Effectiveness of the structural fisheries policy in the European Union

This paper presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the community structural policy in the fisheries sector by comparing the relative level of compliance with objectives (reduction of fleets and economic viability) with the mechanisms that have been implemented (structural funds and allocation of quotas). On the one hand, this analysis shows that there is a positive correlation between the level of structural funds and the attainment of goals. On the other hand, it was found that the greater the relative availability of quotas, the poorer the countries performed in complying with the objective of reducing the fishing capacity, and the higher the expectations of achieving acceptable yields. These correlations, however, were not very strong.     

Success in heading north?: South Korea's master plan for Arctic policy

South Korea's seven governmental ministries and agency jointly announced a “Master Plan for Arctic Policy” on December 10, 2013. This represents the state's first comprehensive Arctic policy document. This paper aims to analyze the Korean government's Master Plan from both the legal and policy perspectives, as well as to make constructive comments for its improvement. Environmental changes, the need for scientific research, growing economic optimism about the Arctic region, and political leadership have led South Korea to head north. These four factors form the basis for the Master Plan. This document outlines Korea's vision (to be a reliable and responsible partner in this polar region), three policy goals, four strategies, and thirty-one projects connected to the Arctic region. The formation of the Master Plan has been an opportunity for South Korea to organize and compile all the various Arctic activities independently conducted by governmental ministries and agency. In order to improve South Korea's Arctic policy since the Master Plan, the author recommends that the nation prioritize its projects according to its needs and the feasibility of each project. Prudence is required in the drafting and implementation of Arctic policy to respect Arctic states' sovereignties and sovereign rights over the Arctic areas. Finally, strengthening cooperation with the Arctic states and at Arctic forums is indispensable. In particular, bilateral cooperation is essential for South Korea to perform economic activities such as the exploration for oil and gas.     

活动断层、地震灾害与减灾对策问题

本文在对活动断层的定义和相关概念的论述基础上,通过活动断层与地震灾害间空间分布上的相关性分析,以及海原断裂带松山和阿尔金断裂带阿克塞老城西等地点的探槽地质剖面的介纠等,揭示出活动断层近地表永久性地质变形的局部化特征,永久变形带宽度一般小于30m。文章最后介绍了美国加州地震断层划定法案的主要内容和活动断层填图计划作为积极有效减灾的一项公益性对策,指出中国大陆地区应有步骤地开展大比例尺活动断层填图来有效地减轻可能遭遇的地震灾害。     

辽宁沿海经济带经济与环境协调发展度的时空演变

经济与环境协调发展度是衡量一个地区可持续发展能力的重要定量指标。本文构建了辽宁沿海经济带经济与环境协调发展度评价指标体系,运用协调发展度模型对研究区域2000～2009年的协调发展度进行计算及时空演变分析。研究发现:在时间演变方面,辽宁沿海经济带经济与环境区域综合协调度呈“V”型发展趋势,区域综合协调发展度呈稳步上升趋势,且各城市协调发展度所属类型层次较高,整体上达到中级协调发展类水平;在空间演变方面,辽宁沿海经济带六大城市大致可分为三大类型,且东部、南部城市较西部、北部城市发展更为协调,但各城市空间差异逐步缩小。本研究还分别从宏观政策调控、产业结构升级、区域布局优化及环保门槛提高等方面,分析了辽宁沿海经济带经济与环境协调发展度时空演变机理,指出辽宁沿海经济带在上述因素的驱动下,经济综合发展水平和环境综合承载能力均有所提高,但由于产业同构、海岸带生态脆弱等现象的存在,转变经济增长方式,推动区域经济与环境协调发展仍然是未来发展的主要任务。     

Integrating Natural Resource Management for Better Environmental Outcomes

Severe problems of fragmented policies and uncoordinated implementation undermine natural resource management in Australia. There have been promising signs of progress through activities such as the National Forest Policy, Council of Australian Government water reforms, National Land and Water Resources Audit, the Murray‐Darling Basin initiative and the National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality to integrate resource policies. There have also been some notable successes at State and local level. But fragmentation endures. This paper provides evidence of the enduring problem of fragmentation and presents a framework to analyse Australia's experience in natural resource management. The analysis reveals the multi‐dimensional character of the problems and identifies a diverse set of actions that need to be taken to improve integration in policy and implementation. Particular attention is given to the potential for regional programs to contribute to improved integration and NRM.     

粤北山区区域差距与协调发展战略研究--以广东省韶关市为例

为了测度粤北山区的韶关市区域内部和外部的差距，首先对广东省的市际和地带性差距进行了分析，然后测度和分析了韶关市各县（市）区域差距的变动趋势。进而分析了韶关市现有区域协调政策的成绩和存在的问题。在此基础上，提出了韶关市的区域协调发展战略：建立健全多层次的区域协调机构；加大纵向和横向政府财政转移支付的力度；加强与相邻相关地区的协调；进行指引型区域管治。     

Functional substitution of coordination polyhedron in crystal structure of silicates

On the bases of the study of comparative crystal chemistry of silicates it has been concluded that the octahedra and square pyramids of Ti-0 and Zr-0 play functional role of tetrahedra of Si-0 in the construction of crystal structures. Therefore, those silicates may be named titano-and zircono-silicates. Because of the functional similarity of coordination polyhedra, the structures of cristobalite and feldspar have been compared with those of perovskite and garnet, respectively. As a new concept, the functional replacement of tetrahedra by octahedra and/or pyramids is defined by the authors of this paper for favorable comparison of relative crystal structures.     

氧化物晶胞参数和配位多面体几何要素的关系

氧化物矿物中的化学键主要是离子键,结构可看成配位多面体以不同方式相连形成,因此,晶胞参数可用配位多面体几何要素表示,这样求得的晶胞参数与实测晶胞参数间的相对误差一般在百分之几。     

硅酸盐玻璃和熔体中硅和铝的配位与局部结构:K边X射线吸收光谱研究

硅酸盐玻璃和熔体中硅和铝的配位与局部结构：Ｋ边Ｘ射线吸收光谱研究＊李迪恩（中山大学地质系，广州５１０２７５）关键词硅酸盐玻璃和熔体硅和铝的配位Ｘ射线吸光谱高压下硅酸盐矿物和玻璃中的硅可以形成八面体配位［１］，但在通常的低压硅酸盐玻璃中，硅和铝为四面体...     

蒙山矿的晶体结构

本文对产于我国山东的新矿物蒙山矿(Mathiasite)进行了晶体结构精测。蒙山矿的晶体化学式为:(K、Ca、Sr)(Ti、cr、Fe、Mg、Zr)_(21)O_(38),三方晶系,空间群R,晶胞参数:a_o=10.3722,c_o=20.7161(六方定向),a_R=9.1403,a=69.187°(菱面体定向)。应用RASA-5RP自动转靶四圆单晶衍射仪,对蒙山矿收集了独立的1554个衍射强度。经结构解析和修正,求得了晶体中各原子的坐标、温度因子、占位度。并计算了原子的间距和键角。结构修正的偏离因子: R=0.047。蒙山矿产于金伯利岩中,形成于高温高压下。通过结构测定,确定了该矿物中Ti、Cr、Mg、K等元素的配位形式,特别是查明了Zr在这种以Ti为主的复杂氧化物中有独立的结晶学位置,并有缺席现象。以上研究成果丰富了金伯利岩中金属副矿物的矿物学和晶体化学内容。