Behavior of vortex-induced vibration of a circular cylinder near a deformable wall with two degrees of freedom in steady flow

The behavior of vortex-induced vibration of a two-degree-of-freedom cylinder near a deformable wall in steady flow is investigated experimentally.The typical phenomenon of the two-degree-of-freedom cylinder’s VIV is discussed.The influences of initial gap between the cylinder and the wall on the dynamic responses of the cylinder are analyzed.The comparison is made about dynamic responses of the cylinder with one and two degrees of freedom.Experimental results show that the vibration of the cylinder near a deformable wall with a small value of initial gap-to-diameter ratios can generally be divided into two phases.The initial gap-to-diameter ratios have a noticeable influence on the occurrence of transverse vibration.The transverse maximum amplitude of the cylinder with two degrees of freedom is larger than that of the cylinder with one degree of freedom under the condition with the same values of other parameters.However,the vibration frequency of the cylinder for the two degrees of freedom case is smaller than that for the one degree of freedom case at the same value of Vr number.     

Influence of Turbulence Intensity and Turbulence Length Scale on the Drag, Lift and Heat Transfer of A Circular Cylinder

Influence of the turbulence intensity and turbulence length scale on the hydrodynamic characteristics and heat transfer of a circular cylinder, streamlined by a viscous fluid flow, is numerically studied. We take the Reynolds number of the oncoming flow equal to 4×10⁴, the turbulence intensity Tu_f and the dimensionless turbulence length scale L_f varying from 1.0% to 40% and from 0.25 to 4.0, respectively. We confirmed that the increase of Tu_f leads to the suppression of the periodic vortex shedding from the cylinder surface, and as a result the stationary mode of streamlining is formed. Consequently, with the increasing turbulence intensity directly in front of the cylinder Tu^*, the amplitude of the lift coefficient decreases monotonically. Nevertheless, the time-averaged drag coefficient of the streamlined cylinder decreases at Tu^*<6.0%, and increases at Tu^*>9.0%. The dependence of the average Nusselt number on Tu^* is near-linear, and with the increasing turbulence intensity, the Nusselt number rises. However, the change of the average Nusselt number depending on L_f is non-monotonic and at L_f=1.0, the value reaches its maximum.     

Variation of Flow Field Around Twin Cylinders with and Without the Outer Perforated Cylinder ? Numerical Study

Presence of the outer perforated cylinder reduces the direct wave impact on the inner cylinder, which has been testified by many researchers. However, the force reduction mechanism, which is complicated due to the wave-porous structure interaction, needs to be addressed in detail. The present study explains the mechanism with the aid of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool STAR CCM+. This package is chosen for its capabilities to simulate viscous and turbulence effects caused by passage of waves. For the present study, flow fields around the twin cylinders with different orientations are examined with and without the outer perforated cover. Mechanism contributing to the reduction of force on the existing structure is explained in physical terms, and force reduction is quantified. The present study has direct application in the retrofitting application of offshore members.     

Stereological Analysis of Fracture Networks along Cylindrical Galleries

The intersections between three-dimensional fracture networks consisting of constant- and variable-size disks with a gallery were systematically analyzed. Exact and approximate analytical formulae were derived for the numbers of partial or full intersections. These predictions were verified by Monte Carlo simulations. Trace length distributions were studied by numerical techniques for various disk distributions. These simulations showed that differences between various disk distributions are very small when trace length distributions with the same average and standard deviations are compared.     

Rotating flow past a short,sliced cylinder at finite Rossby number

Abstract

Flow past a short obstacle in a rotating reference frame generates a wake that is crucial to the overall flow structure if the Rossby number is of the order of the quarter power of the Ekman number. We present here a theory for such flows for the case when the obstacle's top is an oblique, planar surface. The results arise from a combination of asymptotic analysis and numerical computation, and show that even weak asymmetry generates significant global effect on the entire flow-field. Comparisons with the experiments reported by Foster and Davies (1996) are generally good when the high edge is at 90° to the oncoming flow.     

无卷扬机液压缸升降式钻机

目前,液压动力头岩心钻机大多采用液压缸给进,液压卷扬机提升。近年来,国外多个国家以液压技术见长的公司,研发了无卷扬机液压缸升降式钻机,它与传统钻机设计理念不同,液压缸不单是给进机构也作为提升机构。这种钻机取消了结构复杂而笨重的卷扬机、天车、游动滑车组。液压缸提升系统井架不承受提升载荷,井架尺寸小,轻便;整个设备体积小、质量轻、成本低、技术经济指标先进。它为研发液压动力头钻机提供了一种新机型。介绍了瑞典山特维克浅钻和挪威MH公司RamRig深孔钻机的结构和其他一些国家研发和应用情况。阐述了双液压缸提升和液压缸-钢丝绳倍速机构两种不同系统的工作原理及应用特点。     

磁偶极子存在时导电水平圆柱体的场

将磁偶极子在导电水平圆柱体的场分解为单磁极的一次场、二次场、柱内场、柱外场。然后,由两个单磁极的场叠加而得到磁偶极子的场,并编程序对总场的频率响应函数的虚实分量二次磁场分别做了计算。     

冻结黏土空心圆柱试样制样方法

冻土空心圆柱仪是室内研究冻土在车辆荷载等复杂应力路径下力学特性的主要仪器,试验中为实现主应力轴方向在垂直于径向平面内连续旋转,其试样多采用薄壁空心圆柱试样,但由于空心圆柱试样薄壁的特点,增加了制样的困难,成为制约冻土空心圆柱试验研究进展的主要阻碍。为此,借鉴冻土三轴试验的制样方法,基于实验室现有的制样条件,设计了一套重塑冻结黏土空心圆柱试样的制样装置,可提高制样效率,减小制样过程中人为因素的影响;随后,基于该制样装置,提出了一种冻结黏土空心圆柱试样的制样方法,给出了制备重塑冻结黏土的制样步骤。最后,通过对所制备试样的物理力学性质测定,发现采用该制样方法可以制备含水率及干密度均匀、力学性质稳定的重塑冻结黏土试样;同时对两个平行制备的冻结黏土试样的不同主应力轴方向的定向剪切试验结果进行了比较,证明了所提出的制样方法具有良好的可重复性,且所得的冻土力学特性与已有研究成果吻合较好,可用于进一步系统研究复杂条件下冻结黏土的静、动力学特性。     

三轴作用下的小型围岩试件在开挖卸荷过程中的声发射特征

为了获得巷道围岩开挖卸荷过程中的声发射特征与开挖卸荷状态之间的关系,使用水泥砂浆厚壁圆筒围岩试样,开展开挖卸荷条件下3种不同卸荷速度的声发射试验研究。利用自主研发的小型巷道围岩开挖卸荷模型试验系统,声发射系统及变形监测系统采集试样卸荷过程中的声发射时频信号及变形信息,并对声发射b值进行研究。研究发现：（1）试验过程具有4个特征阶段：加载段―维持段Ⅰ―卸荷段―维持段Ⅱ,这4个阶段与振铃累计曲线有良好对应关系。（2）加载段,高频高幅信号较多,分布范围广,试样内部原始裂隙在三向应力作用下压密明显;维持段Ⅰ,高频高幅信号明显减小,分布范围变窄,试样三向持续压密,变形微小;卸荷段,高、低频信号增多,幅度增加,应变率较高,变形增加速度快,卸荷对试样内侧影响效应更显著;维持段Ⅱ,较慢速卸荷的高幅信号持续增多,内外侧以较低应变率持续产生变形。（3）卸荷速度越大,卸荷段振铃累计曲线出现“陡升”的幅度越高,维持段Ⅱ“陡升”出现越早,幅度越小。（4）卸荷速度增大,b值整体量值减小且越趋于小波幅平稳变化,相对声发射大事件占比提高,破裂尺度更大。