杭州湾北岸漕径-柘林岸段的海堤预警分析

在分析杭州湾北岸漕径一柘林岸段海堤实测断面资料的基础上,利用剖面冲淤对比统计和非参数Mann-Kendall检验对不同岸段的断面稳定性进行研究,以揭示海堤潜在的危险程度。结果表明,海堤安全警戒线可分为三级：第1级：0m等深线,水平距离大堤约为50m;第2级：-3m等深线,水平距离大堤约为150m;第3级：-8m等深线,水平距离大堤约为400m。3级警戒线应视不同岸段而分别评价。     

A regularized fiber element model for reinforced concrete shear walls

Reinforced concrete shear walls are used because they provide high lateral stiffness and resistance to extreme seismic loads. However, with the increase in building height, these walls have become slenderer and hence responsible of carrying larger axial and shear loads. Because 2D/3D finite element inelastic models for walls are still complex and computationally demanding, simplified but accurate and efficient fiber element models are necessary to quickly assess the expected seismic performance of these buildings. A classic fiber element model is modified herein to produce objective results under particular loading conditions of the walls, that is, high axial loads, low axial loads, and nearly constant bending moment. To make it more widely applicable, a shear model based on the modified compression field theory was added to this fiber element. Consequently, this paper shows the formulation of the proposed element and its validation with different experimental results of cyclic tests reported in the literature. It was found that in order to get objective responses in the element, the regularization techniques based on fracture energy had to be modified, and nonlinearities because of buckling and fracture of steel bars, concrete crushing, and strain penetration effects were needed to replicate the experimental cyclic behavior. Thus, even under the assumption of plane sections, which makes the element simple and computationally efficient, the proposed element was able to reproduce the experimental data, and therefore, it can be used to estimate the seismic performance of walls in reinforced concrete buildings. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic analysis of flexible cantilever wall retaining elastic soil by a modified Vlasov–Leontiev model

Dynamic response of a flexible cantilever wall retaining elastic soil to harmonic transverse seismic excitations is determined with the aid of a modified Vlasov–Leontiev foundation model and on the assumption of vanishing vertical displacement of the soil medium. The soil–wall interaction is taken into consideration in the presented model. The governing equations and boundary conditions of the two unknown coupled functions in the model are derived in terms of Hamilton׳s principle. Solutions of the two unknown functions are obtained on the basis of an iterative algorithm. The present method is verified by comparing its results with those of the existing analytical solution. Moreover, a mechanical model is proposed to evaluate the presented method physically. A parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of the soil–wall system properties and the excitations on the dynamic response of the wall.     

安装粘弹性转角阻尼器的海洋平台—摇摆墙体系抗震性能分析

在海洋平台摇摆墙体系基础上,在摇摆墙底部的铰接点处安装一粘弹性转角阻尼器,进行被动消能结构振动控制,利用ANSYS进行地震荷载作用下的抗震性能验算,并对阻尼器的刚度和阻尼参数进行了分析。结果表明,在摇摆墙底部施加的转角阻尼器能显著降低结构的地震反应。     

防屈曲开斜槽耗能钢板剪力墙的滞回性能分析

防屈曲开斜槽耗能钢板剪力墙（简称开斜槽剪力墙）是通过在钢板上开设一定数量斜槽,并在其两侧外挂混凝土板而形成的一种新型高层钢结构抗侧耗能构件。根据开斜槽钢板剪力墙的承载机制,采用理论推导的方法得到其承载力计算公式,利用ANSYS有限元方法对开斜槽剪力墙进行模拟,并通过改变不同参数验证了计算公式的准确性。同时,采用ANSYS建立有限元模型,对开斜槽剪力墙和普通薄钢板剪力墙的滞回性能进行了对比分析。结果表明,在提供足够约束（钢板与混凝土板间隙适宜,混凝土板厚度足够）的前提下,相对于普通薄钢板剪力墙,开斜槽剪力墙改善了钢板的捏缩现象,具有更稳定的耗能能力。     

地震中整体面板式土工格栅加筋土挡墙动土压力研究

土工格栅加筋挡土墙是一种柔性挡土结构,目前尚未建立较严密的设计方法,作用在土工格栅加筋墙壁上的地震动土压力研究是抗震设计的重要内容之一。应用基于拉格朗日法的完全非线性动有限差分法研究整体面板式土工格栅加筋土挡壁在地震作用下各设计参数对挡壁动土压力的影响。采用弹塑性模型模拟填土,采用耦合弹性参数描述格栅与土接触界面特性,参数包括加筋间距、长度、刚度、地震强度和填土性质等,分析墙壁的动土压力沿墙身的分布特征,得出了影响地震动土压力的显著参数,证明了土工格栅加筋墙体的优异吸震能力,研究结果为整体面板式土工格栅加筋土挡墙抗震设计中的动土压力研究提供参考。     

Shaking table experimental study of recycled concrete frame-shear wall structures

In this study, four 1/5 scaled shaking table tests were conducted to investigate the seismic performance of recycled concrete frame-shear wall structures with different recycled aggregates replacement rates and concealed bracing detail. The four tested structures included one normal concrete model, one recycled coarse aggregate concrete model, and two recycled coarse and fi ne aggregate concrete models with or without concealed bracings inside the shear walls. The dynamic characteristics, dynamic response and failure mode of each model were compared and analyzed. Finite element models were also developed and nonlinear time-history response analysis was conducted. The test and analysis results show that the seismic performance of the recycled coarse aggregate concrete frame-shear wall structure is slightly worse than the normal concrete structure. The seismic resistance capacity of the recycled concrete frame-shear wall structure can be greatly improved by setting up concealed bracings inside the walls. With appropriate design, the recycled coarse aggregate concrete frame-shear wall structure and recycled concrete structure with concealed bracings inside the walls can be applied in buildings.     

黏性土填料下考虑土拱效应的挡土墙被动土压力计算

为解释挡土墙后填土被动土压力的非线性分布现象,在考虑土拱形状为圆弧,滑裂面采用朗肯滑裂面的基础上,给出考虑土拱效应的被动土压力系数Kawn,进而基于应力状态法及土楔形体静力平衡两种思想求解了竖向平均应力 公式,在该基础上,给出黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力分布公式、合力公式及作用点高度计算公式。通过与试验与其他方法对比,文中提出的方法得到验证。最后,研究了黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力变化规律,即考虑土拱效应求得的黏性土填料的被动土压力分布呈现上小下大的指数型分布。此外,随着δ/φ（δ为墙土摩擦角,φ为内摩擦角）的增大,土拱效应逐渐增强,土压力合力点逐渐降低。     

路堤挡墙与预应力管桩连接方法现场试验研究

采用预应力管桩（PHC）作为路基挡土墙基础,可发挥PHC桩质量保证率高、抗压性能好的优势,挡土墙承担水平荷载的要求也给PHC桩基础与基底的连接模式提出了问题。依托广东广清高速公路扩建工程进行现场试验,研究PHC桩基础分别采用有盖板的垫层式和无盖板的嵌入式承连挡土墙基底模式的作用机制。研究表明：垫层式与嵌入式连接的PHC基础桩间土均承担主要荷载,嵌入式连接外桩与桩间土应力比更大,是垫层式两倍左右,嵌入式内、外桩承载力发挥率差别更加明显;垫层式连接基础不能阻止墙体发生偏转,嵌入式连接通过桩体的约束作用控制墙体保持位置状态稳定;垫层式与嵌入式连接的挡墙受力主要表现为底板底面沿路基方向承受拉应力,在垂直路基方向底板底面未出现零压力区;两种连接模式墙体水平位移差别不大,桩间土是承担水平荷载的主体。     

轻钢骨混凝土剪力墙延性的非线性有限元分析

轻钢骨混凝土剪力墙结构作为新型结构在工程界要得到认同并推广使用,必须对该结构的各项性能指标进行系统的试验研究和理论分析。本文应用ADINA有限元软件对轻钢骨混凝土剪力墙延性进行非线性有限元分析,根据不同的高宽比、轴压比、轻钢骨配筋率以及端部配筋模型的计算结果,对该结构体系的延性及其破坏形态进行综合分析,并对轻钢骨混凝土剪力墙轴压比设计提出建议。分析结果表明,高宽比主要控制轻钢骨混凝土剪力墙的破坏形态,轴压比对其结构的延性的影响最为显著,而端部配筋对其延性影响不大。