东风盐场卤水中可溶性糖的研究──Ⅰ、盐田卤水中可溶性糖的季节变化及其与海盐产量和质量之间的关系

对东风盐场9个站位卤水中由藻类植物产生的可溶性糖浓度的变化规律及其与海盐产量和质量之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明，各站位可溶性糖含量的变化范围为0．7－124．3mg／L，以6月份最高，2月份最低；卤水中可溶性糖在111mg／L－215mg／L范围内，结晶盐的产量随卤水中可溶性糖含量的增加而提高，但同时降低了NaCl的含量，并增加了可溶性杂质及水分的含量，从而降低了盐质。初始可溶性糖浓度为111mg／L、137mg／L、160mg／L、193mg／L和215mg／L的25．4°Be’的卤水，在日照下实验12天，其对应结晶盐的NaCl含量分别为91．66％、90．63％、90．48％、90．23％和88．46％，可溶性杂质的含量分别为3．05％、3．32％、3．33％和4．54％。     

逆掩断层垂向封闭性定量模拟实验及评价方法

在正确分析逆掩断层形成的地质条件和封闭机理的基础上,本文认为与逆掩断层相伴生的塑性岩石的变形特征、断面压力和断裂带中泥质含量是影响断层垂向封闭性的主要因素。进行了断裂带填充物中泥质含量与断层封闭性定量关系物理模拟实验,并分析了岩石变形特征对断层封闭性的影响,建立了断层封闭性评价标准,提出了利用断裂带填充物质的性质、断面压力和膏泥岩变形特征评价断层封闭性方法。选择了库车坳陷克拉 3号构造进行了实例分析,结果表明该方法具有可靠性     

中国石油战略选区重点目标油气地质条件分析及勘探建议

首先,分析了中国石油天然气股份有限公司优选出的3个战略选区重点目标,即河套盆地、塔里木东南坳陷和羌塘盆地的油气资源条件,认为这3个目标都具有资源量大、资源丰度较高的特点,具有开展战略选区的油气资源基础。其次,论述了3个目标的储盖组合和油气显示情况,指出每个地区虽然具有不同的特点,但都具有基本的油气成藏条件和较好的勘探前景。最后,在分析3个目标存在的主要问题的基础上,提出了相应的勘探工作建议。     

论中国盐溶角砾岩的特征和分类

中国的蒸发岩矿床非常丰富,与蒸发岩在成因上密切相关的盐溶角砾岩极其发育。本文简述了中国盐溶角砾岩的分布,总结了盐溶角砾岩的一般特征,划分出盐溶角砾岩的主要类型,探讨了盐溶角砾岩与盐泉的关系。     

内陆盐湖石盐流体包裹体均—温度指示意义的现代过程研究

Halite precipitation with water and air temperature was observed in detail, and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in halite formed in ancient and modem Chaka Salt Lake was studied. Halite precipitates mainly in August every year and largely precipitates between 13 and 15pm at one day when water temperatures reach 20℃ but can seldom reach 30℃. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in halite formed in Chaka Salt Lake range from 14℃ to 38℃ with an average of 23.7℃. The number of inclusions appears an obvious peak value at homogenization temperatures between 18 - 25℃, which probably represent the water temperature in which halite mainly precipitates when water temperatures reach 20℃. Therefore, homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in halite formed in Chaka Salt Lake can wall reflect the water temperature.     

含盐量对水泥土强度影响的室内试验研究

通过含盐量对非有机质土加固强度影响的试验研究,得到了含盐量对水泥土强度的提高或减小的阈值为3.5%。当盐渍土的含盐量低于这个阈值时,盐渍土的加固强度会因可溶性盐的结晶膨胀作用,提高水泥土的强度;相反当盐渍土的含盐量高于该阈值时,盐渍土的强度会因可溶性盐的过多的结晶膨胀作用,使水泥土的结构遭到破坏,从而使水泥土的强度大大降低。同时分析了可溶性硫酸盐、镁盐和氯盐对水泥土的浸蚀性作用,并从盐类对水泥土强度的影响从机理上进行了阐释,提出了高含盐量对水泥土破坏作用的对策。     

库车坳陷克拉苏构造带协同变形机制及盆山耦合关系

克拉苏构造带构造非常复杂,经过30余年的油气勘探开发,构造规律不清楚、构造圈闭不落实的问题仍然非常突出。本文通过大量三维地震资料的构造解释、建模及实钻资料验证,发现克拉苏构造带在剖面上呈分段分层变形、平面上呈雁列式展布特征。提出克拉苏构造带两种协同变形机制,较好地解释了在膏盐层调节作用下盐上、盐层、盐下3个构造层的差异变形现象。结合遥感影像及重力异常影像分析了盆山耦合关系,提出了南天山造山带的差异隆升推覆作用,南部温宿、新和、牙哈古隆起的阻挡作用和古近系膏盐层的调节作用是变形的3个主要影响因素,并据此较好地解释了克拉苏构造带构造圈闭平面展布格局。     

察尔汗盐湖钾盐矿床与晶间卤水分异的关系

通过钾盐矿床与晶间卤水分异特征及成因的分析对比，认为晶间卤水分异的过程也就是钾盐矿床形成的过程。胶结浸染状固体矿形成于晶间卤水分异初期的浓缩阶段，改造于分异后期的淡化阶段；晶间卤水矿和层状固体矿形成于淡化阶段。     

Modeling stress evolution around a rising salt diapir

We model the evolution of a salt diapir during sedimentation and study how deposition and salt movement affect stresses close to the diapir. We model the salt as a solid visco-plastic material and the sediments as a poro-elastoplastic material, using a generalized Modified Cam Clay model. The salt flows because ongoing sedimentation increases the average density within the overburden sediments, pressurizing the salt. Stresses rotate near a salt diapir, such that the maximum principal stress is perpendicular to the contact with the salt. The minimum principal stress is in the circumferential direction, and drops near the salt. The mean stress increases near the upper parts of the diapir, leading to a porosity that is lower than predicted for uniaxial burial at the same depth. We built this axisymmetric model within the large-strain finite-element program Elfen. Our results highlight the fact that forward modeling can provide a detailed understanding of the stress history of mudrocks close to salt diapirs; such an understanding is critical for predicting stress, porosity, and pore pressure in salt systems.     

The permeability of faults within siliciclastic petroleum reservoirs of the North Sea and Norwegian Continental Shelf

Faulting in Middle Jurassic reservoirs occurred at shallow depth during regional extension. Clean sandstones (<15% clay) deformed without significant grain fracturing and permeability reduction. Faults in impure sandstones (15–40% clay) experienced significant syn-deformation compaction and permeability reduction. Enhanced compaction during deeper burial reduced their permeabilities further from an average of 0.05 mD at <2.5 km to 0.001 mD at >4 km. Clay-rich sediments (>40% clay) deformed to produce clay smears with very low permeabilities (<0.001 mD). Faulting in the Rotliegendes occurred at greater depth during both basin extension and inversion. Extensional faulting produced cataclasites with permeability reductions of <10–>10⁶; their permeabilities range from 0.2 to 0.0001 mD and are inversely related to their maximum burial depth. Faults formed or reactivated during inversion experienced permeability increase. These results can be extrapolated to other hydrocarbon reservoirs if differences in stress and temperature history are taken into account.The permeability of most (>80%) faults is not sufficiently low, compared to their wallrock, to retard single-phase fluid flow on a km-scale. Nevertheless, most faults could retard the flow of a non-wetting phase if present at low saturations. It may be necessary to incorporate the two-phase fluid flow properties of fault rocks into reservoir simulators using upscaling or pseudoisation techniques. Fault property data should be calibrated against production data before it can be used confidently.