胶东中生代动力学演化及主要金属矿床成矿系列

胶东处于古特提斯和太平洋两大成矿域的结合部位,经历了强烈的中生代构造岩浆活动和重要金属矿床成矿作用。本文通过对中生代各期岩浆活动背景、典型矿床成因类型的分析判别,结合区域地质构造特征,总结提出胶东中生代成岩成矿动力学演化主要受扬子板块、华北板块碰撞造山作用和古太平洋板块俯冲作用影响,并可划分为晚三叠世陆陆碰撞造山期,中侏罗世被动陆缘向活动陆缘转换、地壳增生期,早白垩世早期地壳增生向垮塌转换期,早白垩世中期岩石圈大规模拆沉、壳幔强烈作用期,早白垩世晚期陆缘弧俯冲作用期,和晚白垩世早期弧后岩石圈强烈伸展期六个演化阶段,分别对应着区域~205Ma、160~155Ma、135~125Ma、125~115Ma、115~100Ma、100~90Ma等六期主要金及多金属成矿作用;形成的贵金属及有色金属矿床具有较为明显的时空分布规律,大致包括6个矿床成矿系列,分为9个亚系列和16个矿床式。自西向东,可划分出莱州西部、招远-平度、栖霞-蓬莱-福山、胶莱盆地东北缘、牟平-乳山、文登-威海、荣成等7个贵金属、有色金属成矿区(带)。区内造山型金矿仍是找矿的重点,斑岩型有色金属矿床可望取得突破,中低温热液脉型多金属矿床应受到充分重视。     

辽西建昌盆地九佛堂组珍稀化石层的划分与对比

为研究热河生物群的鸟类、爬行类和被子植物的早期演化、辐射迁移、生物多样性及其协同进化,笔者在建昌盆地测制了九佛堂组剖面,并系统采集了以珍稀化石为重点的生物化石。结合前人研究成果,将九佛堂组自下而上分为第一段至第三段,其中九佛堂组第一段西店层含鸟类、爬行类和龟类等珍稀化石,尚见介形类化石Cypridea decorosa,C.jianchanensis,Yumenia jianchanensis,Limnocypridea slundensis,L.levigata,L.rara等,表明该层的介形类化石与喀左九佛堂小孤山—烧锅地剖面及朝阳县波罗赤小北山—黄道营子剖面的九佛堂组第一段下部介形类化石组合面貌基本一致,其所在层位亦应相当。     

张广才岭成矿带铁力-玉泉有色金属、贵金属矿带成矿特征分析

论述了张广才岭成矿带铁力－玉泉有色金属、贵金属矿带中的各类矿床与燕山早期、中期及印支晚期岩浆侵入作用的成因关系,指出侵入岩的控矿作用。并分析成矿特征与成矿规律,指出了找矿方向。     

Precious coral fisheries management in Taiwan—Past,present & future

Taiwan used to have the biggest precious coral fisheries industry in the world. However, due to changes in the fishery, including increased fishing restrictions and the replacement of obsolete vessels, the scale of the industry had been gradually reduced since 1979. Unfortunately, the initiative proved to be poorly managed and resulted in an increase in illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) coral fishing. This forced the government to review and amend the precious coral fisheries management regulations, which had been in place for decades. The Taiwanese government introduced stringent monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) management methods, already used in deep water fisheries, as a precautionary approach. At the same time, an investigation and evaluation of existing resources was carried out. Together, these initiatives were introduced in order to encourage the domestic industry to adopt the concept of ecosystem-based fishery management.     

蒙—甘—新相邻（北山）地区两种新类型贵重金属矿床的发现及其意义

蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区地处塔里木、哈萨克斯坦-北山和西伯利亚板块交汇处,区内深大断裂纵横交错,各类岩浆岩分布广泛,金属矿床(点)星罗棋布,是我国北方最重要的金属矿化集中区之一.近几年来,随着该区矿产地质调查工作的全面开展,本区金属矿床理论研究和找矿勘查均获重要进展,特别是白山铼(钼)矿床和流沙山金(钼)矿床的发现与厘定,致使本区再度成为国内外矿床地质学家关注的"热点”.认真研究和分析上述2种新类型矿床的产出环境和地质特征,不仅有助于贵重金属矿床形成过程的了解,而且对在北山海西期岩浆岩发育区进一步寻找新类型贵重金属矿床具有重要指导意义.     

Determination of Precious Metal Concentrations in a Polymetallic Nodule Reference Sample from the Indian Ocean by ICP-MS

A polymetallic nodule reference sample (No. 2388)collected from the Indian Ocean, and seven other samples, two from the United States Geological Survey, USA (Nod-A-1 and Nod-P-1), three from Russia (OOPE 601, OOPE 602, and OOPE 603), and two from China (GSPN-2 and GSPN-3), collected from different loca tions, are available for calibration purposes and as control samples in the analytical programs for polymetallic nodules and associated sediments to ensure accurate measurements. They are not certified for precious metal concentrations, however, and the data available are very scanty. An attempt has been made to provide working values for platinum, palladium, gold, and silver and indicative values for osmium, iridium, and ruthenium in these eight ferromanganese nodule reference samples, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To assess the accuracy of the method, certified reference materials, WPR-1, WMS-1, WMG-1, and WGB-1 Canadian Certified Materials Project (CCRMP, Canada) were analyzed, and the data obtained were compared with the certified values. The estimate of analytical reproducibility was found to be better than 15 % RSD for most elements with comparable accuracy. The data presented for this set of manganese nodule reference samples may be useful in geochemical studies of manganese nodules and associated sediments.     

Resource Management of Precious Corals:

Abstract. Precious corals as a group consist of a variety of species which belong to several classes of Anthozoan corals. In general, all are long lived, slow growing and are characterized by slow rates of annual recruitment and adult mortality. In favorable environments, where large beds of commercial quantity exist, their life history parameters often approximate steady state. In such instances, fishery management models in which the assumption of steady state is explicit, can be applied to their management. In this paper, the history and ecology of precious corals are reviewed in light of modern attempts of resource management using fishery models. In Hawaii, the BEVERTON and HOLT model has been adapted for the management of black, pink and gold coral species. The application of this model as it applies to precious corals is described and an example is given illustrating that it can also be used for shallow water reef building corals which form discrete colonies.     

A data processing method for MAPR hydrothermal plume turbidity data and its application in the Precious Stone Mountain hydrothermal field

Hydrothermal plume is an important constituent of seabed hydrothermal circulation and is also one of the characteristics of active hydrothermal vents. Portable Miniature Autonomous Plume Recorders （MAPR） attached to a towed deep-sea instrument was used to search for hydrothermal plumes and hydrothermal vents. We introduced the basic principle of MAPR based on deep towing technology to detect plumes, then analyzed the factors affecting the quality of the MAPR data and presented a data correction method for MAPR, including instrument location correction, noise reduction processing, system error elimination and seawater background reduction. Finally we applied the method to analyze MAPR data obtained during the Chinese DY115-21 cruise on R/VDayang Iin the “Precious Stone Mountain” hydrothermal field on the Gala-pagos Microplate. The results provided a better understanding of the distribution of the hydrothermal activ-ity in this field, indicating the presence of a new hydrothermal vent.     

Lithostratigraphic and structural reconstruction of the Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag-Au Lemarchant volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit,Tally Pond group,central Newfoundland,Canada

The Lemarchant volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit (1.24 Mt grading at 0.58% Cu, 5.38% Zn, 1.19% Pb, 1.01 g/t Au, and 59.17 g/t Ag) is a bimodal-felsic VMS deposit hosted within the Late Cambrian (∼513–509 Ma) Tally Pond group of the Exploit Subzone in central Newfoundland, Canada. The deposit is hosted by andesitic volcaniclastic and volcanic rocks with subordinate dacite flows. The mineralisation is hosted by the dacites and is overlain by pillowed and massive basalts.Four structural breaks offset the local stratigraphic sequences including: 1) the LJ syn-volcanic shear zone; 2) the KJ syn-volcanic shear zone; 3) the Lemarchant thrust; and 4) the Bam normal fault. Deformation of the Lemarchant likely occurred during the Penobscot orogeny (486–478 Ma). Early deformation is marked with the local deformation of the LJ and KJ syn-volcanic shear zones during NW-SE compression which coincided with the development of the Lemarchant thrust. A late (<465 Ma) east trending normal fault, the Bam fault, affected the central portion of the Lemarchant area and down-faulted the southern portion of the study area relative to the northern portion.Immobile element systematics of all the sequences from the Lemarchant deposit are tholeiitic with transitional Zr/Y ratios (1.9–6.6), La_n/Sm_n ratios <1 (normalised to upper crust), and have primitive mantle extended rare earth elements profiles with slight light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched patterns with flat heavy REE (HREE), and weak to strong negative Nb, Zr, and Ti anomalies. Together, these geochemical features, coupled with an FIIIa signature, and existing mineralogical and Nd-Pb isotope data, are consistent with the rocks at the Lemarchant deposit having formed within a shallow (<1500 m) arc or migrating cross-arc seamount chain located within a young peri-continental rifted arc along the margin of Ganderia, within the Iapetus Ocean. The estimated shallow water emplacement of the deposit likely allowed boiling near or at the rock-sea water interface, ultimately resulting in precious metal enrichment of the Lemarchant deposit. It is suggested that cross-arcs within rifted arc environments may represent favourable exploration targets for precious metal-enriched VMS deposits.     

低熔点亲铜元素(LMCE)熔体超常富集贵金属的机制及其识别标志

低熔点亲铜元素(LMCE) As、Sb、Bi、Hg、Pb、Se、Te、Tl、Sn等,均具有亲铜性、低熔点、半金属的特性,在成矿过程中可以形成LMCE熔体,并对Au、Ag、PGE等贵金属的高效富集沉淀起到一种重要的桥梁作用。作者对前人研究资料与LMCE热力学相图进行了分析,并结合浅成低温热液型、造山型、卡林-类卡林型、碱性-偏碱性侵入岩型金矿床的研究成果,探讨了LMCE熔体形成、类型及其对Au、Ag、PGE等贵金属富集成矿的机理,并提出了LMCE熔体参与成矿的矿物组合与结构特征标志。LMCE熔体可以在岩浆过程、(岩浆)热液过程及变质过程中形成,是贵金属矿床重要的成矿机制之一。LMCE熔体中存在大量原子团簇,团簇间的聚集生长会使熔体难以达到相平衡,形成许多非平衡矿物组合,如包含LMCE的自然元素、金属互化物及含LMCE的多相矿物。Au在LMCE熔体中也可以团簇存在,金团簇聚集形成球状或片状,并形成巨富的金矿体。LMCE熔体形成的矿物常以浑圆状、近浑圆状、不规则状的单个或群体组合的乳滴、珠滴、气泡的微粒包体产在硫化物、硒化物、碲化物、氧化物和硅酸盐矿物内或沿矿物裂隙线形排列,这些LMCE微粒...