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91.
为了研究东台吉乃尔盐湖卤水蒸发时的相化学,确定钾、镁和锂盐的结晶特性,在实验室内25℃等温蒸发实验基础上和自然条件下进行了冬夏季日晒蒸发试验.东台吉乃尔盐湖卤水是由氯化钠饱和的多组分复杂体系构成的.卤水中存在的离子是Na+、K+、Mg2+、Li+、Ca2+、B3+、SO42-和Cl-.试验数据与Na+、K+、Mg2+Cl-、SO42-KH2O五元体系介稳平衡数据进行了讨论和比较.Autenrieth相图被用来表示各数据间的关系和证明冬夏季蒸发时结晶行为的差别. 相似文献
92.
吴敬炳 《华东地质学院学报》1986,(2)
本文以寻找铀矿为目的,在该岩体140Km~2面积上进行水化学普查,发现水异常370个,其特征为:若异常多且成片出现,则预示着有单个矿体规模不大的矿体群存在;条带状展布的水异常预示着存在方向相同的矿化带;阻水阻气构造带近旁之异常预示水源上方存在矿化;水温偏高之水异常与矿化关系密切;与矿化有关的多为铀—氡混合异常;大构造处之水异常并不表示此构造存在矿化,面往往是在其附近次一级构造中成矿. 相似文献
93.
固体传压高温高压岩石三轴实验中,固体传压介质是影响实验结果的重要因素,NaCl介质以它流动性好,围压均匀等特点,八十年代以来越来越受到人们青睐。本文用NaCl介质在〈3GPa固体传压三轴流变仪〉上进行了高温高压岩石流变特性的实验研究,并达到了较高的压力(〉2GPa)和温度(〉1200℃);本文同时利用NaCl介质对样品装样方式及温度、压力等相关测定方面进行了研究。 相似文献
94.
Alan P. Carr 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1983,8(3):293-296
The method described involves the use of an electro-optical distance measurer mounted on a theodolite. Observations are taken onto a series of acrylic reflectors, aligned at right angles to the line of sight, and slope distances and vertical and horizontal angles are recorded. From these data it is possible to obtain surface heights to an accuracy of ±0·5 cm at 200 m and to avoid any direct disturbance of the site under investigation. 相似文献
95.
Poul Klenz Larsen 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(2):375-383
This paper presents an investigation of the decay of bricks in the chancel vault of Brarup Church located close to the Baltic
Sea at the island of Falster in Denmark. The aim of the work was to study a peculiar phenomenon in order to prescribe appropriate
treatment. Although protected by a lime plaster, some bricks were pulverized up to 50 mm deep from the topside. The decay
occurred in a random pattern over the structure, with undamaged bricks positioned next to deteriorated bricks. The brick structure
was investigated by Mercury Intrusion Porosiometry. All bricks had a majority of pores in the range 1–10 μm, but the decayed
bricks also had a fraction of pores with a diameter less than 100 nm. The difference may be due to a lower firing temperature,
or it may be a consequence of the salt decay. Salt analysis proved that the deteriorated bricks were contaminated with sodium
chloride, which could have degraded the brick structure. However, the powdering of the bricks may be caused by the precipitation
of gypsum, which was found in the brick powder but not in the deteriorated brick itself. According to calculations with the
computer program RUNSALT, the precipitation of gypsum is much influenced by the presence of sodium chloride. The gypsum precipitates
due to changes in temperature between 0 and 30°C and variations in relative humidity between 75 and 95%. Seasonal climatic
changes in the attic were measured to cover this interval. Perhaps sodium chloride acted as a catalyst that facilitated the
accumulation and precipitation of gypsum at the topside of the bricks. A sacrificial plaster, which is the traditional treatment
for salt contaminated structures, would not prevent such decay. 相似文献
96.
Oscar Escolero Luis E. Marin Eloisa Domínguez-Mariani Sandra Torres-Onofre 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):719-723
A hydraulic analysis of the interface between freshwater–saltwater behavior was done in the Merida Yucatan zone, two machines
that constantly register the groundwater levels were installed, and three electric conductivity logs were taken from wells.
When comparing the measured results with the ones obtained using theoretical equations developed to calculate the freshwater–saltwater
interface position, it was proved that in some cases these equations can be applied, and in others not. Two effects that rule
the behavior of karst aquifers in extraordinary conditions were found. 相似文献
97.
G. M. E. Kamh 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(8):1539-1547
Al-hambra is an immense and valuable archaeological site in Spain built on Sabika hill with red brick and natural sandy limestone.
It exhibits weathering features indicating salt weathering process. The main aim of this study is to examine weathering processes
and intensity acting on Al-hambra. Rock petrography and mineralogical composition have been examined using thin sections,
scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence; limits of rock’s physical parameters using ultrasonic
waves and mercury porosimeter; rock salt content through hydrochemical analysis. Salts attacking this structure are mainly
from wet deposition of air pollutants on the long term chemical alteration of rock’s carbonate content to its equivalent salts.
The salts’ concentration limit within the examined rock samples is considerably low but it is effective on the long run through
hydration of sulphate salts and/or crystallization of chloride salts. Rock texture type and its silica as well as clay content
reduces its resistance to internal stresses by salts as well as wetting and drying cycles at such humid area. The recession
in limits of physical parameters examined for deep seated and weathered limestone samples quantitatively reflects weathering
intensity on Al-hambra. 相似文献
98.
A study on two closed salt lake basins, Tal Chapar and Parihara in the eastern margin of the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, was carried
out to unravel late Quaternary geomorphic evolution of these saline lakes. Both lakes are elliptical in shape bordered by
stabilised dunes, and are oriented in a NE-SW direction, i.e., in the direction of the prevailing summer monsoon wind. Both
lakes have been formed in the wind-shadow zones of isolated hills of Precambrian quartzite. Our study indicates that the late
Quaternary sediments in the lakes began with the cyclic deposition of laminated fine silt layers (0.5 m thick), rich in organic
matter, alternating with ripple cross-bedded sand layers (each ∼1.5–2 m thick). Sand layers that are moderately sorted are
separated by laminated silt-clay layers with gypsum/calcite and this unit occurs in the upper most 4 m sequence in deeper
sections. The presence of gypsum crystals within the laminated sediments suggests a high concentration of Ca in the inflowing
water.
At Parihara Lake the organic carbon-rich sediments at 95 cm depth was dated to 7,375 + 155/−150 year BP. At Tal Chapar radiocarbon
dates of 7,190 + 155/−150 and 9,903 + 360/−350 was obtained from the sediments rich in organic carbon occurring at a depth
of 1.35 m and 1.80 m, respectively. The study reveals strong hydrologic oscillations during the past ∼14,000 year BP (13,090 + 310/−300 year
BP).
Quaternary geomorphic processes, especially the strong aeolian processes during dry climatic phases, played a major role in
the formation of the lake basins, as well as the fringing linear dunes. Geochemical and mineralogical analyses of the lacustrine
sediments, supported by radiocarbon dates indicate the existence of an ephemeral lake earlier than ∼13,000 year BP as sediments
began to be deposited in a lacustrine environment implying sustained runoff in the catchments. A freshwater lake formed between
9,000 year and 7,000 year BP. The lake dried periodically and this strong fluctuating regime continued until about ∼7,000 year
BP. Mid-Holocene was wet and this was possibly due to higher winter rains A saline lake existed between 6,000 year and 1,300 year
BP and finally present day semi arid conditions set in since 1,200 year BP. Remnants of a habitation site (hearth and charred
bones) on stabilised dune at Devani near Tal Chapar were dated to 240 ± 120 year, while that at Gopalpura was dated to 335 ± 90 year.
These historical sites on stabilised dunes were, according to the local accounts, settlements of people who used the lake
brine for manufacturing salt. 相似文献
99.
100.
基于等高线数据的地性线追踪技术研究 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
通过研究特征点的提取技术和建立系统的特征点匹配的数学模型,研究了基于矢量等高线数据的地性线的自动追踪技术,利用所述方法,提取的特征点完整,准确;理论和实验表明,所建立的数学模型简捷,实用,有可靠的数学理论基础,且地性线追踪效果良好。 相似文献