Organic matter of the Mulhouse Basin, France: a synthesis

The lower Oligocene evaporite sequence of the Mulhouse Basin (France) contains organic matter-rich marl deposits. These marls display an overall cyclic variation of sedimentation rate, organic carbon content, hydrogen index and selected molecular parameters over a 30 m thick stratigraphic interval. The integration of all sedimentological and geochemical parameters has allowed the reconstruction and characterization of the paleoenvironment of deposition. The marls were deposited in a perennial lake that was at times connected to the sea. Two organic facies end members could be assigned to a lake stage with a marine connection and a lake stage that received dominantly continental water input. The overall stratigraphic variation in the organic matter content is interpreted to reflect the adaptation of the Oligocene flora to the changing paleoclimate and environmental conditions.     

Jurassic Brachiopods and Paleogeography of North Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

This paper deals with Jurassic brachiopods from North Tibet and SouthQinghai and the stratigraphical subdivision there.Based on faunas andstrata,a general outline of the palaeogeographical evolution has been traced outalong the line of plate-tectonic movements.In this paper,10 species of 8 gen-era are described,among which the species Lacunosella rhombica,Pentithyrisvulgaris,Tanyothyris appositus,Apatecosia navicularis and Flabellothyris sp.nov.have been recognized as new.     

Diatomeen-, pollen- und sedimentmikrostratigraphische Untersuchungen zur anthropogenen Beeinflussung des Höllerer Sees (Oberösterreich)

A profundal sediment core from Höllerer See frozen in situ was studied by means of diatom, microstratigraphical tape peel and pollen analyses. Varved sequences reflect eutrophication during mediaeval settlement and according to varve counts a recent eutrophic phase since the 1970's. Mesotrophication in-between coincides with regrowth of forests near the lake.

     

内陆表海聚煤盆地的曾想到处分析

在华北石炭二叠纪内陆表海聚煤盆地，海侵的突发性和事件性，泥炭沼泽化的广泛性和等时性，是划分其层序内部构成单元的良好界面。研究表明，华北石炭二叠纪内陆表海聚煤盆地的层序结构为“二元结构型”，即“海侵－高位”，缺少低位体系域。海侵体系域由１～２个小层序构成，而高位体系域由小层序构成。体系域恰与小层序组对应，海侵小层序组表现为弱退积－加积型，而高位体系域则表现为弱进积－加积型。小层序为高精度的岩相古地理编图单位，它为解析层序格架和煤聚积规律提供了最可靠的依据。     

Some chemical structural features of coals of differing maceral distributions and stratigraphy

Six North American bituminous coals (four Carboniferous and two Cretaceous) and eight maceral concentrates from Carboniferous British seams have been heated with tetralin and hydrogen to 400°C. The hexane-soluble parts of the products were separated by column chromatography and the fractions were then analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In all cases the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction was a very complex mixture containing a number of alkylated biphenyls, diphenylmethanes and -ethanes, and polycyclic compounds. However single ioncchromatography (m/z = 142) showed that, in addition to these, the products from five of the six American coals contained homologous series of long chain n-alkylnapththalenes with alkyl groups extending to C₁₆. In other fractions from the American coals, homologous series of n-alkylfurans and alkylphenols were found to be major components, as also were many alkylcyclohexenones related to isophorone. Extensive homologous series of n-alkyl aromatics were not detected in products from any of six vitrinites from British seams, though series of n- and iso-alkylphenols were found in the products from two sporinite concentrates. A number of polycyclic ketones apparently related to sterols were found in the products from the British vitrinites but not from any American coals. Reasons for what appear to be systematic structural differences between the American and British coals are discussed. Differences in stratigraphy are noted and it seems not impossible that differences in source vegetation are significant.     

Contemporary and palaeo channel patterns and the late quaternary stratigraphy of Cooper Creek,Southwest Queensland,Australia

Braided and anastomosing channels make up two major coexistent networks in the mud-dominated fluvial system of Cooper Creek, Southwest Queensland. The floodplain is characterized by a system of mud braids operative when floods inundate the whole alluvial surface. Anastomosing channels are inset deeper into the floodplain, operate at modern flows, and transport a traction load of sand. Shallow stratigraphic data show that an underlying sand sheet is unrelated to surface channel patterns and was formed by a system of meandering streams. According to preliminary dates based on thermoluminescence, the change from a sand- to mud-dominated fluvial regime took place between 50 000 and 200 000 years B.P., and probably reflects increasing aridity.     

凝缩段的地质意义和作用

凝缩段是层序地层学中很重要的标志层，它虽然岩性单调，但引人注目，是沉积作用极不活跃的产物，而这种不活跃有利于金属矿质缓慢聚集和沉淀，因而它与成矿作用密不可分。在地质学上具广泛作用，是指示古板块、层序地层、地层划分与对比、岩相等方面的良好标志。     

全球旋回地层学

全球旋回地层学是指在对全球沉积岩进行综合系统研究之基础上，通过估算沉积盆地中源于物源区的沉积物类型和沉积环境条件变化，来预测地层学特征的一种过程一结果模型。其研究内容包括对全球地质演化时期全球海平面变化、全球气候条件、全球构造运动、全球古地理背景、全球沉积环境特征、全球古生物事件及全球矿产形成过程进行动态模拟，强调古气候在地质记录中的意义，注重沉积记录的全球同时性研究；强调各种事件在沉积作用中的意     

露头层序地层研究中的几个基本问题

以豫西中－新元古界为例，探讨目前露头层序地层学研究中存在的几个重要的问题。认为地层堆积类型转换面及沉积相序向上突然变浅的间断面是层序界面的间接标志。深切谷并非存在于所有的Ｉ类层序界面，其产生与否主要取决于河流均衡剖面的坡度与暴露和海底地形的坡度差。此外，在露头研究中，副层序应该以沉积相序的演变及海泛面作为划分和鉴别的主要标志。