Theory and Experimental Results about the Application of Remote Sensing to Earthquake Prediction

In this paper,the theory for applying remote sensing to earthquake prediction has been elucidated and an experiment has been made.Through the experiment,it has been found that the characteristics and temperature of infrared radiant of rocks vary as a function of rock stress,the order of magnitude of radiance variation is 10-5(W/cm2 sr um),the amount of variation of the radiant temperature is 0.2℃~0.8℃ and some significant precursor information has been discovered.The experiment has verified preliminarily that the advanced technology of remote sensing can be applied to earthquake prediction.     

Cloud tracking using satellite data for predicting the probability of heavy rainfall events in the Mediterranean area

The use of cloud tracking techniques and storm identification procedures is proposed in this paper with the aim of predicting the evolution of cloud entities associated with the highest rainfall probability within a given meteorological scenario. Suitable algorithms for this kind of analysis are based on the processing of digital images in the thermal infrared (IR) band from geostationary satellites: a selection of such algorithms is described in some detail together with a few real case applications. Three heavy rainfall events have been selected for this purpose with reference to the extreme meteorological situation observed during Fall 1992 and 1993 over the Mediterranean area. A window from 30 to 60 °N and from 20 °W to 30 °E has been identified for the analysis of data from the radiometer on board the ESA Meteosat platform. In conclusion, the suitability of cloud tracking techniques for predicting the probability of heavy rainfall events is discussed provided that the former are associated with proper modeling of small scale rainfall distribution.     

Recent trends in vegetation dynamics in the African Sahel and their relationship to climate

Contrary to assertions of widespread irreversible desertification in the African Sahel, a recent increase in seasonal greenness over large areas of the Sahel has been observed, which has been interpreted as a recovery from the great Sahelian droughts. This research investigates temporal and spatial patterns of vegetation greenness and rainfall variability in the African Sahel and their interrelationships based on analyses of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series for the period 1982–2003 and gridded satellite rainfall estimates. While rainfall emerges as the dominant causative factor for the increase in vegetation greenness, there is evidence of another causative factor, hypothetically a human-induced change superimposed on the climate trend.     

遥感技术在云南中甸地区煤炭资源调查中的应用

以卫星遥感技术为主要手段,通过遥感地质解译,结合适量的野外调查,综合常规地质资料分析,认为云南中甸地区的含煤目的层为新第三系上新统和第四系更新统。并对该区新生代盆地的形成机制及煤层聚集、赋存规律进行了总结,圈定了5个含煤远景区,为该区进一步进行煤炭资源勘探提供了靶区和基础资料,对解决滇西北严重缺煤的现状有一定的实际意义。     

杭州湾南北两岸岸线变迁遥感动态调查

以多时相遥感资料为基础,利用遥感数据的时间和空间特点,对杭州湾南北两岸的岸线进行了遥感调查,查明了岸线变迁规律及影响因素,为杭州湾合理开发、管理和保护提供了依据。     

基于核空间的多光谱遥感图像分类方法

提出了多光谱遥感图像分类方法中解决非线性问题的一种思路。通过引入核空间理论,将在输入空间中不能线性分类的问题映射到一个可以进行线性分类的高维空间,并利用核函数避免了在高维空间中运算的复杂度,较好地解决了非线性分类问题。利用这种思路,本文对一种比较简单的分类算法———自适应最小距离分类方法加以改进,并将其应用于多光谱遥感图像的分类中,提出了一种核函数的选择策略。     

GMS气象卫星在暴雨灾害遥感监测中的应用

利用时空分辨率较高的GMS-5红外、可见光和水汽多通道遥感资料,给出了影响山东省夏季暴雨的卫星遥感图像模型。结合常规气象资料,探索了利用气象卫星遥感资料监测暴雨灾害的方法。