Quick Bird影像处理及其在东大滩地表破裂带研究中的应用

以Qu ick B ird全色和多光谱影像为数据源,通过波段组合、HIS变换融合使处理后图像达到分辨率高而且接近真彩色,具有良好的识别效果;利用野外采集的6个高精度的GPS地面控制点对影像进行二次多项式几何精校正;利用校正后的影像对东大滩地表破裂带进行了应用性研究,结果表明:在空气稀薄、气候寒冷、野外考察条件极其艰苦的东大滩,通过0.61 m分辨率的Qu ick B ird影像可以较形象、直观、真实地反映东大滩破裂带的几何特征和形态特征。     

利用Quick Bird影像制作1∶2000地形图的探讨

介绍了研究利用分辨率为0.61 m的4波段融合Quick Bird卫星正射影像制作1∶2000比例尺图的可行性。重点考察是否能满足1∶2000比例尺图的精度及成图质量。     

RTK技术在公路工程中的应用探讨

本文拟采用理论与实践相结合、定性与定量分析相结合、规范分析与实证分析相结合的方法，运用GPS原理及误差分析理论，结合实例和GPS技术的优点，快捷实时地为公路测量提供基础数据，进而为公路测量提供方便、实用的技术指导。     

Quick clay—A case study of chemical perspective in Southwest Sweden

Quick clay, a soil that changes from normal firm ground to a liquid mass when it is disturbed, has been involved in most of the large and serious clay slides in Sweden, Norway and Canada. The location, time of occurrence and size of quick clay slides are difficult to predict and large slides may cause great devastation. Some geochemical studies of Swedish quick clay were done in the 1960s and early 1970s, but no systematic studies of the interrelationships of pore water chemistry, mineralogy, geotechnical properties and other parameters on quick clays in Sweden have been published. Such studies are of national and general interest because of the many combinations of rock flour source areas and sedimentation conditions that occurred across central Sweden and into the Baltic Sea area during deglaciation. In this study, geotechnical properties related to the in situ chemistry at one quick clay site were extensively studied, and spot sampling was conducted at two other locations in Southwest Sweden. In this area the clay minerals mainly are non-expanding phyllosilicate minerals (illite) and primary minerals (quartz, feldspar), which is consistent with previous studies of quick clay mineralogy. Extensive leaching has occurred at all three locations. At the extensively studied site, Surte, the lowest salinity was found at the greatest depth, inferring that the leaching by fresh water was accomplished by water movement upward and laterally through the sediment from the underlying bedrock. This is consistent with the local setting where bedrock hills rise sharply to over 100 m above the marine sediment surface. An artesian pressure would also be anticipated at this location. There is a correlation (negative) between sensitivity and salinity but there is an indication that the maximum salinity or electrical conductivity consistent with the quick clay behaviour is higher than reported elsewhere. However, for high sensitivities the salinity is about the same as reported elsewhere. In the deepest part of the borehole, there is a higher content of Fe and Al in the pore water, indicating reduced state. Further work is needed to confirm the difference in salinity and to investigate the possible interplay of salinity and potential dispersing agents such as the role of anoxic conditions, in this region. Further work is especially needed in the locations where the sediment accumulation occurred under lower salinity conditions. At all three locations, high remoulded shear strength and low sensitivity have been seen near the surface together with a decrease in pore water cation concentrations.     

利用Quick Bird全色遥感影像更新城市大比例尺地形图

利用现势的高分辨率遥感影像,经过精确的多项式变换正射几何纠正后,得到正射影像(DOM)与原有的数字线划图(DLG)叠加,经判读识别地物的变化,实现对原有地形图的快速更新.通过对地面控制点和检查点纠正的精度分析说明,利用Quick Bird遥感影像数据在地势较为平坦的城区更新1:2000比例尺的地形图是可行的.     

原位测试及快剪指标的对比与分析以大连长兴岛葫芦山湾海域海相黏性土为例

以大连长兴岛葫芦山湾海域为例, 通过对海相黏性土(Q4m)标贯、十字板及土工试验快剪指标的统计, 提出了该区域海相黏性土的标贯、十字板、土工试验快剪指标特征值, 以按深度分组统计的试验指标平均值为分析指标进行对比分析, 建立了深度及标贯、十字板、土工试验快剪指标之间的经验关系15个。     

国土资源空间数据共享模式研究

本文分析了空间数共享的四种主要模式,指出基于图片的空间数据快速浏览模式是目前一种有效的空间数据共享模式,并介绍了应用该模式的国土资源空间数据快速浏览系统。     

基于面向对象的城市地物信息提取方法研究

20世纪90年代以来,高空间分辨率遥感影像数据的处理已成为遥感领域中的热点与难点。利用具有人的思维特点的面向对象的信息提取技术,对高分辨率遥感影像中的城市用地进行分类,分析和利用高分辨率影像的空间信息、结构信息与光谱特征等,总结了面向对象解译方法的5个步骤,即影像分割、分类方法的选择、地物种类分类,知识库构建、计算机自动分类。分类结果表明：（1）克服了“椒盐现象”;（2）信息提取的总体精度为92.19％,而且各类地物信息的提取精度均有所提高,特别是利用前期分类的拓扑关系有效提取了城市水体与建筑物阴影。     

断陷盆地岩性油气藏快速勘探的实用地质-地震相结合配套技术

陆相断陷盆地岩性圈闭目标的快速识别和优选,需要先进地质理论指导与地震技术应用两方面的有机结合。本文通过对塔南凹陷岩性油气藏快速勘探过程中使用的地质理论和地震技术进行总结,建立了一套复杂断陷盆地岩性油气藏快速探明储量规模的实用地质—地震配套技术系列。在岩性油气藏勘探程度不断加深的过程中,综合采用构造分析、层序分析、相带分析和成藏分析等地质分析方法进行指导,配合使用精细构造解释、地震多属性分析、井—震约束下的拟声波波阻抗反演等地震技术,实现岩性圈闭的“定背景、定层系、定区带和定目标”,有效地解决了塔南凹陷岩性油藏勘探中遇到的地质难题,在较短的时间内实现了岩性油藏勘探的突破和基本探明。这一技术系列对同类断陷盆地岩性油气藏的勘探具有重要的借鉴和指导意义。     

中国测震台网统一地震编目

本文从总体构成、技术系统、产出流程、质量控制等方面介绍了我国测震台网现行的统一地震编目工作体系,对统一地震编目产出情况进行了简要统计分析,并与“九五”期间的地震编目产出进行了对比;最后对存在的问题进行了讨论和展望。