强震观测实时处理技术及其应用前景

~~强震观测实时处理技术及其应用前景@金星$福建省地震局!局长,研究员,博士生导师~~     

Precise estimation of residual tropospheric delays using a regional GPS network for real-time kinematic applications

 A new method called Trop_NetAdjust is described to predict in real time the residual tropospheric delays on the GPS carrier phase observables using the redundant measurements from a network of GPS reference stations. This method can not only enhance the effectiveness and reliability of real-time kinematic users within the network, but also provide a valid approach to tropospheric parameter variation forecasting. Trop_NetAdjust is theoretically based upon LS prediction criteria and enables the prediction of residual tropospheric delays remaining after a standard model has been applied to the raw GPS measurements. Two cases are analyzed, namely a first case when the delay is required for an existing satellite at a new point within the network and a second case when the delay is required for a new satellite. Field tests were conducted using data collected in a network of 11 reference stations covering a 400×600 km region in southern Norway. The results were analyzed in the measurement domain (ionospheric-free double-difference residuals) and showed improvements of 20 to 65% RMS errors using Trop_NetAdjust. The estimates of the Trop_NetAdjust prediction accuracy were also obtained using the covariance analysis method. The agreement was consistently better than 30% when compared with data from a real network. Received: 28 February 2000 / Accepted: 9 January 2001     

X射线实时成像检测图像最佳放大倍数和最小检出缺陷

根据射线检测的基本理论，推导出X射线产时成像检测图像的最佳放大倍数和最小检出缺陷公式，对实时成像检测工艺具有指导作用。     

地震数据数字化及实时传输

简要地介绍了地震数据国际交换试验系统和台站地震数据实时采集传输系统的组成、各部分的特性与功能、地震数据数字化及实时传输过程。     

单轴条件下砂岩三维破裂过程的CT观测

岩石破裂过程研究一直是岩石力学专家关注的重要问题。本文采用特制的三轴压力仪与医用西门子SOMATOM -plusCT扫描仪结合 ,对砂岩进行了室内单轴压缩试验。通过对砂岩的CT图像和密度损伤增量与应力关系曲线分析 ,结果显示 ,砂岩的破裂演化过程可分为初始损伤的压密、裂纹出现扩展、裂纹归并分岔、裂纹重分岔扩展以及裂纹惯通宏观破坏等五个阶段。在初始损伤的压密阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量为正值 ,速率也为正 ;在裂纹出现扩展阶段 ,砂岩出现局部密度损伤增量减小 ,并随应力增加而由正值转为负值 ,速率也由正变负 ;在裂纹归并分岔阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量全为负值 ,速率也变快 ;在裂纹重分岔扩展阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量继续变负 ,但速率变慢 ;在裂纹惯通宏观破坏阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量继续变负 ,速率变的更快。     

Maneuvering control and trajectory tracking of very large crude carrier

This paper presents a complex control system of the ship motions in confined waters. The general structure of this system is based on the two different controllers connected in parallel. They are dedicated to the different tasks and operate in different conditions. One of them is based on the robust control technology while another is based on the fuzzy logic technique. To decide which controller to use depends on the velocity of the vessel. The control system was implemented at the first stage on a nonlinear multi-variable simulation model and at the second stage on a real-time object—floating, autonomous model of the very large crude carrier (VLCC tanker). The whole system was developed in the MATLAB/Simulink platform.     

New discoveries in dynamics of an M8 earthquake-phenomena and their implications from the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake using a long term monitoring cabled observatory

At the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake of M8, seafloor phenomena such as a generation process of tsunami, seafloor uplifts, turbidity current, etc., were observed using a cabled observatory installed on the seafloor. The turbidity current was observed as a benthic storm caused presumably by the mainshock. The seafloor uplifts were observed at the mainshock and continuously after the mainshock. The uplifts were 0.35, 0.37, and 0.12 m for epicentral distances of 25.5, 31.4, and 81.7 km, respectively. After the mainshock, a continuous uplift of the seafloor is observed at all three pressure gauge locations indicating that there was a change in the state of friction on the plate boundary interface by the mainshock. In this paper, we first show what was observed using the cabled observatory installed right above the focal area of the earthquake, and then we discuss to summarize these phenomena associated with the earthquake, its possible causes, and future directions in long term monitoring of seismogenic processes.     

山西前兆台网雷电预警数据入库设计及实现

为有效发挥山西前兆台网雷电预警电场数据的实时性、实用性,基于java语言开发研制了前兆台网雷电预警入库软件。入库软件的功能主要包括雷电预警数据接收、数据转发到平台、数据格式转换并入库、雷电预警数据查询浏览等。通过该软件可以实时对台站雷电预警系统进行监控,高效分析雷电数据,加强对台站周围测点地震观测仪器的防雷保护。     

一种固定选图数的实时幸运成像算法

幸运成像技术是一种从大量短曝光图像中选取少量幸运好图进行配准、叠加的高分辨率图像恢复技术,能够有效减小大气湍流对图像质量的影响,但传统的基于中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,CPU)的幸运成像算法难以实现实时化.利用现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,...     

环境因子对南极菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.S-15-13多糖合成关键酶UGD基因表达的影响

以南极菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.S-15-13为材料,采用实时定量PCR的方法研究了温度、冻融循环及培养基中NaCl、葡萄糖含量和pH对多糖合成关键酶基因ugd表达水平的影响。结果表明,低温有利于ugd的表达,在2℃和10℃培养温度下,培养24h后ugd的表达量约为20℃时的4倍;冻融循环后,ugd的表达量上调,第2个冻融循环后ugd的表达量较对照提高了6.85倍;NaCl对ugd的影响表现为低促高抑,即NaCl含量为6.0%时ugd的表达量是对照(3.0%)的3.97倍,但含量达9.0%时ugd表达量仅为对照的2/5;葡萄糖能够提高ugd的表达量,当含量为2.0%时ugd表达量为对照的13.68倍;在一定范围内(pH5.0—8.0),pH的改变会促进ugd的表达,当pH为6.0时ugd表达量约为pH7.0时的2.15倍。