利用Access开发岩土工程勘察管理数据库

用Access设计岩土工程勘察管理数据库 ,能对岩土工程勘察各个环节实行全面的、信息化的管理。对各环节的管理信息实现录入、查询、修改、打印数据和表格的功能 ;实现管理图件 (图片 )、声音、影像等多媒体功能 ;实现信息动态发布的网络化功能。岩土工程勘察管理数据库的开发利用简化了工作过程 ,规范了作业行为 ,提高了工作效率 ,推动了信息化、网络化建设 ,具有重要的实用价值     

近50年安徽省气候年景评估方法

利用安徽省1961-2010年气象观测资料和气象灾情资料,依据极端气候事件及主要气象灾害评估技术规范和相关标准,挑选主要气候事件及气象灾害评估指标。应用主成分分析方法确定各指标权重,通过综合加权分别构建年干旱、雨涝、低温冷冻害、高温、风雹及雾霾等气候异常指数评估模型和灾损模型。在此基础上,利用灰色关联方法构建气候年景模型,反演近50a安徽省年景指数序列,参照世界气象组织推荐的百分位数法划分气候年景等级阈值,分别取0～10％,10％～30％,30％～70％,70％～90％,90％～100％为好、较好、一般、较差和差气候年景。近50a来,1965年、1973年、1975年、1993年和1997年为好气候年景;1966年、1969年、1991年、1996年和1998年气候年景差。通过综合灾损模型以及相关气象灾害文献资料验证表明,气候年景评估方法和等级标准可以较好地反映年度气候的真实状况,可为省、市、县级区域的气候年景评估提供科技支撑。     

管理信息系统中层次类编码数据的递归录入

介绍了用二维关系表存储树型结构的原理,在此基础上提出层次类型编码数据的递归录入法,并给出一个通用递归录入程序。     

Resource-based view of sustainability engagement

This research examines local sustainability planning processes under the label of Local Agenda 21 in Italy from a resource-based view. Two types of resources, municipal (or internal resources) and relational resources, are considered. Relational resources stem from (1) dyadic relationships with higher levels of government and (2) network relationships (municipality-higher level of government-municipality). A model is proposed in which the integration of these resources explains the engagement of municipal authorities with Local Agenda 21-type processes. The model is tested by considering the perceptions of 108 local senior officials and politicians who are in charge of Local Agenda 21 processes in Italy. The respondents account for 31% of the members of a formal Italian Local Agenda 21 network. The results show moderate to low engagement with Local Agenda 21 processes, which is explained by moderate to poor levels of relational resources. Our findings indicate that local authority engagement with Local Agenda 21-type processes requires a systemic perspective, where higher levels of government and municipalities integrate and combine their resources and create new purposefully led resources through regular and intense interactions.     

Global rainbow distribution under current and future climates

Rainbows contribute to human wellbeing by providing an inspiring connection to nature. Because the rainbow is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that results from the refraction of sunlight by rainwater droplets, changes in precipitation and cloud cover due to anthropogenic climate forcing will alter rainbow distribution. Yet, we lack a basic understanding of the current spatial distribution of rainbows and how climate change might alter this pattern. To assess how climate change might affect rainbow viewing opportunities, we developed a global database of crowd-sourced photographed rainbows, trained an empirical model of rainbow occurrence, and applied this model to present-day climate and three future climate scenarios. Results suggest that the average terrestrial location on Earth currently has 117 ± 71 days per year with conditions suitable for rainbows. By 2100, climate change is likely to generate a 4.0–4.9 % net increase in mean global annual rainbow-days (i.e., days with at least one rainbow), with the greatest change under the highest emission scenario. Around 21–34 % of land areas will lose rainbow-days and 66–79 % will gain rainbow-days, with rainbow gain hotspots mainly in high-latitude and high-elevation regions with smaller human populations. Our research demonstrates that alterations to non-tangible environmental attributes due to climate change could be significant and are worthy of consideration and mitigation.     

关系数据库设计中规范化与逆规范化的应用

讨论了在大型关系数据库优化设计中关系的规范化和逆规范化的应用。通过对数据库所需存储空间和查询响应时间的分析, 讨论了两者的优缺点, 给出了一些具体使用的准则。     

Rethinking economies/economic geographies

This paper provides a short introduction to the papers in this special issue on Rethinking economies/economic geographies. It focuses on the diversity within and between Economics and Economic Geography in their performative relationships with economies and economic geographies. Questions of power/knowledge and cross-disciplinarity are raised. Five hoped-for consequences of the debate are identified.     

一种高效的基于摄影测量数据库的数字测图系统

本文介绍了一种高效的基于摄影测量数据库的数字测图系统，该系统由数据采集、图形编辑和处理、绘图数据处理以及作为主体的数据库管理等四个子系统组成。用户可在国产解析测图仪ＡＰＳ—１和经过数字化改造的模拟测图仪器上进行数据采集，通过交互式图形编辑和摄影测量处理以形成１：５万摄影测量数据库数据，并输出线划地形图，具有对该数据库数据的检查、验收功能。此外，本文还研究了等高线内插的若干算法，形成了较为实用的等高线内插软件包。     

Transformational adaptation on the farm: Processes of change and persistence in transitions to ‘climate-smart’ regenerative agriculture

Regenerative agriculture, an alternative form of food and fiber production, concerns itself with enhancing and restoring resilient systems supported by functional ecosystem processes and healthy, organic soils capable of producing a full suite of ecosystem services, among them soil carbon sequestration and improved soil water retention. As such, climate change mitigation and adaptation are incidental to a larger enterprise that employs a systems approach to managing landscapes and communities. The transformative potential of regenerative agriculture has seen growing attention in the popular press, but few empirical studies have explored the processes by which farmers enter into, navigate, and, importantly, sustain the required paradigm shift in their approach to managing their properties, farm businesses, and personal lives. We draw on theories and insights associated with relational thinking to analyze the experiences of farmers in Australia who have undertaken and sustained transitions from conventional to regenerative agriculture. We present a conceptual framework of “zones of friction and traction” occurring in personal, practical, and political spheres of transformation that both challenge and facilitate the transition process. Our findings illustrate the ways in which deeply held values and emotions influence and interact with mental models, worldviews, and cultural norms as a result of regular monitoring; and how behavioral change is sustained through the establishment of self-amplifying positive feedbacks involving biophilic emotions, a sense of well-being, and an ever-expanding worldview. We conclude that transitioning to regenerative agriculture involves more than a suite of ‘climate-smart’ mitigation and adaptation practices supported by technical innovation, policy, education, and outreach. Rather, it involves subjective, nonmaterial factors associated with culture, values, ethics, identity, and emotion that operate at individual, household, and community scales and interact with regional, national and global processes. Findings have implications for strategies aimed at facilitating a large-scale transition to climate-smart regenerative agriculture.