漳州新城大厦基础方案选择研究

根据拟建的新城大厦场地的工程地质条件和建筑物特点，通过预制桩、冲钻孔灌注桩等桩型的施工可行性、单桩承载力、经济效益等因素的对比分析，选择静压预制桩为拟建建筑物的基础，并综合分析岩土体工程性质后给出了桩基的设计参数。     

Seismic events with non-shear component: I. Shallow earthquakes with a possible tensile source component

The concept of seismicity of fast tensile fracturing is introduced and supported by the results of shear and of combined shear and tensile displacements along a loaded stress concentrator. The seismicity of tensile fracturing is demonstrated by means of acoustic (elastic) signals obtained during tensile fracturing in physical models under load; the basic physical relations between the parameters characterizing the loaded medium, load conditions, shear and tensile displacements, and release of acoustic energy are presented. For determining the tensile-source component in earthquakes a procedure based on the construction of radiation patterns is suggested and submitted for discussion. The criteria for selecting earthquakes with possible shear-tensile source mechanisms are listed and discussed. The existence of such a combined seismic source is sought in two shallow earthquakes which occurred in southern Iran in March 1977. In general, the paper should be regarded as a proposal to utilize the radiation characteristics of a seismic source—with all their insufficiencies—as a quick and simple tool for seeking combined shear and tensile mechanisms of seismic energy release.     

合肥市地壳浅部三维速度结构及城市沉积环境初探

合肥市位于合肥盆地东南缘,东侧紧邻郯庐断裂带,多条大型隐伏断裂穿过市区.为进一步认识合肥城市下方隐伏断裂的空间展布、性质,以及城市复杂的沉积环境,本文利用布设在合肥市区的58套三分量短周期地震仪组成的台阵,获得了37天的三分量连续波形数据,通过基于射线追踪的面波走时直接成像方法反演得到了合肥市地壳浅部0.6~3.6 km的三维剪切波速度结构,速度结构图像展现了地壳浅部的横向不均匀性和纵向成层性,揭示出NNE、NWW和近EW三组不同走向的隐伏断裂在城市地下浅部的构造特征.取得以下认识：（1）合肥市南、北方向在浅地表（2 km以内）存在显著速度差异,速度分界线位置与已知的近EW向的蜀山断裂一致,断裂南侧呈现低速凹陷,北侧则为高速隆起.低速中心深度达2~3 km,速度异常与该断裂在合肥盆地东部演化过程中的构造反转沉积了不同地层有关;（2）合肥市区存在明显的高速异常带,其走向、位置与穿过该区域的郯庐断裂带西支主干断裂相符,其中五河—合肥断裂在市区北部以东呈现低速凹陷特征,低速区范围与肥东凹陷晚白垩纪以来的沉积构造边界一致,认为肥东凹陷的最大沉积厚度可达2 km以上;（3）合肥市中心跨郯庐断裂带西支主干断裂之间呈现明显的凹、隆相间的复杂构造,推测其是在多组断裂的共同拉伸作用下形成的小型沉积盆地,沉积中心位于郯庐断裂带内部,最大厚度可达3~4 km.由于其展布方向在不同深度与该区域断裂的走向具有明显的相关性,推测不同深度的沉积形态与郯庐断裂带在不同时期的构造演化过程有关.     

地震震源深度分布模型的统计研究

选取1970年以来现代仪器记录到的含有深度信息，定位精度为1，2类的 浅源地震（深度小于70km)资料作为统计样本，以华北地震区，华中地震区，华南地震区，新疆地震区和青藏高原地震区为统计单元，分析研究浅源地震随深度的分布特征，以便进一步提高地震危险性分析的可靠性。考虑到不同震级大小的地震在震源深度分布上的特征及能有所不同，我们采用了以下震级分档区间：Ms=2.0-2.9,Ms=3.0-3.9,Ms=4.0-4.9,Ms=5.0-5.9,Ms=6.0-6.9，对于不同大小的地震分别进行分析。结果表明，地震震源深度的分布基本上围绕着地震区震源深度平均值呈正态分布。西部地区地震的深度概率分布曲线的均方差σ比东部地区的大，也就是说西部地区的地震在深度空间上有更大的分布范围。震源深度均值大体上也有随震级增大而增大的趋势。     

地学数据库的数学基础

地学数据库的数学基础是统一且分散建立和使用地学数据库的基础,是建立大中型地学信息系统的前提。本文提出了对该数学基础及与之紧密相关的入库变换方法的必须要求,提出了大、中、小3类实用建制方案和相应方法。它们是相互衔接且统一的。     

SEISMOTECTONIC BACKGROUND AND RECURRENCE INTERVAL OF GREAT EARTHQUAKES IN 1679 SANHE- PINGGU M = 8 EARTHQUAKE AREA

Basined on comprehensive prospecting and investigation, the authors have ascertained that the 1679 San-he-Pinggu M = 8 earthquake occurred in the intersection region of active faults having deep-seated structural background. The NE-trending New Xiadian Fault, which was characterized by dextrall tensile-shear dislocation, was the seismogenic fault of the 1679 M = 8 earthquake. It is suggested that the macroscopic epicenter of the earthquake should be located in Pangezhuang area, where the vertical displacement of seismic faul' was up to 3.16m. According to the average seismic slip rate in this area, and the displacement value of earthequake with a certain magnitude, the recurrence interval of M = 7.5, M=7.0 and M = 8.5 earthquakes in the magistoseismic area of 1679 M = 8 earthquake on Xiadian Fault Zone have been estimated to be 3800,1750, and 800 years (the lower limit), respectively     

Slope failures in the Ochil Hills,Scotland, November 1984

Intense rainfall in November 1984 caused several slope failures on the steep slopes of the Ochil Hills. Each failure was of soil and till, no more than 2 m thick over bedrock, in a steep bowl. From 30–350 m³ of sediment was removed. Failure seems to have been by shallow sliding triggered by saturation, but each slide became a debris flow, the largest one (Menstrie) filling a house with mud which was at twice the liquid limit two days after the event. The storm which caused the failures had an estimated recurrence interval of 50 years but the frequency of heavy rain is increasing and similar failures occurred nearby the following year.     

浅海浮力平流效应

浮力平流直接影响着海洋内部的湍流混合过程，制约着海洋热盐结构的形成和变化。这一过程在浅海，尤其在象渤黄海那样具有较强浮力平流的中国大陆沿岸带海区，是十分重要的。本文主要讨论浅海浮力平流对温跃层和海洋锋的影响，从理论上导出在浮力平流效应作用下期混合锋的公式，并以南黄海为例进行了计算，计算结果是令人满意的。     

High-temperature emplacement and liquefaction of shallow-water caldera-forming eruption products: Early Miocene Tateyamazaki Dacite in the Oga Peninsula, NE Japan

The Early Miocene Tateyamazaki Dacite infills a 3.2 km diameter caldera. It comprises poorly sorted, massive, biotite-bearing dacite pumice lapilli tuff, in which huge blocks of densely welded dacite lapilli tuff, basaltic andesite lava, and other lithologies are commonly set. Dense blocks are variably cracked and intruded by the host lapilli tuff. Sparse blocks of bedded lapilli tuff and tuff are variably disaggregated to intermingle with the host rocks or are plastically deformed into irregular shapes. Rootless tuff veins millimeters to 30 cm thick are developed within the host rocks, mainly dipping at 10–30°, and are locally branched and mutually cut to form a network. Where thicker, they are stratified and locally carry accidental fragments. Accidental lapilli up to 2 or 3 cm wide and 30 cm long are locally set in near-vertical and variably sinuous arrays. Although poorly defined they are reminiscent of fluid escape structures. The host pumice lapilli tuff, however, retains in part a thermal remnant magnetization (TRM) vector stable at temperatures above 280 °C. Blocks in the caldera fill also retain TRM but the vectors are rotated significantly from those of the host pumice lapilli tuff and the adjacent volcanic rocks. Tateyamazaki Dacite is thus likely to have been emplaced at high temperatures, and intermingled with shattered basement rocks and ambient water to be partly liquefied within the caldera immediately after or during the caldera-forming eruption.