郭家沟大型隐伏铅锌矿床的发现与意义

郭家沟大型隐伏铅锌矿床的发现历时约十年时间,矿床位于西成铅锌矿带(田)的东段,属于洛坝铅锌矿床的东延,在地表无任何矿化显示的情况下,首先,通过分析地质成矿环境,确定找矿靶区;然后使用激发极化发现异常,并采用音频大地电磁法研究深部含矿层位、控矿构造形态;最后通过研究区域构造、围岩蚀变、含矿地层及其岩性组合特征得出：郭家沟矿区含矿带地层就挟持于F1与F5断裂之间,形成一个呈东西向展布的舌状地质构造体,是寻找本类型铅锌矿的直接标志;矿体集中分布在中泥盆统安家岔组焦沟层（D2a2-2b）的千枚岩与（D2a2-2a）的厚层结晶灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩、硅化灰岩接触带的硅化灰岩一侧;另外,硅化、铁白云石化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化（网脉状）、碎裂角砾岩等蚀变是找矿的重要标志。通过矿床的发现经过、矿床地质特征及物探异常特征研究,指出了该区的找矿方向;郭家沟大型隐伏铅锌矿床的发现拓宽了西成铅锌矿带（田）找矿空间。     

长江中下游流域水土流失遥感调查和监测在基础地质环境评价中的应用

中国地质调查局2005年起实施了"长江流域基础地质环境遥感调查与监测"国土资源大调查项目,工作周期为3年。本文为其子项目——"长江流域水土流失遥感调查与监测"部分研究成果。文章以此次调查成果为依据,选择了经济活力较强经济发展较快的长江中下游地区加以介绍,分析了长江中下游地区水土流失的分布特征,研究了水土流失与基础地质环境的相关因素及其变化趋势,探讨了水土流失遥感调查在基础地质环境调查评价方面的应用情况,供同行们切磋。     

Coastal deformation between the Versilia and the Garigliano plains (Italy) since the last interglacial stage

The opening of the north‐central Tyrrhenian Sea is the result of the Cretaceous–Paleogene alpine collision, which triggered a series of regional uplift, subsidence and transcurrent tectonic mechanisms along the coastal Tyrrhenian sectors of peninsular Italy. These tectonic processes, in conjunction with the effects of glacio‐ and hydro‐isostasy during the Quaternary, produced substantial crustal responses that, in some cases, reached metres in extent. In the study of coastal neotectonics, geomorphological markers of the last interglacial maximum, corresponding to marine isotope stage 5.5, are generally used to quantify the magnitude of the vertical crustal displacements that have occurred since 125 kyr. Through altimetrical, palaeoenvironmental and chronological reinterpretation of the most significant works published since 1913, combined with an additional set of data reported here, a detailed reconstruction of the shoreline displacements evident along 500 km of coast between northern Tuscany and southern Latium is presented. The reconstruction was carried out by quantifying the vertical movement since the last interglacial period and by identifying the tectonic behaviour of different coastal sectors. This has been done by carefully choosing the eustatic marker, among those available at each study site, in order to minimize the margin of error associated with the measurements. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Genetic discrimination for three gynogenetic clones of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, based on restriction endonuclease analysis of Nd5-Nd6 region of mitochondrial DNA

1 INTRODUCTION Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is an important species in freshwater fisheries and ranks the first in world fish production (Li, 1993). China has a long history of aquaculture of silver carp that is very difficult for selective breeding because it has a long life cycle. However, development of cytoge-netics and modern molecular genetics built up a strong impact to the research on selective breeding. A rapid, efficient approach for establishment of a pure line of…     

Assessment of parental contribution and effective population size from a 3×3 diallel cross of clam Meretrix meretrix

Unbalanced parental contribution and small effective population size(N e)are common issues during the artifi cial breeding of marine bivalves.The impact of hatchery-spawning practices on parental contribution,effective population size,the N e/N ratio,and genetic diversity are largely unknown.To address this,we conducted a parentage analysis on a complete 3×3 diallel cross of clam M eretrix meretrix using eight microsatellite markers.The genetic diversity of the parents was higher than that of their respective offspring in most crosses(8/9).Sires or dams from the same family contributed unequally to the pool of offspring from a particular cross,and the same parent clam exhibited large variation in parental contribution among different crosses.The variance in male contribution was higher than that of the female contribution in most crosses,suggesting that male contribution was more skewed than for females.The N e/N ratio for nine crosses ranged from 0.58 to 0.86.There was no linear relationship between the sex ratio and the N e/N ratio(P0.05).Moreover,a sex ratio closer to one-to-one does not necessarily mean a larger effective population size.A solution to small effective population size in commercial breeding programs is increasing broodstock numbers and attempting to maintain a balanced sex ratio.     

基于“数字城市”的测量标志巡查维护信息系统

数字城市以地理空间框架为定位基准,集成城市自然、社会、经济、人文、环境等综合信息,基于网络基础设施实现城市信息的广泛共享。本文基于数字城市公共服务平台开发建设市级测量标志巡查维护系统,并充分利用数字城市基础地理信息成果为测量标志管理与巡查维护提供方便、快捷的地图浏览,为测绘主管部门和测绘单位管理和使用测量标志提供方便。     

Macrobenthos and multi-molecular markers as indicators of environmental contamination in a South American port (Mar del Plata,Southwest Atlantic)

We evaluated benthic habitat quality along a presumed contamination gradient in the Mar del Plata port (Southwestern Atlantic) by coupling biological and chemical proxies in a multidisciplinary approach. Organic matter and photosynthetic pigment contents were higher in silty-clay bottoms of the inner port sites. Levels of all fecal steroids decreased from the inner sites to the port inlet. High concentrations of coprostanol in the inner sites seemed to derive from a permanent population of sea lions rather than from sewage outfalls due to coprostanol/epicoprostanol ratio (IV) values <2.5. PAHs levels were also higher in the inner sector, related to both biomass combustion and petroleum combustion associated to local marine traffic. High disturbance and low ecological status were reflected in low benthic diversity and high AMBI values in the inner sites.     

有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳位移突变判据的改进

采用有限元强度折减法分析边坡稳定性时,计算所得安全系数依赖于所采用的失稳评判标准。目前边坡失稳判据的多样性及其不确定性,使得计算所得安全系数的合理性及其唯一性受到了质疑,因此如何选择或改进一种既能满足工程需要又易于操作的失稳判定准则显得尤为重要。针对某一典型边坡算例分别按计算收敛性、特征部位位移突变性和塑性区贯通性等3 个失稳判据考查判据的合理性及其适用性,对比研究三维与二维数值所得边坡稳定安全系数的差异,然后对位移突变失稳判据进行了一种改进,通过绘制位移突变倍率(当前分析步位移与上一分析步位移之比)跟折减系数的关系曲线来确定边坡安全系数,并通过简化的实例模型证明了其适用性。     

凡纳滨对虾IHHNV群体遗传多样性的SSR分析

利用SSR标记分析广西凡纳滨对虾育种中心选育的凡纳滨对虾品种中抗传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)家系的遗传多样性,为凡纳滨对虾抗IHHNV育种亲本材料的选择提供参考。通过体外攻毒试验,从育种中心构建的凡纳滨对虾家系中筛选出抗IHHNV的家系,然后利用SSR标记对筛选出的抗IHHNV品种的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明,6对引物在上述抗病毒品种中共检测到162个等位变异,每对引物平均为3个,引物的多态信息含量(PIC)在0.372 8～0.479 7之间,平均为0.434 1;抗病品种间的遗传相似系数平均为0.894 2,表明筛选出的抗病品种遗传多样性较高。     

Monitoring of organic micropollutants in Ghana by combination of pellet watch with sediment analysis: E-waste as a source of PCBs

Plastic resin pellets collected at 11 beaches covering the whole Ghanaian coastline were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). PCB concentrations (∑13 congeners) were higher in Accra, capital city, and Tema (39–69 ng/g-pellets) than those in rural coastal towns (1–15 ng/g-pellets) which are close to global background, indicating local inputs of PCBs. River sediments were also analyzed for PCBs together with molecular markers. Sedimentary PCBs concentrations were highest at a site (AR02) downstream of an electronic waste (e-waste) scrapyard. At the site (AR02), concentration of linear alkylbenzenes (LABs), a marker of municipal wastewater, was lower than another site (AR03) which is located at the downstream of downtown Accra. This result suggests that PCBs are introduced more to the river from the e-waste site than from activities in downtown Accra. PAHs concentrations were relatively higher in urban areas with strong petrogenic signature. Abundance of triphenylbenzenes suggested plastic combustion near e-waste scrapyard.