Effects of UVB on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu

PCNA has been considered as a useful marker for the estimation of growth rates of marine phytoplankton at the species level. Since dinoflagellates are noted for having many prokaryotic features in that they are the only eukaryotes to have permanently condensed chromosomes as well as lacking histones and a nucleosome, the sensitivity to UVB radiation and the validity of PCNA as a maker of growth rate in dinoflagellate need to be evaluated.Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu was investigated to valuate the UVB sensitivity in relation to cellular and molecular aspects of PCNA as a growth indicator.The effects of UVB radiation on PCNA were studied using the methods of western blots technology and whole-cell immunoflurescence with one mono-antibody. UVB changed the cell morphology, halted the growth and increased the cell size, even caused cell death to a certain extent after treatment with UVB radiation in P. donghaiense. Compared with the control, treating the algal cultures in exponential phases with UVB radiation for 24 h caused chromatin release and increases in protein levels of PCNA.     

东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)和海洋原甲藻APBM(P.micans APBM)的5.8S rDNA及其转录间隔区(ITS)的克隆和序列分析

对东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)和海洋原甲藻APBM(P．micans APBM)的5.8SrDNA及其转录间隔区(ITS)序列进行了PCR扩增、克隆和序列测定，并分析了甲藻属9株赤潮藻(7株从GenBank获得)的系统进化关系。结果表明，海洋原甲藻APBM的ITS片段(含5.8S区)为631bp，东海原甲藻的(含5.8S区)为552bp；东海原甲藻与从GenBank中获得的微小原甲藻相似程度较高，与甲藻属其他原甲藻相似程度较低；本文研究的海洋原甲藻APBM的ITS序列与其他原甲藻相似程度都较低并且在进化树上距离也较远。用ITS1或．ITS2序列构建的系统树与用ITS 5.8SrDNA序列构建的系统树反映的结果基本一致，5.8S区因过于保守似乎不适于构建系统树反映种下的亲缘关系。     

First record of Prorocentrum lima (Dinophyceae) inside harbor areas and along the Abruzzo region coast, W Adriatic

Prorocentrum lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge has been found for the first time during the summer of 2007 inside Ortona harbor and along the coast of the Abruzzo region, a slightly eutrophic area influenced by runoff from a nearby river. The investigations were conducted in two harbors and at six coastal sampling stations. Samplings were conducted using a phytoplankton net and with a pump. Average P. lima cellular concentrations were 3.2 × 10⁴ cells L⁻¹. Other well-known toxic and potentially toxic phytoplankton species have been considered. The number of toxic cells from net samples were higher than the numbers of toxic cell samples collected without the net. Occurrences of P. lima with abiotic factors revealed that temperature was positively correlated with P. lima abundance (p = 0.01), while salinity was highly negatively correlated with P. lima presence (p = 0.001). The total phytoplankton community was studied.     

Dynamics of a Prorocentrum minimum bloom along the northern coast of Sinaloa,Mexico

To investigate the relative importance of mesoscale physical events, such as upwellings and physical and chemical variables during an algae bloom of Prorocentrum minimum, 25 sampling sites were established offshore of the Navachiste Lagoon Complex on the east side of the Gulf of California. Samples were analyzed for phytoplankton concentration, water chemistry, and temperature during November 1999, January, March, April, May, and August 2000. Satellite imagery of sea surface temperature (SST) for April 2000 was processed to obtain a synoptic view of the area during the extraordinary bloom of P. minimum in the open waters of the Gulf of California. The bloom was associated with change of oceanographic conditions from moderate winds to calm period, temperature increase and high nitrate (NO₃⁻-N) and ammonia (NH₄⁺-N) content in the offshore waters. Depletion of these nutrients during the bloom suggests that this species uses both types of nitrogen substrates. Cysts in the northernmost sampling stations in January and March indicate that upwelling water, rich in nitrates, also carried a seed stock population of P. minimum. SST patterns in the satellite imagery suggest wind-forcing as the responsible mechanisms triggering the algal bloom offshore of the Navachiste Lagoon Complex.     

Assessing impacts of invasive phytoplankton: The Baltic Sea case

There is an increasing understanding and requirement to take into account the effects of invasive alien species (IAS) in environmental quality assessments. While IAS are listed amongst the most important factors threatening marine biodiversity, information on their impacts remains unquantified, especially for phytoplankton species. This study attempts to assess the impacts of invasive alien phytoplankton in the Baltic Sea during 1980-2008. A bioinvasion impact assessment method (BPL - biopollution level index) was applied to phytoplankton monitoring data collected from eleven sub-regions of the Baltic Sea. BPL takes into account abundance and distribution range of an alien species and the magnitude of the impact on native communities, habitats and ecosystem functioning. Of the 12 alien/cryptogenic phytoplankton species recorded in the Baltic Sea only one (the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum) was categorized as an IAS, causing a recognizable environmental effect.     

北部湾三角棘原甲藻(甲藻门原甲藻目)的形态观察和18S rDNA序列分析

利用光学显微镜、分子生物学方法,对分离自广西北部湾海域的三角棘原甲藻Prorocentrum triestinum BBW-02藻株的形态特征进行了描述,并探讨了其分子系统进化关系。三角棘原甲藻BBW-02细胞呈长卵形或披针形,细胞长20~26μm,宽10~14μm,顶刺形如矛尖,刺丝胞孔数量较少,排列不规则,主要分布于壳板边缘,距离细胞底端1/3处壳板两侧各有2个近于对称排列的刺丝胞孔。18S rDNA序列同源检索和系统进化分析表明,三角棘原甲藻BBW-02与其他地理株系的三角棘原甲藻聚为一支,亲缘关系密切,遗传差异仅为0.000~0.001。与其他种类相比,三角棘原甲藻BBW-02与同属中的P.gracile亲缘关系最近。     

流式影像仪在东海海域甲藻藻华研究中的应用

有害藻华对海水养殖、人类健康和生态安全构成威胁,已成为全球性的生态灾害.近20年来,米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)、东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)等甲藻形成的有害藻华在东海海域连年暴发,其频率高、危害大,形成及演变机理复杂,对藻华原因种进行监测是开展有害藻华预警和防控的...     

利玛原甲藻产毒差异及影响因素研究进展

利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrumlima,P.lima)是全球广泛分布的有害赤潮藻类,也是腹泻性贝毒(DiarrheticShellfish Toxins,DSTs)的主要产生藻之一,其产生的DSTs给海洋环境、渔业及人类健康带来了严重的危害。研究发现,全球范围内不同P.lima藻株的产毒能力具有显著差异,多种环境因子如营养盐、盐度、光照等因素均会对P.lima的产毒能力产生影响,从而决定了不同区域贝类中DSTs的风险。本文比较分析了全球范围内P.lima的产毒差异,并重点解析了环境因子对其产毒能力的影响,对于全球范围内P. lima产毒能力差异及影响因素形成了较为系统的科学认知,对未来开展P. lima海洋生态学及食品安全研究具有重要的借鉴意义。