The mid-Holocene sea-level highstand at Bogenfels Pan on the southwest coast of Namibia

The radiocarbon ages of mollusc shells from the Bogenfels Pan on the hyper arid southern coast of Namibia provide constraints on the Holocene evolution of sea level and, in particular, the mid-Holocene highstand. The Bogenfels Pan was flooded to depths of 3 m above mean sea level (amsl) to form a large subtidal lagoon from 7300 to 6500 calibrated radiocarbon years before present (cal yr BP). The mollusc assemblage of the wave sheltered lagoon includes Nassarius plicatellus, Lutraria lutraria, and the bivalves Solen capensis and Gastrana matadoa, both of which no longer live along the wave-dominated southern Namibian coast. The radiocarbon ages of mollusc shell from a gravely beach deposit exposed in a diamond exploration trench indicate that sea level fell to near or 1 m below its present-day position between 6500 and 4900 cal yr BP. The rapid emergence of the pan between 6500 and 4900 cal yr BP exceeds that predicted by glacio-isostatic models and may indicate a 3-m eustatic lowering of sea level. The beach deposits at Bogenfels indicate that sea level rose to 1 m amsl between 4800 and 4600 cal yr BP and then fell briefly between 4600 and 4200 cal yr BP before returning to 1 m amsl. Since 4200 cal yr BP sea level has remained within one meter of the present-day level and the beach at Bogenfels has prograded seaward from the delayed arrival of sand by longshore drift from the Orange River. A 6200 cal yr BP coastal midden and a 600 cal yr BP midden 1.7 km from the coast indicate sporadic human utilization of the area. The results of this study are consistent with previous studies and help to refine the Holocene sea-level record for southern Africa.     

Comparison of benthic invertebrate assemblages at Spartina alterniflora marshes reestablished after an oil spill and existing marshes in the Arthur Kill (NY/NJ)

In January 1990, an oil spill damaged salt marshes along the banks of the Arthur Kill (New York and New Jersey, USA). In the years following the spill, Spartina alterniflora seedlings were planted at a number of the oil damaged sites and successfully reestablished at these sites. In 1996, the National Marine Fisheries Service began a study to compare the benthic invertebrate assemblages at the reestablished S. alterniflora marshes to those at nearby existing marshes in the Arthur Kill. Oligochaetes, nematodes, and the small tube-building polychaete, Manayunkia aestuarina were the dominant taxa in the study. Significant differences were found in the abundances of all invertebrate individuals, oligochaetes, and nematodes between the September and May sampling times but not between reestablished and existing marshes. Although benthic invertebrate community structure was similar at reestablished and existing marshes three to four years after planting, the functional similarity of these marshes was not assessed in this study.     

井眼彩色电视在盐井检测中的应用

简要介绍了井中彩色电视测量的2种方法;重点阐述了全景彩色电视测井在盐井检测中的主要应用以及应用效果分析, 认为井眼全景彩色电视测井能够直观地反应套管腐蚀、堵塞、套管错位等套管的真实情况, 为盐井的检修提供了有力的依据。     

大柴旦盐湖DCD03剖面的矿物学记录及其环境指示意义

报道了大柴旦盐湖DC1303沉积剖面硼矿层及其下伏沉积地层的矿物学、有机质烧失量（LOI）等环境指标的研究结果,首次探讨硼矿层下伏灰黄色粉砂质粘土层沉积以来大柴旦湖水水化学演变及其与区域气候变化的关联。根据剖面的岩性、矿物组合和有机质烧失量（LOI）将研究剖面划分为3个沉积单元：I．灰黄色粉砂质粘土层（623～423cm）、II．灰黑色淤泥夹结核层（423—407cm）、III．柱硼铁石矿层（407—395em）。研究结果表明,在湖底硼矿层形成之前的较长时期内,大柴旦湖是碎屑沉积为主的非盐湖相沉积环境,直到单元I顶层20cm沉积物中才开始出现少量石膏。此后快速进入硫酸盐型盐湖沉积阶段（II）和湖底柱硼镁石矿层形成阶段（Ⅲ）。有机烧失量在I1、I2和I3单元中呈阶段性增加预示区域气温稳步上升,由此导致山区降水量增加和湖区蒸发量增强。湖泊环境变化是区域水文气候条件改变的结果。     

青海省察尔汗盐湖盐溶研究

察尔汗盐湖是一个以卤水钾镁盐矿为主的大型的综合性盐类矿床,盐湖中有盐溶存在。主要从介绍水文地质背景开始来探讨盐溶的成因、分布规律、发展过程及对矿床的影响等问题。     

盐湖硼氯同位素地球化学研究进展

对与盐湖硼、氯同位素地球化学研究有关的样品中硼、氯的提取、分离纯化 ,硼、氯同位素质谱测定方法以及盐湖卤水、粘土沉积物和蒸发硼酸盐矿物的硼同位素地球化学和盐湖卤水与盐类矿物的氯同位素地球化学研究进展进行了系统总结。所总结的内容代表了世界范围内此领域研究的最新进展 ,其中很大部分内容是中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 VG35 4课题组的研究成果 ,反映了中国科学院青海盐湖研究所在此研究领域的水平。     

中国盐湖钾盐50年回顾与展望

从中国盐湖钾盐 5 0年回顾 ,充分阐述了中国盐湖资源多、大、富、全等特点 ,及科学家们取得的科技成果。针对中国盐湖钾盐综合利用和高值化开发 ,提出了几点建议。     

盐湖及盐田自动化观测系统

介绍了盐湖和盐田卤水动态自动观测系统的发展概况 ;论述了系统的结构及其硬件和软件工作原理 ;作为主要关键技术 ,介绍了盐湖野外单片机数据采集系统和测量仪器的设计方法 ,卤水水位、温度、密度传感器的研制以及高浓度卤水中钾的直接自动监测方法。卤水动态自动观测系统在察尔汗盐湖和青海钾肥一期工程盐田中取得了很好的应用效果。这项技术有广泛的推广应用前景     

Superposed deformation straddling the continental-oceanic transition in deep-water Angola

The Angolan margin is the type area for raft tectonics. New seismic data reveal the contractional buffer for this thin-skinned extension. A 200-km-long composite section from the Lower Congo Basin and Kwanza Basin illustrates a complex history of superposed deformation caused by: (1) progradation of the margin; and (2) episodic Tertiary epeirogenic uplift. Late Cretaceous tectonics was driven by a gentle slope created by thermal subsidence; extensional rafting took place updip, contractional thrusting and buckling downdip; some distal folds were possibly unroofed to form massive salt walls. Oligocene deformation was triggered by gentle kinking of the Atlantic Hinge Zone as the shelf and coastal plain rose by 2 or 3 km; relative uplift stripped Paleogene cover off the shelf, provided space for Miocene progradation, and steepened the continental slope, triggering more extension and buckling. In the Neogene, a subsalt half graben was inverted or reactivated, creating keystone faults that may have controlled the Congo Canyon; a thrust duplex of seaward-displaced salt jacked up the former abyssal plain, creating a plateau of salt 3–4 km thick on the present lower slope. The Angola Escarpment may be the toe of the Angola thrust nappe, in which a largely Cretaceous roof of gently buckled strata, was transported seawards above the thickened salt by up to 20 km.     

新疆罗布泊地区盐湖资源与综合利用研究取得阶段性成果

我国钾盐矿资源贫乏 ,长期以来钾肥生产量很低 ,供不应求 ,一直依赖大量进口来满足工农业生产对钾的需求。罗布泊盐湖是我国最著名的盐湖之一。最新的研究资料表明 ,新疆罗布泊地区有望成为我国继察尔汗盐湖后的又一大型钾肥生产基地。特别是罗布泊地区阿其克谷地大量淡水资源的发现 ,为该地区盐化工业的发展奠定了基础 ,并可能成为我国最大的硫酸钾产地。虽然目前罗布泊地区自然环境恶劣、交通不便 ,尚不具备盐湖资源开发的条件 ,但随着该地区经济的发展和石油工业的迅速崛起 ,必将促进该区盐湖资源研究开发的进程。为了加快罗布泊盐湖资源…