溆浦县龙王江锑金矿带地质特征

矿带主要赋存于板溪群五强溪组上段之韧性剪切断裂带内,由近80条规模不等、含金性不一的锑金石英脉组成。金的富集与金属硫(砷)化物关系密切,毒砂是其主要载金矿物。褪色带内硅化、毒砂化是近矿围岩标志,砷是其标型元素。     

成烃理论的发展——（Ⅱ）煤成油及其初次运移模式

近几年来，我国针对侏罗系煤系地层的油气勘探，取得了重大突破。在我国西北区的一些含煤盆地中都发现了丰富油气矿藏。煤成油的勘探开发和研究，是对陆相生油理论的重大发展，本文介绍了秦匡宗提出的一种利用＾１３Ｃ ＮＭＲ谱确定油潜力碳、气潜力碳和芳构碳评价生油气潜力的新方法，以及一种煤成烃的阶段性初次运移模式。     

Growth Dynamics, Production, and Nutrient Status of the Seagrass Cymodocea nodosa in a Mediterranean Semi-Estuarine Environment

Abstract. Cymodocea nodosa is a relatively small seagrass species which is common in the Mediterranean. An intensive survey on its growth and production was carried out in a dense, monospecific stand located in a semi-estuarine embayment. Data on leaf appearance and growth, shoot recruitment and death, rhizome growth, above- and belowground biomass, and nutrient content in the different parts of the plant were obtained over 2 years. All these variables showed a clear seasonality. In general, maximum growth and production occurred in early summer (July), and maximum biomass was reached between July and September. Biomass, shoot density, growth and production showed clear minima in winter.     

山东近岸水域的初级生产力

近几年来,我们对山东近岸34个海岛和一些海湾进行了综合性调查,本文主要根据这些调查的实测资料.在综合分析整理的基础上.获得了山东近岸水域浮植物的现存量(叶绿素 a)为0.91mg/m~2,初级生产力水平为310.2mg/(m~2·d),基本接近温带海洋近岸水域标准;其分布特征是以莱州湾、渤海海峡、千里岩海区为最高,宫家岛、鸭岛海区为最低;季节变化显著,主要显示双峰型特征.根据初级生产力的测定结果,我们对山东近岸水域潜在的各级生物生产力做出了初步估算,旨在为山东近岸水域开展海水增养殖,合理开发海洋资源提供科学依据.     

Spatial and temporal variability in coccolithophore abundance and production of PIC and POC in the NE subarctic Pacific during El Niño (1998), La Niña (1999) and 2000

Seasonal variations in coccolithophore abundance, chlorophyll, nutrients and production of particulate organic and inorganic carbon (POC and PIC) were determined along a coastal to oceanic east-west transect (Line P) culminating at Ocean Station Papa in the northeastern subarctic Pacific between 1998 and 2000. Offshore stations generally exhibited low seasonality in chlorophyll concentrations, with moderate seasonality in POC production. Near shelf stations showed a similar pattern to offshore stations, but were also characterized by sporadic events of higher POC productivity. During the 1998 El Niño, June was characterized by low chlorophyll and POC productivity along the transect, presumably as a result of depleted surface nitrate. In contrast, during the 1999 La Niña, and in 2000, higher POC productivity and surface nitrate occurred along the transect in June. Chlorophyll and POC productivity were similar in late summer in all 3 years. The coccolithophore population was usually numerically dominated by Emiliania huxleyi, particularly in June. Along the transect, abundance of coccolithophores was much higher in June during the 1998 El Niño (mean of 221 cells ml⁻¹) than in the 1999 La Niña (mean of 40 cells ml⁻¹), with their abundance in late summers of both years being very low. Abundances were even higher along the transect in June and the late summer of 2000 with sporadic ‘blooms’ of >1000 cells ml⁻¹ at some stations (cruise averages 395 and 552 cell ml⁻¹, respectively). Production rates of PIC did not consistently correlate with areas of high coccolithophore abundance. PIC production was high (100-250 mg C m⁻² d⁻¹) along the transect during June 1998, and low (1-40 mg C m⁻² d⁻¹) during both winters, June 1999 and during late summers of 1998 and 1999. The year 2000 was more complicated, with high rates of PIC production accompanying high abundance of coccolithophores in late summer, but lower rates of PIC production accompanying high coccolithophore numbers in June. Our data suggest that the abundance of coccolithophores and the production rates of PIC in the subarctic are higher than previously thought. Occasional PIC:POC production ratios of 1 or greater in 1998 and 2000 suggest that coccolithophores in this region could have a significant impact on the efficiency of the biological carbon pump.     

WEST: A northern California study of the role of wind-driven transport in the productivity of coastal plankton communities

The “Wind Events and Shelf Transport” (WEST) program was an interdisciplinary study of coastal upwelling off northern California in 2000–03. WEST was comprised of modeling and field observations. The primary goal of WEST was to better describe and understand the competing influences of wind forcing on planktonic productivity in coastal waters. While increased upwelling-favorable winds lead to increased nutrient supply, they also result in reduced light exposure due to deeper surface mixed layers and increased advective loss of plankton from coastal waters. The key to understanding high levels of productivity, amidst these competing responses to wind forcing, is the temporal and spatial structure of upwelling. Temporal fluctuations and spatial patterns allow strong upwelling that favors nutrient delivery to be juxtaposed with less energetic conditions that favor stratification and plankton blooms. Observations of winds, ocean circulation, nutrients, phytoplankton and zooplankton off Bodega Bay and Point Reyes (38°N) were combined with model studies of winds, circulation and productivity. This overview of the WEST program provides an introduction to the WEST special issue of Deep-Sea Research, including the motivation for WEST, a summary of study components, an integrative synthesis of major research results to-date, and background on conditions during field studies in May–June 2001 (the upwelling period on which this special issue is focused).     

河南省城市体系功能组织研究

本文通过分析河南省城市体系功能组织的区域背景,提出了“一点三圈”式设想,并在明确城市体系等级层次的基础上,论述了首位城市郑州和核心城市圈、中间城市圈、周边城市圈的功能组织方式。     

Primary production of Inner Mongolia, China, between 1982 and 1999 estimated by a satellite data-driven light use efficiency model

Declining biological production as a part of an ongoing land degradation process is considered a severe environmental problem in the dry northern and northwestern regions of China. The aim of this study is to develop and adapt a satellite data-driven gross primary production model called Lund University light use efficiency model (LULUE) to temperate conditions in order to map gross primary production (GPP) for the Grasslands of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR), China, from 1982 to 1999. The water stress factor included in the original model has been complemented with two temperature stress factors. In addition, algorithms that allocate the proportions of C3/C4 photosynthetic pathways used by plants and that compute temperature-based C3 maximum efficiency values have been incorporated in the model.The applied light use efficiency (LUE) model is using time series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), CLouds from AVHRR (CLAVR) from the 8-km resolution NOAA Pathfinder Land Data Set (PAL). Quasi-daily rainfall and monthly minimum and maximum temperatures, together with soil texture information, are used to compute water limitations to plant growth. The model treats bare soil evaporation and actual transpiration separately, a refinement that is more biophysically realistic, and leads to enhanced precision in our water stress term, especially across vegetation gradients.Based on ground measurements of net primary production (NPP) at one site, the LULUE reproduces the variability of primary production better than CENTURY or NDVI alone. Mean annual GPP between 1982 and 1999 range from about 100 g/m² in desert regions in the west to about 4000 g/m² in the northeast of IMAR, and the coefficient of variation for GPP is highest near the margins of the deserts in the west where rainfall is erratic. Linear trends fitted through the 18-year time series reveal that the western regions have encountered no change, while a large area in the center of the IMAR shows marked increases in GPP. In the northeast, negative trends in GPP are noted and coincide with rainfall trends. Though the high inter-annual variability in primary production undermines the identification of significant trends, we could not isolate any general decline in grassland primary production.     

Organic matter accumulation of Late Ordovician sediments in North Guizhou Province,China: Sulfur isotope and trace element evidences

The organic-rich Upper Ordovician sediments (Wufeng and Guanyinqiao Formations) on the Yangtze platform are considered to be one of the main source rocks. Here we present geochemical proxies, including redox indicator (S/C ratios and sulfur isotopes) and productivity indices (TOC, Mo and Ba contents), from Nanbazi section in North Guizhou province, South China, in order to investigate the mechanism of organic matter accumulation. The geochemical data suggest a stagnant and anoxic environment predominated the Yangtze Sea during the Wufeng period, whereas ventilated and oxygenated marine conditions pervaded the Yangtze Sea during the Guanyinqiao period. Variations in the concentration of TOC, Mo and Ba indicate that higher organic carbon export in the Wufeng intervals than those in the Guanyinqiao intervals. These variations in redox and productivity during the late Ordovician were associated with different mechanisms and forcing processes. The abrupt change from anoxic to oxygenated condition at the beginning of the Guanyinqiao was concomitant with the global glacial period, likely resulted from the glacio-eustatic sea-level fall and subsequent circulation of cold, dense oxygenated waters upon the shelf seabed. The productivity variations were related to the change of nutrient supply, which is consistent with volcanic activities and runoff to the Yangtze Sea. Redox changes, together with primary productivity fluctuations could have played a significant role on the variation of organic matter accumulation during the late Ordovician in South China.     

内蒙古阿拉善呼口塞勒铜矿床Ⅱ号矿体原生叠加晕特征

研究了内蒙古阿拉善呼口塞勒铜矿床Ⅱ号矿体100线剖面原生叠加晕特征,结果表明,100线剖面+1 308~1 141m标高的轴向分带序列(由上到下)为W-Ni-As-Pb-Mo-Cu-Co-Au-Zn,有明显的相互叠置特征,地球化学参数在中段逐渐减小,可以确定矿体是多个成矿阶段叠加形成的。2个主成矿阶段形成的矿体部分叠加,矿体上部经过较强的剥蚀,但还有一定的延深。此次原生叠加晕的研究为下一步钻探施工提供了依据,明确了在该区继续进行原生晕研究的方向。