黑龙江鸡西早白垩世侧羽叶一新种-城子河侧羽叶 (Pterophyllum chengzihense sp.nov.)

根据产于黑龙江鸡西早白垩世城子河组一种侧羽叶属(Pterophyllum)植物化石的外形特征及表皮构造研究,确认该种属于本内苏铁类(Bennettitales)植物,并有别于其他植物类群。据此,新建一新种—城子河侧羽叶(新种)Pterophyllumchengzihensesp.nov.,并讨论了该新种在研究中国东北地区早白垩世植物化石中的意义。     

云南拱丁金矿中富银黄铜矿的初步研究

富银黄铜矿发现于云南省沧源佤族自治县斑洪乡拱丁金矿石英脉内,该矿是以金(银)为主的多金属硫化物矿床。共生矿物有自然金、银金矿、自然银、银黝铜矿及辉锑铅银矿等。     

Salt tectonics,a controlling factor on the development of the Marseilles and Grand-Rhone sedimentary ridges,Gulf of Lions,western Mediterranean Sea

The Marseilles (also called Marseilles/Planier) and Grand Rhone sedimentary ridges, offshore the Gulf of Lions, western Mediterranean Sea, are generated by sediment spillover funnelled by the Marseilles and Grand-Rhone canyons, respectively. We show that the Marseilles and Grand-Rhone canyon directions are tectonically conditioned by Plio-Quaternary salt-induced sea-floor relief. Overburden extension in the area created an assemblage of listric faults running parallel to the strike of the continental margin. This salt-induced topography resulted in accentuated fault scarps impacting the sea-floor morphology and forcing submarine valleys to deflect to the east. Gravity-induced extension equally influenced the morphological pattern of the valley overbanking deposits. Sediment spillover occurred on both flanks of the canyons, but because active faulting generated space accommodation for overflow deposits, it inhibited the development of typical levee morphology along the canyons' left flanks. To cite this article: A.T. dos Reis, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

Comportement d'une source karstique soumise à une sécheresse prolongée : la source Bittit (Maroc)

The behaviour of a karstic spring (Bittit spring, Middle Atlas, Morocco) subjected to a prolonged drought (>20 yr), is analysed using spring hydrographs analysis methods and correlation and spectral methods. Two series of discharges, corresponding to a normal rainfall period and a drought period, are analysed. The results show that the karstic system is inertial, with very significant storage. However, in spite of the great regulating capacity of the storage, the long drought period significantly reduced the spring discharges, due to less diversified inputs, and to the karstic system storage depletion. To cite this article: F. Amraoui et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

A New Genus of Psittacosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) and the Origin and Early Evolution of Marginocephalian Dinosaurs

An almost complete juvenile dinosaur skull with lower jaw was discovered from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, China. Here, the specimen is described and a cladistic analysis is performed in order to find its phylogenetic relationships. The result shows that this specimen represents a new genus of Psittacosauridae, Hongshanosaurus houi, gen. et sp. nov., and confirms the monophyletic status for Ceratopsia and Marginocephalia. However, Heterodontosaurus is found to be the sister taxon to Marginocephalia, rather than a basal Omithopoda.     

Réflexions sur la formation des bandes de Forbes : l'instabilité de la fusion de la glace saleReflections on the formation of Forbes ogives: the instability of fusion of dirty ice

Forbes ogives show alternations of dark (ice + mineral dust) and light bands at the surface of certain glaciers. We propose to understand their origin by the influence of the content of mineral matter on the lowering of the temperature and pressure of ice fusion and upon the increase of fusion velocity. We are then in an unstable situation: a local increase in the mineral content being induced by the fusion process, which in turn increases; this creates a dark band. The movement of the glacier cannot keep up with the fusion: pressure is lowered again below the fusion point, and a white band is formed. To cite this article: B. Guy et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 1061–1070.     

Simulation des changements climatiques au cours du XXIe siècle incluant l'ozone stratosphériqueSimulation of climate changes during the 21st century including stratospheric ozone

Two climate simulations of 150 years, performed with a coupled ocean/sea-ice/atmosphere model including stratospheric ozone, respectively with and without heterogeneous chemistry, simulate the tropospheric warming associated with an increase of the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide and other trace gases since 1950 and their impact on sea–ice extent, as well as the stratospheric cooling and its impact on ozone concentration. The scenario with heterogeneous chemistry reproduces the formation of the ozone hole over the South Pole from the 1970s and its deepening until the present time, and shows that the ozone hole should progressively fill during the coming decades. To cite this article: J.-F. Royer et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 147–154.     

环境因子对Synechocystis sp.钙化动力学的影响

蓝藻钙化普遍发生于淡水和盐水环境,对叠层石的形成和碳循环有重要意义。本文模拟研究了pH值、光照强度、水动力、温度等环境因子对Synechocystis sp．藻类钙化动力学的影响。实验表明,pH值为7．5的弱碱环境和一定强度的水动力条件有利于Synechocystis sp．的钙化,过低或过高的水动力都不利于钙化;在5、15和25℃三个梯度范围内,温度为25℃时有利于钙化,且钙化速率与生物量密切相关;3000 lux的光照强度下,Synechocystis sp．钙化速率最大,更高的强度下钙化速率反而急剧下降,低浓度钙离子发生的钙化作用以生物钙化为主,高浓度下以生物引发的物理化学钙化为主。     

基于多核学习遥感解译的水边线提取及海岸侵蚀风险评估方法研究与应用——以大蒲河-滦河岸段为例

为了对典型海岸带的侵蚀风险程度进行量化统计与评估,采用卫星遥感技术对目标岸段开展动态监测,以多核学习技术进行图像分类及岸线提取,基于水边线逐年位置变化提出一种海岸侵蚀风险评估方法,并以大蒲河-滦河岸段为例进行了应用,得出了该岸段所处的侵蚀风险级别,为下一步海岸带的保护与修复提供了数据支撑。     

Metabolic and physiological regulation of Chlorella sp.(Trebouxiophyceae,Chlorophyta) under nitrogen deprivation

A freshwater green microalgae Chlorella sp., UMACC344 was shown to produce high lipid content and has the potential to be used as feedstock for biofuel production. In this study, photosynthetic effciency, biochemical pro?les and non-targeted metabolic pro?ling were studied to compare between the nitrogen-replete and deplete conditions. Slowed growth, change in photosynthetic pigments and lowered photosynthetic effciency were observed in response to nitrogen deprivation. Biochemical pro?les of the cultures showed an increased level of carbohydrate, lipids and total fatty acids, while the total soluble protein content was lowered. A trend of fatty acid saturation was observed in the nitrogen-deplete culture with an increase in the level of saturated fatty acids especially C16:0 and C18:0, accompanied by a decrease in proportions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Fifty-nine metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, phytochemical compounds, vitamins and cofactors were signi?cantly dysregulated and annotated in this study. Pathway mapping analysis revealed a rewiring of metabolic pathways in the cells, particularly purine, carotenoid, nicotinate and nicotinamide, and amino acid metabolisms. Within the treatment period of nitrogen deprivation, the key processes involved were reshu ? ing of nitrogen from proteins and photosynthetic machinery, together with carbon repartitioning in carbohydrates and lipids.