定属种）进行了描述。     

川西北早志留世陆源碎屑──碳酸盐混积缓坡

研究区位于扬子地块西北缘，由一套巨厚的页岩、泥岩层夹生物礁及透镜状和不规则层状风暴生屑灰岩、瘤状灰岩组成。根据区内特征的岩石类型及其组合、分布和相应的化石生态，作者认为本区兰多维列期至早温洛克期时为一典型的陆源碎屑－－碳酸盐混积均斜缓坡，并且从浅到深划分为滨岸、浅缓坡、深缓坡及盆地等亚环境。滨岸区位于潮间带，以潮坪碳酸盐岩为代表；浅缓坡位于浪基面至风暴浪基面之间，岩性组合为Ａ、Ｂ类风暴岩，Ａ、Ｂ类瘤状灰岩、生物礁灰岩及粘结岩；深缓坡位于风暴浪基面至最大风暴浪基面之间，岩性以Ｄ、Ｅ类风暴岩、Ｃ类瘤状灰岩及泥页岩组合为特征；盆地处于最大风暴浪基面之下，为黑色泥页岩沉积。结合早志留世时全球冰川作用，文中讨论了海平面变化的原因及对环境的影响。     

塔里木盆地西北缘中奥陶统、下志留统的空间分布特征及其相变的遥感分析

根据塔里木盆地西北缘中奥陶统和下志留统各组岩石的光谱特征分析，选择了ＴＭ３/１（Ｙ）２/３（Ｍ）７/５（Ｃ）减色比值合成影像对研究区岩石地层层序进行划分和对比，划分出Ｏ1₂、Ｏ2₂、Ｏ3₂、Ｓ1₁和Ｓ2₁等５个影像岩石地层单元，它们与研究区的岩性组一致，但其精度高于研究区１:２０万地质图。通过影像岩石地层的对比研究发现，研究区西部皮羌断裂以西在中奥陶世几乎未接受沉积，皮羌断裂以东出现了坎岭组，再往东至研究区东部，中奥陶统沉积较全；早志留世早期研究区西部沉积了海相红层，往研究区东部则相变为海相绿色地层。尤其是通过ＴＭ比值图像的分析，发现前人认为分布很局限，但具有很大生油潜力的印干组在研究区分布范围较广，并推断其沉积中心位于与研究区相邻的塔北隆起和北部坳陷一带。这为塔里木盆地油气评价和勘探提供了新的资料，并表明ＴＭ遥感数据的应用是沉积盆地油气勘探研究中的一种很有潜力技术方法。     

鄂西渝东区志留系流体封存箱的演化与天然气成藏

因鄂西渝东区志留系勘探程度甚低,长期以来志留系一直被视为烃源层或盖层.随着建深1井在志留系钻获高压工业气流,曾经的"思维定式"发生了改变.通过对志留系油气成藏条件及碳、氧、锶稳定同位素追踪流体行为轨迹的分析认为,该区志留系具有自源供烃的特点以及流体相对封闭的独特性,这是形成志留系下统龙马溪组、小河坝组以及志留系中统韩家...     

Upright crinoids of the Thornton Reef,Wenlock (Silurian) of Illinois,USA

The rare preservation of columns perpendicular to bedding may provide convincing evidence that ancient crinoids adopted an upright attitude during life. However, taphonomic and sedimentological analyses are important in determining whether such occurrences are truly in situ or represent unusual allochthonous accumulations. The Crinoid Biosome of the Thornton Reef Complex, Silurian of Illinois, USA, includes pluricolumnals preserved perpendicular to bedding, in association with more common specimens parallel or angled to bedding. Upright pluricolumnals are relatively shorter (<150 mm) than the longest non-upright specimens; they sometimes occur as imbricate accumulations and lack attachment structures (although these are preserved separately). Brachiopod valves and colonial corals may also be preserved perpendicular to bedding. These features suggest that the Thornton beds were formed as viscous mass flow deposits and that the upright crinoid columns are allochthonous or, at best, parautochthonous. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Study of Pyrolysis Kinetics of Asphaltenes in Silurian Oilsands in the Tarim Basin

It is a special petroleum geological phenomenon that Silurian oilsands are extensively distributed in the central and northeast Tarim basin. Some geochemical studies of the oilsands have been carried out, but there is still great controversy over the hydrocarbon-regenerating potential of oilsands and the possibility of Silurian oilsands as hydrocarbon source rocks. In this study, the kinetics of asphaltenes pyrolysis was directly used to simulate the potential of Silurian oilsands for regenerating hydrocarbons. According to the experimental results, combined with other related organic geochemical analysis, it is considered that Silurian oilsands in the Tarim basin have a high hydrocarbon-regenerating potential and are latent hydrocarbon source rocks.     

东昆仑卡尔却卡地区中志留世A型花岗岩岩石成因及构造环境

东昆仑造山带西部卡尔却卡地区出露大量似斑状二长花岗岩,对其展开岩相特征、锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学研究,结果显示,似斑状二长花岗岩年龄为425±2.3 Ma,表明其形成于中志留世。岩石具有高SiO2（69.0%~71.2%）和K2O（4.3%~5.54 %）含量,富集大离子亲石元素（Rb、K、Th和U）,亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta和Ti）,强烈的负Eu异常（Eu/Eu*=0.40~0.51）特征。岩石较低的Cr、Ni含量（Cr=13.81×10-6~32.9×10-6,Ni=5.48×106~12.05×10-6）、低的Ce/Pb（2.01~4.19）和Nb/U（4.1~7.57）值,表明该岩体来自上地壳的部分熔融。岩体高10000Ga/Al值（3.22~3.42）、Zr+Nb+Ce+Y元素含量（459×10-6~656×10-6）和锆石饱和温度（827~881℃）,表明其为A型花岗岩。构造图解和高的Y/Nb值（2.93~3.15）指示,该岩体为A2型花岗岩,形成于碰撞后伸展背景。结合区域岩浆岩的时空分布,表明东昆仑造山带从中志留世开始进入碰撞后伸展阶段。     

Geodynamic setting,structure, and composition of continuous trachybasalt-trachyandesite-rhyolite series in the north of Altai-Sayan area: the role of crust-mantle interaction in continental magma formation

The geologic positions and geochemical and isotope parameters of the Ordovician-early Silurian and Early-Middle Devonian continuous volcanic series of the Minusa basin and its mountainous framing are compared. Both series are composed mostly of moderately alkaline rocks with variations in SiO₂ contents from 45 to 77 wt.%. The Ordovician-early Silurian series differs from the Early-Middle Devonian one in lower contents of TiO₂ (< 1.7 wt.%) and Fe₂O_3tot and higher contents of Al₂O₃ in all rock varieties and in the more fractionated REE patterns of trachybasalts. The compositions of both series reflect two simultaneous mechanisms of magma evolution. The main process was fractional crystallization leading to the formation of rocks from trachybasalts to trachyrhyodacites. The accessory mechanism was the contamination of fractionated melts by crustal material, anatectic melting of crust, and mixing of deep-seated magmas with crustal melts. These processes had specifics at each stage and were controlled by the composition of the sources of parental melts. Their geochemical and isotopic parameters (high alkalinity, high contents of lithophile elements, negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, and Ti, and enrichment in radiogenic Sr) point to the interaction of mantle plumes with the lithospheric mantle that was metasomatically transformed during the preceding Vendian-early Cambrian subduction processes.