马元铅锌矿含矿构造带特征及矿床成因讨论

陕西马元铅锌矿产于扬子板块北缘碑坝穹隆构造周缘灯影组上段。矿化受角砾状、裂隙状白云岩和放射状横向断裂组成的构造带控制。矿化强度与构造角砾岩发育程度和藻屑白云岩厚度成正相关。晚震旦世灯影期,通过基底断裂及裂隙通道产生的海水循环系统不断地萃取并吸收基底杂岩中的Pb、Zn等有用组份,运移到台坪相被藻类吸附,铅锌矿初步富集。灯影世末期,基底隆起产生灯影组容矿构造系统,同时形成构造热卤水活化、迁移吸附在藻屑白云岩中的铅锌等成份形成含矿热液,并在容矿构造带中充填富集成矿。     

The crust and upper mantle of the Sulu UHPM belt

All results from integrated geophysical investigations in the Sulu region are summarized in this paper, trying to reconstruct the Sulu UHPM processes. New seismic S-wave tomographic results suggest a velocity-abnormal zone occurs beneath the Sulu crust, revealing detailed upper mantle structures that high-velocity lumps within the abnormal zone are sequentially distributed beneath the bottom of the asthenosphere. These high-velocity lumps might represent delaminated eclogites or residuals of the subducted oceanic plate. Based on integrated interpretation of the geophysical data, we propose a working model for tectonic reconstruction of the Sulu UHPM processes, which can explain the crust and upper mantle structures of the area. The involved tectonic processes are related to north-eastward escaping of the Sulu terrane, subduction and delamination cycles of the Dabie-Sulu oceanic plate, and post-orogenic lithospheric thinning and magma underplating. The UHPM rocks are believed to have syn-subduction delaminated down to the bottom of the asthenosphere during 245-180 Ma, and the delamination process seemed smooth and nearly continuous without extensive violence.     

吉林省东部韧性剪切带特征及其与金银成矿关系

国内外贵金属与控矿构造研究表明,韧性剪切带,特别是发育在太古宙古老陆核花岗-绿岩地体中的韧性剪切带是最重要的控矿构造.文章列举夹皮沟韧性剪切带、小四平-南岔韧性剪切带、山门-叶赫韧性剪切带等实例对吉林省东部韧性剪切带的展布规律、基本特征及其控矿作用进行了详细论述,总结了韧性剪切带与金、银矿产的关系.     

江西彭山锡(铅锌)多金属矿田构造地质特征及成矿机理探讨

江西彭山锡 (铅锌 )多金属矿田位于长江中下游多金属成矿带中的九瑞地区。彭山隐伏钙碱性花岗岩体侵位为锡 (铅锌 )多金属矿的形成提供了热动力及成矿物质来源。自晋宁期形成的长期活动的基底深断裂和由彭山岩体底辟侵位形成的穹窿构造 ,以及由此派生的次级断裂带 ,诸如环形滑脱断裂、顶脱断裂和节理裂隙 ,都为含矿热液的运移和矿体就位提供了空间。形成彭山岩体 (DI >90 )的岩浆经历了较为充分的分异 ,在岩浆热液对流系统和地下水对流系统的双重作用下 ,含矿热液流体的成分随温度降低而改变 ,导致 6个阶段的成矿作用。各阶段的矿物组合随温度而变化 ,在空间上有一定的叠加 ,在萤石 -硅酸锡阶段 ,还发现了马来亚石。各类矿产在空间上的分布呈环状 ,即由岩体中心向外围依次出现内侧的高温As-Sn带、中间的Sn -Pb和Pb -Zn -Ag带和外围的低温萤石带。文中还以锡为例 ,详细讨论了锡在黑云母与热液流体之间的迁移及其矿化过程。     

建(构)筑物控制爆破拆除的仿真模拟

介绍了在ABAQUS有限元框架内,建（构）筑物爆破拆除仿真模拟的基本方法。提出了爆破缺口高度的确定方法、结构坍塌的力学判据与结构的离散化方法,利用ABAQUS有限元软件的非线性瞬态显式动力学模块模拟结构的失稳及倒塌过程,并用该方法对一个拆除爆破实例进行了仿真模拟。模拟结果表明,结构的坍塌过程及爆堆形状与实际接近。     

Pushover analysis of base-isolated steel–concrete composite structures under near-fault excitations

In the present study, the seismic behavior of steel–concrete composite structures isolated by base-isolation devices under near-fault earthquake excitations is numerically investigated. The seismic analysis is performed by means of the static non-linear (pushover) analysis procedure conducted on two five-storey three-dimensional (3-D) buildings with steel columns and steel–concrete composite slabs and beams. The present 3-D building examples are assumed to be located at a near-fault area in order to take into account the effect of strong ground motion on the isolation devices. The results of this study allowed the verification of the adequacy of the attachment isolation system as well as the comparison of the behavior of the seismic-protected building with or without bracings to the unprotected buildings with or without bracings, showing the benefits of the application of the isolation devices, the limitations and the characteristics of their performance.     

A note on strength-reduction factors for design of structures near earthquake faults

Strength-reduction factors are analyzed for simplified near-fault, fault-normal and fault-parallel strong-motion displacements. It is shown that the common design rules for selection of the strength-reduction factors are conservative and properly describe the reduction amplitudes near faults of strong earthquakes, for fault-normal pulses. However, for fault-parallel displacements, the same reduction factors are not conservative and should be changed. It is recommended that for design close to active faults, the strength-reduction factors for all components of motion should be constant for all periods and equal to (2μ−1)^1/2, where μ is ductility.     

Earthquake damage detection in the Imperial County Services Building III: Analysis of wave travel times via impulse response functions

The majority of structural health monitoring methods are based on detecting changes in the modal properties, which are global characteristics of the structure, and are not sensitive to local damage. Wave travel times between selected sections of a structure, on the other hand, are local characteristics, and are potentially more sensitive to local damage. In this paper, a structural health monitoring method based on changes in wave travel times is explored using strong motion data from the Imperial Valley Earthquake of 1979 recorded in the former Imperial County Services (ICS) Building, severely damaged by this earthquake. Wave travel times are measured from impulse response functions computed from the recorded horizontal seismic response in three time windows—before, during, and after the largest amplitude response, as determined from previous studies of this building, based on analysis of novelties in the recorded response. The results suggest initial spatial distribution of stiffness consistent with the design characteristics, and reduction of stiffness following the major damage consistent with the spatial distribution of the observed damage. The travel times were also used to estimate the fundamental fixed-base frequency of the structure f₁ (assuming the building deformed as a shear beam), and its changes during this earthquake. These estimates are consistent with previous estimates of the soil–structure system frequency, f_sys, during the earthquakes (f₁<f_sys as expected from soil–structure interaction studies), and with other estimates of frequency (f₁ from ETABS models, and f_sys from ambient vibration tests, and “instantaneous” f₁ from high-frequency pulse propagation).     

Optimum Environmental Load Design Criterion for Marine Structures Based on Investment and Benefit Analysis

Marine structures operating in natural ocean environment are subjected to various stochasticloads.For design of the marine structures,the most important task is to determine environmental load de-sign criterion.This paper presents a method to determine the optimum environmental load design criteri-on for marine structures.This method is based on the investment and benefit analysis and it can reach thedesign purpose of decreasing total costs during the service life of the structures and increasing economicbenefits.     

温度和盐度对青岛文昌鱼胚胎发育的影响

青岛文昌鱼的胚胎在 18℃以上才能正常发育 ,并随着温度的升高而加快 ,但超过34℃胚胎解体 ,低于 14℃发育受阻。正常胚胎发育的盐度范围是 2 1～ 33,最适盐度为 2 4 .5～ 30 .2。