太原西山七里沟剖面本溪组铁质鲕粒成因探讨

著名的“山西式”铁矿几乎分布于整个华北地区,其成因曾是一个古老的地质问题。本文在前人研究的基础上,通过野外露头观察,并结合镜下鉴定与能谱分析对太原西山七里沟剖面本溪组铁质层中铁质鲕粒结构及其特征进行了详细研究。研究表明,大部分铁质鲕粒具有放射结构,并能隐约看到同心圈层,同时,在鲕粒内部及其周围发现了大量的似蓝细菌丝状体,以及铁质凝块和球粒,具有明显的微生物成因特征。因此,认为铁质鲕粒的形成与微生物密切相关,微生物参与了铁矿的形成。     

鞍山陈台沟BIF铁矿与太古代地壳增生：锆石U-Pb年龄与Hf同位素约束

新发现的陈台沟隐伏铁矿床位于辽宁鞍山附近,矿石类型以条带状铁矿石为主,铁矿层顶板围岩为绿泥石英片岩,底板围岩为黑云石英片岩.元素地球化学分析表明,铁矿石及磁铁矿单矿物均富集重稀土,具La、Eu及Y正异常,无明显Ce负异常,反映成矿物质来源于海底高温热液(约占0.1％)与海水的混合溶液,且BIF沉积时海水处于缺氧环境.标型组分分析显示铁矿石及磁铁矿属于沉积变质型或BIF型.原岩恢复表明,绿泥石英片岩原岩为酸性火山岩,黑云石英片岩原岩为泥砂质岩石,二者皆富集Rb、Th、U、LREE,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti.构造背景分析表明两类片岩的原岩均形成于岛弧背景,反映了陈台沟BIF沉积时的构造环境.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年显示铁矿体夹层绿泥石英片岩中岩浆锆石形成于2551±10Ma,代表陈台沟BIF形成时代;变质锆石形成于2469±23Ma,代表后期变质作用时代.Hf同位素分析显示大多数锆石具有正的εHf(t)值(-2.23 ～7.54),表明岩浆源区以亏损地幔物质为主,但明显受到古老地壳物质的混染;二阶段模式年龄(tDM2)主要介于3133～ 2580Ma之间.结合其他矿区Hf同位素资料,指示鞍本地区可能存在新太古代(～2.55Ga)地壳增生事件.综合分析认为,陈台沟铁矿属Algoma型BIF,是新太古代末华北克拉通大规模BIF成矿事件的代表之一.     

LZ-73型连续造斜器在兰陵铁矿勘查中的应用

LZ系列连续造斜器作为一种定向造斜的工具,广泛应用于石油领域。而在小口径固体矿产钻探,则缺乏相应的成熟技术,一直未能较大范围的推广。针对兰陵铁矿矿区的地层情况与其造成钻孔普遍偏斜的原因,结合矿区连续造斜器的应用,介绍了LZ-75型连续造斜器的工作原理和2种定向方法,以及一些使用心得。     

Sorkhe‐Dizaj Iron Oxide–Apatite Ore Deposit in the Cenozoic Alborz‐Azarbaijan Magmatic Belt,NW Iran

The Sorkhe‐Dizaj iron oxide–apatite deposit in the Cenozoic Alborz‐Azarbaijan magmatic belt, NW Iran, is hosted mainly by a Late Eocene to Oligocene quartz‐monzonitic body, and subordinately in the Eocene volcanic and volcanoclastic sequences. The Sorkhe‐Dizaj intrusive body is an I‐type granitoid of the calc‐alkaline series. Mineralization is associated with actinolization, K‐feldspar, sericitic, propylitic, and tourmaline alteration types. The orebodies are massive, banded, stockwork, and breccia in shape and occur mainly along the fault zones within the quartz‐monzonitic intrusion, volcanic, and volcanoclastic rocks. Ore minerals dominantly comprise magnetite, apatite, and monazite, as well as minor amounts of chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite. Four major paragenetic stages are discriminated in the mineralization including early, oxide, sulfide, and late stage. The Sorkhe‐Dizaj deposit is similar in the aspects of host rock lithology, alteration, and mineralogy to the Kiruna‐type deposits associated with minor Cu sulfide minerals. Spatial and temporal association of the mineralization with the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene quartz‐monzonite intrusive body suggests that the ore fluid was probably related to magmatic activity.     

安徽庐枞地区铁矿资源量估算及结果对比

矿产资源定量估算是矿产资源评价的重要内容,针对安徽庐枞地区陆相火山岩型铁矿的罗河式、龙桥式2种类型,利用地质体积法、数量化理论Ⅰ、专家估分法、品位-吨位模型法及磁测定量估算法5种比较常用的资源量估算方法分别对该区铁矿进行了资源量估算。对比分析5种方法估算结果:磁测定量估算法估算的Ⅱ级资源量(5.02亿t)结果偏低、Ⅲ级资源量(30.46亿t)偏大;专家估分法估算资源量(4.55亿t)是最低的结果;品位-吨位模型法估算资源量(13.35亿t)结果偏低;数量化理论Ⅰ应用数学模拟估算结果(20.22亿t)偏大;地质体积法充分利用了各种地质条件,估算的资源量(14.90亿t)符合该区实际。据此,地质体积法适用性较好。     

辽宁鞍本—抚顺地区新太古代含铁建造层位对比及形成时代讨论

辽宁鞍本—抚顺地区太古宙变质层状岩系,前人分别建立了太古宙鞍山群井家沟组、石棚子组、通什村组、红透山组、樱桃园组、大峪沟组和茨沟组等地层单位,这些地层单位均呈规模大小不等的包体状、孤岛状等形态赋存于太古宙变质深成岩中,各组之间大部分孤立存在,无底无顶,相互间接触关系不清,是否属于同一时期形成的产物,长期一来存在着较多的争议。通过对各岩组原岩恢复、层序对比、含铁建造、变质作用等特点和以往及近期获得高精度测年数据的分析研究,把辽宁鞍本—抚顺地区太古宙层状岩系厘定为新太古代井家沟岩组、红透山岩组、茨沟岩组和樱桃园岩组等四个构造岩石地层单位,形成时间在27²5亿a左右,为新太古代中晚期产物。     

老挝万象省爬立山铁矿成矿二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义

爬立山铁矿位于老挝．越南长山铜金铁多金属构造岩浆成矿带中段,为一大型矽卡岩型磁铁矿床。通过对矿床地质特征、岩体产出特征分析,认为该铁矿成矿作用受区内二长花岗岩岩浆活动制约。本文对含矿二长花岗岩进行了岩相学和锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年研究。所测锆石内部结构、阴极发光图像特征及Th／u比值的研究表明,二长花浏岩中的锆石为岩浆锆石。U-Th-Pb同位素分析结果显示岩体形成年龄为280．3±2．9Ma（MSWD=0．70）。结合区域构造演化及构造岩浆岩带形成的动力学机制,认为爬立山铁矿系早二叠世洋板俯冲背景下弧岩浆作用主导的产物,与长山带海西晚期大规模铜金铁矿同属于一个活动陆缘成矿系统。     

Effect of Fe3+ on the growth and lipid content of Isochrysis galbana

Inducing lipid accumulation in microalgae cells without suppressing cell growth is vital to the economical production of biodiesel from microalgae. In two experiments, we demonstrate that the cell concentration and lipid content of marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana depend upon the iron concentration in the growth media. In Experiment I, adding chelated FeCl 3 to the medium at the late exponential growth phase prolonged this phase and increased the lipid content in I. galbana cells. The fi nal cell density and lipid content of I. galbana supplemented with chelated FeCl 3 was approximately 2 and 1.65 times higher than that of non-supplemented cultures, respectively. In Experiment II, I. galbana cells in the late exponential phase were collected and re-inoculated into new media containing Fe 3+ at various concentrations. The fi nal cell concentration and lipid content were maximized at the highest iron concentration(38% biomass by dry weight at 1.2×10-5 mol/L Fe 3+). In this study, intracellular neutral lipid storage was evaluated by fl uorescent spectrophotometry using fl uorochrome Nile red, and the measurement conditions were optimized.     

夏季长江口海域溶解态铁的分布及混合行为研究

本文基于2015年7月长江口的现场调查资料,分析讨论了长江河口区溶解态铁(DFe)的含量分布与混合行为及其影响因素。结果表明:长江径流携带大量的DFe入海,且口内区(Ⅰ)浓度高于混合区(Ⅱ)和外海区(Ⅲ),平均浓度分别为166.45±6.26nmol/L,14.04±8.80nmol/L和6.18±1.51nmol/L。受去除作用和海水稀释的影响,在河口区DFe的浓度下降率达到96.92%。DFe浓度与盐度的关系符合指数模型,由模型与理论稀释线估算的长江口海域DFe的理论最大去除率为97.75%,与实际测得的最大浓度下降率相近。长江冲淡水、苏北沿岸流和台湾暖流影响DFe的水平分布。受长江冲淡水影响,长江口外海域DFe浓度高达176.50nmol/L。苏北沿岸流主要影响研究区域北部的表层水,其携带的DFe浓度低于长江冲淡水。台湾暖流是导致研究区域东南部DFe浓度较低的主要原因,使得中层和底层水中浓度分别低至4.04nmol/L和4.79nmol/L。另外,在表层海水中DFe的分布受到叶绿素a、溶解有机碳和溶解氧的共同影响,DFe与叶绿素a、溶解氧呈显著负相关,与溶解有机碳呈显著正相关。     

Geochemical impact of a low-pH cement liner on the near field of a repository for spent fuel and high-level radioactive waste

In Switzerland the geological storage in the Opalinus Clay formation is the preferred option for the disposal of spent fuel (SF) and high-level radioactive waste (HLW). The waste will be encapsulated in steel canisters and emplaced into long tunnels that are backfilled with bentonite. Due to uncertainties in the depth of the repository and the associated stress state, a concrete liner might be used for support of emplacement tunnels.Numerical reactive transport calculations are presented that investigate the influence of a concrete liner on the adjacent barrier materials, namely bentonite and Opalinus Clay. The geochemical setup was tailored to the specific materials foreseen in the Swiss repository concept, namely MX-80 bentonite, low-pH concrete (ESDRED) and Opalinus Clay. The heart of the bentonite model is a new conceptual approach for representing thermodynamic properties of montmorillonite which is formulated as a multi-component solid solution comprised of several end-members.The presented calculations provide information on the extent of pH fronts, on the sequence and extent of mineral phase transformations, and on porosity changes on cement–clay interfaces. It was found that the thickness of the zone containing significant mineralogical alterations is at most a few tens of centimeters thick in both the bentonite and the Opalinus Clay adjacent to the liner. Near both interfaces, bentonite–concrete liner and concrete liner–Opalinus Clay, the precipitation of minerals causes a reduction in the porosity. The effect is more pronounced and faster at the concrete liner–Opalinus Clay interface. The simulations reveal that significant pH-changes (i.e. pH > 9) in bentonite and Opalinus Clay are limited to small zones, less than 10 cm thick at the end of the simulations. It is not to be expected that the zone of elevated pH will extend much further at longer times.