Sliding mode fuzzy control: Theory and verification on a benchmark structure

A sliding mode fuzzy control (SMFC) algorithm is presented for vibration reduction of large structures. The rule base of the fuzzy inference engine is constructed based on the sliding mode control, which is one of the non‐linear control algorithms. In general, fuzziness of the controller makes the control system robust against the uncertainties in the system parameters and the input excitation, and the non‐linearity of the control rule makes the controller more effective than linear controllers. For verification of the present algorithm, a numerical study is carried out on the benchmark problem initiated by the ASCE Committee on Structural Control. To achieve a high level of realism, various aspects are considered such as actuator–structure interaction, sensor noise, actuator time delay, precision of the A/D and D/A converters, magnitude of control force, and order of control model. Performance of the SMFC is examined in comparison with those of other control algorithms such as H_{mixed 2/∞}, optimal polynomial control, neural networks control, and SMC, which were reported by other researchers. The results indicate that the present SMFC is efficient and attractive, since the vibration responses of the structure can be reduced very effectively and the design procedure is simple and convenient. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

塔里木盆地下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组沉积体系及沉积模式

通过对塔里木盆地众多野外剖面详细观测及钻井岩心的详细观察,研究区下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组主要沉积一套以砂、泥岩为主的碎屑岩,根据岩性特征、生物标志和地球物理特征,将塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组划分为滨岸和陆棚沉积体系,滨岸沉积体系进一步划分为无障壁海岸和有障壁潮坪沉积,陆棚沉积体系以浅水陆棚沉积为特征,并就各微相的岩石类型、粒度分布和沉积构造特征进行了详细的研究。在此基础上,分析了塔塔埃尔塔格沉积期的平面展布特征,总体格局为南北向分带,东西向展布为特征。同时建立了塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组滨岸、潮坪和滨岸－潮坪的沉积模式,在研究区以滨岸－潮坪的沉积模式为主。     

公路资产数据库的设计与可视化研究

公路资产包括基础设施及其附属设施等有形资产和相关的设备资源、人力调配等无形资产两部分。实现公路资产的数字化管理是数字交通、智慧交通的基础。本文以辽宁某县为实验区,研究提出了公路资产数据的分类体系及数据标准,基于地理信息系统(GIS)技术构建了公路资产数据库,实现了公路资产数据的可视化表达与管理,为该县公路的信息化管理奠定了坚实的地理空间数据基础,具有推广应用价值。     

非差非组合电离层加权PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型

PPP-RTK是一种可实现快速模糊度固定的精密单点定位（PPP）技术,它的组成包括由多个接收机构成的网端用于生成各类精密改正产品,以及单站构成的用户端以实现快速高精度定位.当网端是中等尺度参考网,即参考站之间的站间距在百余公里,有必要引入电离层加权模型,其优势在于能够增强PPP-RTK函数模型.此外,从非差非组合观测值层面出发,其能够兼容单/双频用户.然而,单凭卫星导航定位技术很难在复杂环境下提供连续导航定位服务.本文从理论到应用,基于非差非组合电离层加权PPP-RTK模型,构建了单/双频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型.在距离最近参考站约70 km的区域进行了两次车载实验,并分别利用单/双频PPP-RTK以及PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型的实时处理结果进行分析.结果表明,双频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合在半城市环境能从分米级定位提升至厘米级定位,重收敛时间从11 s提升至3.6 s.以水平偏差小于0.2 m评估定位可用率,双频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型在半城市环境和复杂城市环境中分别可实现100%和96.97%.考虑车道级定位,单频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型在半城市和复杂城市环境内分别可实现分米以及亚米级定位,其在水平偏差在0.5 m内的可用率分别为98.97%和76.1%.

     

关于推行岩土工程专业体制的思考与实例

岩土工程专业体制的核心内涵,是强调岩土工程勘查,设计,施工,监测,监理５个环节的整体和统一性。岩土工程师,不仅要为建设工程设计提供地质资料,而且还要积极参与或争取主持整个岩土工程项目的设计与施工,本文以实例阐明了其可能性与必要性。     

中尺度模式中不同对流参数化方案的比较试验

MM5模式中有多种积云参数化方案可供选择,粗细网格采用不同的积云参数化方案对降水预报有一定的影响。采用常用的四种积云参数化方案,粗细网格进行不同配置,对辽东半岛大暴雨过程进行试验发现：细网格信息可以通过嵌套边界向外层传递,影响外层预报结果。细网格选取GR方案比选取AK、BM、KF方案模拟效果好很多;细网格参数化方案不变,粗网格取不同的参数化方案,对细网格的模拟结果差别不大。但选取一个好的参数化方案对细网格的模拟结果会稍有改进。     

Sensitivity of GPS and GLONASS orbits with respect to resonant geopotential parameters

The Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) has been involved in the processing of combined GPS/GLONASS data during the International GLONASS Experiment (IGEX). The resulting precise orbits were analyzed using the program SORBDT. Introducing one satellites positions as pseudo-observations, the program is capable of fitting orbital arcs through these positions using an orbit improvement procedure based on the numerical integration of the satellites orbit and its partial derivative with respect to the orbit parameters. For this study, the program was enhanced to estimate selected parameters of the Earths gravity field. The orbital periods of the GPS satellites are —in contrast to those of the GLONASS satellites – 2:1 commensurable (P _Sid:P _GPS) with the rotation period of the Earth. Therefore, resonance effects of the satellite motion with terms of the geopotential occur and they influence the estimation of these parameters. A sensitivity study of the GPS and GLONASS orbits with respect to the geopotential coefficients reveals that the correlations between different geopotential coefficients and the correlations of geopotential coefficients with other orbit parameters, in particular with solar radiation pressure parameters, are the crucial issues in this context. The estimation of the resonant geopotential terms is, in the case of GPS, hindered by correlations with the simultaneously estimated radiation pressure parameters. In the GLONASS case, arc lengths of several days allow the decorrelation of the two parameter types. The formal errors of the estimates based on the GLONASS orbits are a factor of 5 to 10 smaller for all resonant terms. AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all the organizations involved in the IGS and the IGEX campaign, in particular those operating an IGS or IGEX observation site and providing the indispensable data for precise orbit determination.     

城市基础地理信息系统中大比例尺地形图分幅与编号

结合城市基础地理信息系统的特点和要求,在原有的地图分幅与编号方法的基础上,提出了一种新的城市基础地理信息系统的地图分幅与编号方法即数字编码法。详细介绍了该方法的规则、特点及其在计算机上的实现。     

地心非旋转坐标系中的TWSTT计算模型

根据卫星双向时间传递(TWSTT)的基本原理，详细推导了地心非旋转坐标系中TWSTT的计算模型．并与地固系中的计算模型进行了分析比较，证明了两种计算模型在0．1ns亚纳秒量级上的等价性。     

河流-三角洲体系微相控烃及机理研究:以珠江口盆地恩平组煤系烃源岩为例

河流-三角洲体系煤系烃源岩是重要的油气来源,传统的研究方法主要为单井点分析,对研究区的勘探程度和资料情况的依赖性大,而且认识滞后于勘探,很难在油气勘探和有利生烃洼陷的预测中发挥作用.对珠江口盆地恩平组煤系烃源岩进行系统研究,揭示煤系烃源岩发育的特征和有利地质条件,并将沉积微相分析与烃源岩的地球化学指标(有机质丰度、生烃...