Actually achieving marine sustainability demands a radical re-think in approach, not 'more of the same'

The UK is committed to meeting a series of ‘high-level marine objectives’ which are required to satisfy national obligations and to meet international commitments for the marine environment. There are more than 16 such international high-level policy driven obligations and commitments, together with more than 18 European and more than 12 of national origin. In the UK, there is an assumption that the current and planned monitoring will provide evidence to demonstrate achievement against these high-level objectives.     

长株潭城市群公路交通与区域协调发展研究

长株潭城市群是长江中游地区的重要组成部分,是开展新时期公路交通与区域协调发展研究的理想区域。从区域协调发展与主体功能区建设的视角,系统分析长株潭城市群公路交通发展的理论基础与现状特征,发现目前公路交通在路网结构、职能分工、产业统筹、公共交通、资源环境等方面存在诸多突出问题。在此基础上,构建以资源节约、环境友好、以人为本、区域一体为核心内涵的公路交通发展新模式,并从主体功能区划、空间拓展、产业布局、生态环境保护、体制与机制创新等维度提出公路交通与区域协调发展的对策。     

Charting the emergence of ‘global water initiatives’ in world water governance

Over the last century, the aperture of water governance has widened beyond local and regional schemes to include a growing number of dynamic organizations and events with a “global” scope. Until recently, little had been written about the historical development of global water governance, institutional connectivity within the field, or key organizational successes and failures as perceived by water experts. This paper provides water scientists, managers, policymakers, and those with an interest in international water issues with an overview of global initiatives. It charts the emergence of a set of institutions and events, referred to as “global water initiatives,” or GWIs, using a survey of water experts and other research. Institutional diversity among GWIs is described by defining four distinct types of initiatives and specific differences in scope and programmatic orientation. This overview also entails the historical paradigms of water management, evaluation of the results of the growth and proliferation of numerous new GWIs in recent decades, and some recommendations for supporting and sustaining GWI efforts in order to foster and improve multilevel water management in the future.     

循环经济——资源合理开发与利用的科学基础

世界经济的持续增长带来的“资源危机”或“资源安全”问题,促使人们寻求资源集约型经济和循环经济的新理念.本文根据生态学规律,指出按照资源-生产/消费-再生资源的循环经济模式发展经济,是缓解中国资源压力和经济持续发展的基本模式,阐释了循环经济的概念与基本特征,论述了发展循环经济以实现我国资源可持续利用的必要性和可行性,并对我国资源利于如何发展循环经济提出了相应的对策.     

Local Agenda 21 and Barriers to Sustainability at the Local Government Level in Victoria,Australia

At the 1992 Rio 'Earth Summit', Australia joined other nations in committing to processes leading to the formulation of 'Local Agenda 21s' (LA21s) by 1996. Subsequently, in the latter year, Whittaker carried out a national survey of local government authorities to evaluate what progress had been made. Whittaker's conclusion was that progress in Australia had been slow, but ten 'leading-edge' Victorian councils were identified through a self-reporting process. In this paper we discuss the concept of LA21, analyse in closer detail the 'progress' that has been made in the ten Victorian councils, and discuss some of the broader forces that, we argue, have made LA21 formulation increasingly difficult, particularly in the state of Victoria in the recent past.     

我国城市化进程中的城市空间演化研究

分析我国城市化进程中城市空间演化的问题。提出协调我国城市化进程与城市空间演化过程的对策建议 :协调重点是盘活现有城市用地 ;协调核心是控制城市用地的外延扩张 ;协调关键是优化城市用地结构 ;协调保障是强化城市土地利用规划和城市规划的宏观指导作用     

城市剖面分析的方法和实证

提出了城市剖面概念。城市剖面主要反映了城市内部发展水平的差异。通过对城市剖面沿程的空间实体信息和行人社会属性信息的观测研究,可以定量分析城市内部发展过程,为研究城市演变、地域级差及空间扩展提供新方法。以大连市为例,选择长江路—黄河路为剖面线,利用主成分分析方法得到剖面各观测点的城市综合发展指数分布,并对城市发展中的景观建设和社会人文两大系统的协调度进行分析和评价。结果表明:(1)沿城市剖面线可将大连城市划分为三部分:城市发展综合指数最高的城心地区;指数较高的中间市区;指数低于平均水平的外围市区。(2)大连市景观与人文两大系统的协调度由高到低依次是城心地区、外围市区、中间市区。     

制度变迁与房地产业发展-匈牙利的经验和启示

东欧前社会主义国家匈牙利,经过数年市场化改革和体制转型,实现了国内经济的快速增长和国民生活的不断改善。本文基于匈牙利房地产业的发展背景和现状,探讨并分析了匈牙利政府在国内房地产业相关发展政策及管理举措方面可供借鉴的若干经验和启示。     

区域可持续发展的一种评价模型:综合协调度——以广东省沿海城市为例

采用层次分析法(AHP)和主成分分析法建立了一种区域可持续发展定量评价的指标体系和综合协调度模型,确定了评价指标体系的权重,并根据广东省沿海14个地市1995年至2004年的统计数据,对其可持续发展综合协调度进行了定量评价。结果表明:(1)广东省沿海区域可持续发展的综合协调度总体上呈现上升趋势,但东中西部分布不均衡,呈现粤中较高东西两翼较低的格局;(2)14个沿海地市中,1995年综合协调度均处于较弱水平(Ⅳ),到2004年,只有深圳、广州的综合协调度超过0.4,达到中等协调水平(Ⅲ),而其它地市仍处于较弱水平(Ⅳ)的综合协调度阶段。     

利益统筹视角下的城市更新实施路径——以广州城中村改造为例

存量建设土地再开发过程中对增值利益的合理分配是推动城市更新实施的关键,而多方参与主体为此进行的复杂利益博弈,则是城市更新工作的阻力。鉴于此,以广州城中村改造为例,基于利益主体博弈视角,分析城市更新政策演进中利益分配格局的转变,并从价值导向、权益认定和管理体系三方面阐释影响城市更新主体利益平衡难、博弈周期长的难点,进而从促进存量时代城市更新实施的目标出发,结合改造方案编制的技术要点、审批流程与制度设计,从“公共优先、权益共享、一体化实施”3个方面提出了利益统筹的对策,以及引导价值转变,到合理认定权益,并通过管理体系统筹利益分配的实施路径,以加快城市更新共识的达成,实现存量土地价值盘活。