信息增益在地震趋势估计中的应用

从熵中信息增益的定义出发，将地震中的能量和频度作为一个整体考虑，研究了全球１９００－１９９２斫Ｍ≥６．０地震的信息增益。结果表明，强震前有信息增益减小的特点。信息增益方法的引入，为利用中小地震进入地震跟踪预报提供了一个新途径。     

Short Term and Short Range Seismicity Patterns in Different Seismic Areas of the World

The aim of this work is to quantitatively set up a simple hypothesis for occurrence of earthquakes conditioned by prior events, on the basis of a previously existing model and the use of recent instrumental observations. A simple procedure is presented in order to determine the conditional probability of pairs of events (foreshock-mainshock, mainshock-aftershock) with short time and space separation. The first event of a pair should not be an aftershock, i.e., it must not be related to a stronger previous event. The Italian earthquake catalog of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica (ING) (1975–1995, M 3.4), the earthquake catalog of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (1983–1994, M 3.0) and that of the National Observatory of Athens (NOA) (1982–1994, M 3.8) were analyzed. The number of observed pairs depends on several parameters: the size of the space-time quiescence volume defining nonaftershocks, the inter event time, the minimum magnitude of the two events, and the spatial dimension of the alarm volume after the first event. The Akaike information criterion has been adopted to assess the optimum set of space-time parameters used in the definition of the pairs, assuming that the occurrence rate of subsequent events may be modeled by two Poisson processes with different rates: the higher rate refers to the space-time volume defined by the alarms and the lower one simulates earthquakes that occur in the nonalarm space-time volume. On the basis of the tests carried out on the seismic catalog of Italy, the occurrence rate of M 3.8 earthquakes followed by a M 3.8 mainshock within 10 km and 10 days (validity) is 0.459. We have observed, for all three catalogs, that the occurrence rate density for the second event of a couple (mainshock or aftershock) of magnitude M₂ subsequent to a nonaftershock of magnitude M₁ in the time range T can be modeled by the following relationship: (T, M₂) = 10^{a + b(M1 - M2)} with b varying from 0.74 (Japan) to 1.09 (Greece). The decrease of the occurrence rate in time for a mainshock after a foreshock or for large aftershocks after a mainshock, for all three databases, obeys the Omori's law with p changing from 0.94 (Italy) to 2.0 (Greece).     

柔性版印刷网点扩大与变形的研究与控制

从柔版印刷传递过程入手，分析印刷压力、加网线数、印版硬度等影响网点增大的几个主要因素，通过实验得到它们之间的影响曲线，最终提出控制柔版网点增大的控制方法，有利于实际生产中提高柔性版印刷品的质量。     

Using the TCEV distribution function with systematic and non-systematic data in a regional flood frequency analysis

Due to the social and economic implications, flood frequency analysis must be done with the highest precision. For this reason, the most suitable statistical model must be selected, and the maximum amount of information must be used. Floods in Mediterranean rivers can be produced by two different mechanisms, which forces the use of a non-traditional distribution like the TCEV. The information can be increased by using additional non-systematic data, or with a regional analysis, or both. Through the statistical gain concept, it has been shown that in most cases the use of additional non-systematic information can decrease the quantile estimation error in about 50%. In a regional analysis, the␣benefit of additional information in one station, is propagated to the rest of␣the␣stations with only a small decrease with respect to the at-site equivalent analysis.     

FPGA在时间测量中的应用

利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的内部资源，在FPGA中实现了高精度时间间隔测量系统的设计。     

南方丘陵地区路域植被光谱处理与分析

以长沙—湘潭高速公路路域植被为研究对象,进行植被实地调查和野外光谱测定,分析主要植被类型光谱曲线,健康植被与非健康植被光谱差异,对植被光谱数据进行一阶微分和微分增量处理对比研究。研究表明:光谱反射率一阶微分和微分增量处理对消除土壤背景对地物光谱影响均有效,但微分增量处理更能突出植被信息。研究对遥感植被光谱分析具有一定参考价值。     

数字滤波技术在射电天文测量中的应用

随着数字技术的发展，数字信号处理芯片的速度越来越快，这为高速数字滤波的实时实现提供了可能。简要阐述了数字滤波的原理，并对两种数字滤波的实现方法进行了分析；给出了数字滤波较模拟滤波的优势；介绍了数字滤波在射电天文测量中的各种应用。     

射电天文台址电子设备电磁辐射评估

射电望远镜具有极高的系统灵敏度,且系统内、系统间及台址内电子设备众多,电磁环境复杂,科学合理地评估台址内电子设备辐射发射对射电天文观测的影响,对系统电磁兼容性设计、无线电管理、屏蔽改造等有重要的指导意义。浅析了射电望远镜系统灵敏度及射电天文领域仪器设备辐射发射相关评估标准;基于射电望远镜系统灵敏度及观测需求,计算了南山25 m射电望远镜馈源口面干扰电平限值,并给出了天线旁瓣增益的计算方法;提出一种基于干扰电平限值、旁瓣增益、干扰测量、路径衰减的电子设备电磁辐射评估方法,并针对南山25 m射电望远镜天线驱动电磁辐射进行了评估,给出了屏蔽需求。     

手持式激光测距仪前级接收通道的相关问题研究

介绍了手持式激光测距仪前置放大电路的设计方法,并且针对便携式设备供电的特殊性,给出了单电源供电放大电路的解决方案,较好地解决了前级接收通道电路设计的相关问题.     

红外焦平面探测器信息获取与预处理电路设计

针对中国科学院上海技术物理研究所研制的1500元红外线列焦平面探测器的输出特性,提出了以低噪声运放为核心的信息获取电路和以FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)为核心的数据预处理的设计方案,实现了驱动电路和探测器的良好匹配,较好地发挥了探测器高灵敏度的特性.测试结果表明,该方案不仅对系统获得优于50 mK噪声等效温差的高灵敏度成像起到了重要作用,足够宽的量化设计还保证了系统的动态范围和图像的丰富层次.该设计方案已成功应用在一些其他类型的红外焦平面探测器中.