Late Caledonian Ductile Thrusting Deformation in the Central East Kunlun Belt, Qinghai, China and Its Significance: Evidence from Geochronology

A high-angle ductile thrusting deformation with top-to-the-north movement penetratively developed in the Proterozoic-Early Paleozoic metamorphic rocks along the Central East Kunlun belt. The deformed rocks suffered epidote-amphibolite facies metamorphism. On the basis of our previous study, we present more data in this paper to further support that the ducdle thrust deformation occurred in the later Caledonian and more detailed information about the deformation. A zircon U-Pb concordant age of 446±2.2 Ma of a deformed granodiorite in the ductile thrust zone was obtained and can be interpreted as the lower limit of the deformation. A syntectonically crystallized and also strongly deformed hornblende Ar/ Ar dating gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 426.5±3.8 Ma, which represents the deformation age. A strongly orientated muscovite gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 408±1.6Ma, representing the cooling age after the peak temperature, constraining the upper limit of the ductile thrust deformation. This ductile thru     

中国热带东,西部地区冬季气候的差异与橡胶树的引种

由于青藏高原的动力影响，使得西部地区冬季出现下沉气流，多日照，利于橡胶树的越冬，而东部则出现上升气流，少日照，不利越冬，又由于青藏高原大山体，冬季明显地阻挡低层空气平流，导致高原南侧的西部地区冬季降温和缓，有利橡胶树越冬，而东部地区因无高大山体阻挡，寒潮初期降温剧烈，后期低温阴雨天气持续甚久，易导致橡胶树的严重寒害。     

青藏高原东北缘及其邻区的地壳结构与地震关系初探

用人工地震测深资料及天然地震反演结果给出了东经９６°～１０８°，北纬３２°～４０°范围内的莫霍面埋深图，并讨论了莫霍面轮廓与中强地震发生的关系。结果表明，中强地震多发生在地壳厚度急剧变化、陡变带拐弯处及中地壳顶部存在低速层的区域内     

青海湟水盆地活动断裂构造格架激光散斑模拟试验研究

将最新研究的湟水盆地断裂构造格架设置于合理的试验材料之上，进行激光散斑模型模拟试验，取得了断裂活动特征的量化显示结果，并用于评价区域地壳稳定性．     

青海德令哈巴音郭勒河断裂带的新活动特征

在青海德令哈巴音郭勒河北侧山前冲洪积扇上新发现了一条长约60km的逆断裂带,属于本区NNW-NWW向的柴达木盆地北缘活动断裂系内的一条次级挤压构造。断裂在地貌上表现为明显的挤压逆冲断层陡坎,晚更新世晚期以来的平均垂直滑动速率为0.41±0.27mm/a。探槽剖面确定了三次古地震事件,其年代分别为距今约32.7±1.45ka、15.54±1.32ka和3.2±0.33ka。     

CHARACTERIZATION OF DEFORMATION AND X-RAY PETROFABRICS IN THE MIDDLE PART OF THE WAHONGSHAN FAULT ZONE, QINGHAI PROVINCE, NORTHWESTERN CHINA

The Wahongshan fault zone in Qinghai province is one of the most important faults in westem China. In this paper, deformation and X-ray petrofabrics have been studied in the middle segment of the fault. The results show that the formation of the fault zones can be divided into two major stages: ductile shear deformation stage and brittle deformation stage. The early stage ductile shearing leads to the formation of the NW-NNW trending mylonite zones along the fault, which is intensely cut by the late-formed brittle faults. X-ray petrofabrics of rocks near the faults indicate that the minerals in the tectonites show a great degree of orientation in the alignment. The quartz, which is a very important mineral in the tectonites, is deformed by basal face gliding or near basal face gliding, and sometimes by prismatic face sliding, which indicates that the rocks are deformed in epithermal to mesothermal or mesothermal environment, and the dynamic recrystallization also plays an important role in the formation     

被动微波遥感估算雪水当量研究进展与展望

被动微波遥感可以透过云层，全天候地提供地表一定深度的信息。星载被动微波遥感传感器的时间分辨率很高，在冰冻圈动态研究中有着重要的地位。在最近的二三十年中，大量被动微波遥感的应用都是在美国、加拿大、欧洲等地，而我国在这方面的研究相对较少。首先介绍了被动微波遥感数据在监测积雪方面的国内外研究进展，对现存的雪水当量（SWE）估算算法（和模型）的适用性进行讨论。然后，详细讨论了我国西部的青藏高原地区雪水当量的估算，阐明了利用SSM／I数据估算青藏高原地区雪水当量的复杂性，并指出了其复杂性产生的原因，提出了解决问题的方法，为该地区积雪动态的进一步研究提供了理论依据。     

青海湖南岸全新世黄土地球化学特征及气候环境意义

位于青藏高原东北部的青海湖是我国最大的内陆湖泊，通过湖相沉积进行湖区全新世环境演变研究已取得诸多成果。作者选择青海湖南岸黑马河有绝对年代控制的全新世黄土剖面，利用CaCO2、CaO、MgO和Sr元素组分以及氧、碳同位素等较为可靠的地球化学指标，尝试进行了湖区全新世黄土的分层，探讨了黄土堆积过程中的气候环境演变。结果表明，青海湖南岸的黄土按成土作用强度的不同可分为两层：上部为成土化较弱的黄土层；下部为成土化较高的古土壤层，其仍可进一步分为两个亚层。全新世湖区气候环境的波动在地球化学分布特征中有较强表现。     

Impacts of groundwater flow on the evolution of a thermokarst lake in the permafrost–dominated region on the Qinghai–Tibet plateau

As a result of global warming induced permafrost degradation in recent decades, thermokarst lakes in the Qinghai–Tibet plateau (QTP) have been regulating local hydrological and ecological processes. Simulations with coupled moisture–heat numerical models in the Beiluhe basin (located in the hinterland of permafrost regions on the QTP) have provided insights into the interaction between groundwater flow and the freeze–thaw process. A total of 30 modified SUTRA scenarios were established to examine the effects of hydrodynamic forces, permeability, and climate on thermokarst lakes. The results indicate that the hydrodynamic condition variables regulate the permafrost degradation around the lakes. In case groundwater recharges to the lake, a low–temperature groundwater flow stimulates the expansion of the surrounding thawing regions through thermal convection. The thawing rate of the permafrost underlying the lake intensifies when groundwater is discharged from the lake. Under different permeability conditions, spatiotemporal variations in the active layer thickness significantly influence the occurrence of an open talik at the lake bottom. A warmer and wetter climate will inevitably lead to a sharp decrease in the upper limit of the surrounding permafrost, with a continual decrease in the duration of open talik events. Overall, our results underscore that comprehensive consideration of the relevant hydrologic processes is critical for improving the understanding of environmental and ecological changes in cold environments.     

基于GIS的青海高寒区矿山地质环境影响程度模糊评价

青海省的矿产资源主要分布于青藏高原高寒区,处于生态环境脆弱地区,具有独特的地质环境条件,生态环境保护与矿业的开发之间矛盾突出。本文以青海省东部大通河上游的江仓煤矿四井田为例,将影响矿山地质环境质量的主要矿山地质环境地质要素概括为自然因子和人为因子二大类。为尽可能实现多因素的影响和评价因子的量化,将评价因子划分为三级,建立了矿山地质环境影响程度评价指标体系。在GIS支持下,建立影响程度评价因子数据库。利用GIS空间栅格叠加分析功能,采用三级模糊综合评判方法对矿山地质环境影响程度进行了综合评价,编制了矿山地质环境影响程度评价图。基于GIS的矿山地质环境影响程度模糊评价方法将GIS技术和模糊数学理论引入矿山地质环境影响程度评价研究之中,达到了定性、定量以及定位相结合,从而可为受损的矿山地质环境实施科学保护与治理提供更加精确的信息。