A Web-based resource discovery facility for a Geo-Data Server

This article deals with the design of a resource discovery system, based on a Web interface, for searching and downloading data stored in a Geo-Data Server. The main features of the Geo-Data Server are the design of a cartographic and image database, following international standards, a relational catalogue, containing meta-information on the archived data, and a high-level interface to access the system. The Geo-Data Server implements a distributed system where data are appropriately organised for remote consultation.     

基于元数据和数据集管理的应用模型研究

元数据是解决数据共享的技术手段之一 ,现有以元数据为基础的管理模型和管理系统主要针对元数据本身的管理 ,元数据和数据集在管理上是相对独立的 ,这直接导致了元数据和数据集的不一致性。在元数据与数据集内在联系的基础上 ,本文提出了实现元数据和数据集一体化管理的应用模型 ,该模型由综合管理层、服务层、应用层三层体系结构组成 ,通过服务流、数据流、元数据流的交互 ,实现元数据和数据集的同步一体化管理。从数据集对象的建立、数据集对象的查询和获取、数据集对象的变更三个应用方面 ,文章详细阐述了该应用模型的实现流程。     

黑龙江省国土资源遥感影像数据库系统相关技术研究

本文介绍了黑龙江省国土资源遥感影像数据管理系统的相关功能,并对实现这些功能所采用的空间数据引擎技术、遥感影像金字塔技术进行了分析与探讨。     

关于网格资源调度的探讨

随着计算机网络技术的飞速发展, 出现了第三代Internet技术网格计算(Grid Computing)。 网格是一种异构、 动态、 分布式的计算环境。 网格资源管理是网格的核心组件, 文中介绍了网格资源管理的特点, 分析了Globus工具集网格资源管理的核心组件。 网格资源调度是网格资源管理的核心部分, 也是网格资源管理中极其繁琐复杂的问题。 基于分析网格计算环境中资源管理的结构特点, 分析和总结了网格调度策略, 提出了多级资源调度模式, 给出了多级资源调度的模式。     

关于在平行断面法资源/储量估算中限制使用梯形体公式的建议

通过理论推导,指出在平行断面法资源／储量估算中,在块段相邻剖面不具有相等对应边的情况下,梯形体公式只是一个近似估算公式,存在着一定的误差。而截面圆锥体公式则是一个精确的通用公式,其使用不受相对面积差大小的限制。因此,在这种情况下,建议放弃使用梯形体公式,而统一使用截面圆锥体公式。     

Trade measures and the combat of IUU fishing: Institutional interplay and effective governance in the Northeast Atlantic

The use of trade measures to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Northeast Atlantic has evolved from unilateral denial of the landing of fish taken outside international quota arrangements to a multilateral Scheme of Control and Enforcement under the North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC). International trade rules have not constrained this development, mostly due to successful management of the interplay between international resource management and trade regimes. States protect resource management objectives from such constraint by inserting clauses that establish a normative hierarchy, or they employ various means for adapting IUU measures to the ‘environmental window’ of the global trade regime. The fact that regional states have introduced trade restrictions only when non-restrictive or less restrictive measures have failed enhances such compatibility, as do the gradual shift from unilateral to multilateral measures and the rise in transparency, openness and target-state involvement. None of those features reduces the effectiveness of regional trade measures; they minimize tension with trade commitments and largely strengthen their clout in the struggle to combat IUU fishing in the Northeast Atlantic.     

Fisher's behaviour with individual vessel quotas—Over-capacity and potential rent: Five case studies

Internationally, individual vessel quotas (IVQ) have become an increasingly popular management tool. The main attraction of IVQs is the incentives they create for cost savings, autonomous capacity adjustment and, subsequently, rent generation. In this paper, the extent to which different IVQ systems have facilitated resource rent generation and capacity adjustment in five European countries—Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and the UK—is examined. The potential economic rents and the capacity reduction necessary to achieve these rents in each of the fisheries are also estimated. Reasons why IVQs have not achieved their potential economic benefits in these fisheries are also examined.     

澳大利亚西部油气勘探投资前景分析

阐述了澳大利亚良好的石油投资外部环境，西澳地区尤其是坎宁盆地具有极大的油气勘探开发潜力，是近两年来招标活动频繁、推出区块最多的地区之一。坎宁盆地分为南、北两个拗陷和中部隆起，其古生界发育了有利的生储盖组合，且以隆起、断阶和斜坡为成藏有利区带。初步评价认为，位于Fitzroy凹陷及其南侧断阶上的招标区块勘探风险较低，凹陷另侧(北侧)斜坡已发现6个油田。     

试论区域持续发展中的资源导向模式

区域作为地球表面的一部分 ,包含若干地理环境内容 ,具有一定的环境结构 ,同时区域又是各种资源的承载体 ,必然具有资源结构 ,区域的资源结构与环境相互交错形成区域特有的资源——环境结构。两大类资源即自然资源和人文资源与自然、人文环境相互作用共同构成了区域的多种资源——环境结构类型 ,不同的结构类型对区域发展的作用不同 ,但只有占主导地位的结构类型才有可能对区域发展起导向作用。基于此 ,本文用可持续发展的观点 ,提出了区域持续发展的三种资源导向模式 ,即自然资源导向型、人文资源导向型和资源综合导向型 ,并对每种模式进行了详细的分析和进一步的划分 ,最后对不同类型资源导向模式的动态转化进行了分析。     

Why do conflicts over scarce renewable resources turn violent? A qualitative comparative analysis

This study addresses the question why intergroup conflicts over scarce, renewable resources in peripheral areas of the global South escalate into violence. In order to do so, twenty cases of such conflicts, seven of which turned violent, are analyzed. The method of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis is used in order to bridge the gap between quantitative and qualitative accounts in the field and to detect patterns of conjunctural causation. In theoretical terms, structural conditions (negative othering and high power differences between the conflict parties) and triggering conditions (external resource appropriation and recent political change) of a violent escalation of renewable resource conflicts are distinguished. The empirical results as well as various robustness checks and comparisons with individual cases suggest that the simultaneous presence of negative othering, low power differences and recent political change is a sufficient condition for the violent escalation of conflicts over scarce renewable resources. I conclude that research on socio-environmental conflicts should pay more attention to conjunctural causation, local power differences and qualitatively different forms of conflict and political change.