南海北部晚第四纪颗石藻生产力变化及其影响因素

通过对南海北部MD05-2904岩心进行有机地球化学分析,以长链不饱和烯酮作为颗石藻生产力的替代性指标,讨论颗石藻生产力的变化及其影响因素。结果显示,260ka以来,颗石藻生产力有着明显的冰期/间冰期变化:冰期高,间冰期低;冰阶高,间冰阶低;在轨道尺度上岁差周期明显,反映出太阳辐射、东亚季风对颗石藻生产力在长期尺度上起调控作用;而由于特殊的地理位置,河流输送的营养盐对本区海洋初级生产力的影响可能也较大;与前人研究结果一致,同时认为,在地质历史上沉积速率变化大的区域,对生物标记物的含量和堆积速率的对比讨论,更有利于反映生产力的变化。     

长江口及其邻近海域大型底栖动物生物量、丰度和次级生产力的初步研究

为了解长江口及邻近海域大型底栖动物生物量、丰度和次级生产力的分布情况于2004年2月、5月、8月和11月共4个航次分别在长江口40个观测站采集大型底栖动物定量样品并利用Brey的经验公式对大型底栖动物栖息丰度、生物量、次级生产力和P/B值进行了研究计算.该调查海域共采到大型底栖动物202种,其中多毛类102种,软体动物51种,甲壳类27种,棘皮动物7种,其它动物15种.大型底栖动物年平均丰度为394.7 ind/m2;年平均生物量以去灰分干重计,为2.58 g(AFDW)/m2;年平均次级生产力以去灰分干重计,为3.52 g(AFDW)/(m2*a);P/B值平均为1.53.结果表明,长江口大型底栖动物次级生产力自长江入海口向东呈递增趋势.本文分析了长江口及其邻近海域大型底栖动物优势种的组成,主要生态类群的分布特征和次级生产力分布格局与生态环境的关系.通过比较,发现长江口大型底栖动物优势种发生了较大的变化;次级生产力高于东海而低于渤海和胶州湾;P/B值高于南黄海、胶州湾和渤海,也说明了长江口大型底栖动物群落中个体小、生活史短,代谢快的种类所占的比例高于以上海域.     

螺旋藻多糖对给予环磷酰胺BALB/C小鼠的保护作用研究

研究了螺旋藻多糖（ＰＳ）对环磷酰胺（ＣＹ）引起的ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠造血功能等损伤的保护作用。当给小鼠ＣＹ时能同时给予ＰＳ时，就能大大减轻因给予ＣＹ经起的造血功能障碍；能明显减缓动物因使用ＣＹ的致的体重下降以及能明显减低因ＣＹ作用的死亡率，提示使用ＰＳ对预防或减轻化疗制剂的危害是具有明显作用的。为临床化疗、放疗病人使用ＰＳ提供了依据。     

Monitoring regional sea ice of the Bohai Sea by SSM/I scattering index

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Nonlinear Effect of Wave Propagation in Shallow Water

—In this paper,a nonlinear model is presented to describe wave transformation in shallow wat-er with the zero-vorticity equation of wave-number vector and energy conservation equation.Thenonlinear effect due to an empirical dispersion relation(by Hedges)is compared with that of Dalrymple＇sdispersion relation.The model is tested against the laboratory measurements for the case of a submergedelliptical shoal on a slope beach,where both refraction and diffraction are significant.The computation re-sults,compared with those obtained through linear dispersion relation.show that the nonlinear effect ofwave transformation in shallow water is important.And the empirical dispersion relation is suitable for re-searching the nonlinearity of wave in shallow water.     

MOS-1/1b MESSR Observations of the Antarctic Sea Ice: Ice Bands and Ice Streamers

Meso- or submeso-scale features of the Antarctic sea ice are investigated using the MOS-1/1b MESSR Images (spatial resolution of approximately 50 m) received at Syowa Station. Particular attention is paid to the ice bands and ice streamers in coastal polynyas. In the Antarctic Ocean, ice bands can be often seen not only at the ice edge but also in the ice interior zone throughout the year and they extend for hundreds of kilometers in the latitudinal direction. It is found that the width and spacing of ice bands tend to decrease from winter to summer. The width of ice band is about 2–6 km in August and September, and 0.1–0.7 km in December. The spacing of ice bands is about 3–10 km in August and September, and 0.1–2 km in December. In coastal polynyas, ice streamers, which are composed of new ice, are sometimes observed. In general, the row of the streamers is spaced at 0.5–2 km with a width of 0.1–1.0 km.     

渤海大型底栖动物次级生产力的初步研究

1998年 9月和 1999年 4月分别对渤海 2 0个站进行了大型底栖动物两个航次的调查取样。整个研究海域大型底栖动物年次级生产力平均值为 6 .4 9g(AFDW) /(m2 · a) ,其中渤海海峡以东海域较高 ,为 12 .5 9g(AFDW) /(m2· a) ;渤海中部为 4 .4 6 g(AFDW) /(m2· a) ,渤海大型底栖动物年平均 P/B为 0 .82     

Biogeochemical Variation in Dimethylsulfide, Phytoplankton Pigments and Heterotrophic Bacterial Production in the Subarctic North Pacific during Summer

Dimethylsulfide (DMS), chlorophyll a (Chl-a), accessory pigments (fucoxanthin, peridinin and 19-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin), and bacterial production (BP) were measured in the surface layer (0–100 m) of the subarctic North Pacific, including the Bering Sea, during summer (14 July–5 September, 1997). In surface sewater, the concentrations of DMS and Chl-a varied widely from 1.3 to 13.2 nM (5.1 ± 3.0 nM, mean ± S.D., n = 48) and from 0.1 to 2.4 µg L^–1 (0.6 ± 0.6 µg L^–1, n = 24), respectively. In the subarctic North Pacific, DMS to Chl-a ratios (DMS/Chl-a) were higher on the eastern side than the western side (p < 0.0001). Below the euphotic zone, DMS/Chl-a ratios were law and the correlation between DMS and Chl-a was relatively strong (r ² = 0.700, n = 27, p < 0.0001). In the euphotic zone, DMS/Chl-a ratios were higher and the correlation between DMS and Chl-a was weak (r ² = 0.128, n = 50, p = 0.01). The wide variation in DMS/Chl-a ratios would be at least partially explained by the geographic variation in the taxonomic composition of phytoplankton, because of the negative correlation between DMS/Chl-a and fucoxanthin-to-Chl-a ratios (Fuc/Chl-a) (r ² = 0.476, n = 26, p = 0.0001). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between DMS and BP (r ² = 0.380, n = 19, p = 0.005). This suggests that BP did not represent DMS and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) removal by bacterial consumption but rather DMSP degradation to DMS by bacterial enzyme.     

El Nio/La Nia过程影响因子的模糊诊断分析

基于模糊系统理论，讨论了从实测信号中滤除特定干扰噪音的途径和过程，研究了从观测资料中辩识El Nino／La Nina主要影响因子的诊断检测方法。结果表明，由于模糊系统具有非线性、容错性和自适应学习等特性，因此能够比较有效地辨认和检测出El Nino／La Nina事件的主要影响因子，并大致分析出它们对不同El Nino／La Nina事件的影响程度和贡献大小。     

基于C/S与B/S混合结构的海洋科技档案管理系统的分析和设计

分析了目前海洋科技档案管理的现状和存在的问题,针对海洋科技档案管理的特点和具体的应用需求,提出了基于C／S与B／S混合结构的海洋科技档案管理系统（Marine Science＆Technology Archives Management System,MSTAMS）设计方案．基于海洋科技档案管理的工作流程,从系统的总体设计、数据库设计、功能模块划分以及安全管理体束等方面进行了论述,对其中的关键技术进行了分析和研究,为糸纯的开发和实施提供一套切实、可行、全面、先进的理论体来和技术指导,以实现海洋科技档案管理信息化、自动化和可视化,从而提高海洋科技档案管理的效率,满足目前各海洋研究系统及单位对档案管理和应用的需要．