Three-dimensional nonlinear analysis for seismic soil–pile-structure interaction

A three-dimensional method of analysis is presented for the seismic response of structures constructed on pile foundations. An analysis is formulated in the time domain and the effects of material nonlinearity of soil on the seismic response are investigated. A subsystem model consisting of a structure subsystem and a pile-foundation subsystem is used. Seismic response of the system is found using a successive-coupling incremental solution scheme. Both subsystems are assumed to be coupled at each time step. Material nonlinearity is accounted for by incorporating an advanced plasticity-based soil model, HiSS, in the finite element formulation. Both single piles and pile groups are considered and the effects of kinematic and inertial interaction on seismic response are investigated while considering harmonic and transient excitations. It is seen that nonlinearity significantly affects seismic response of pile foundations as well as that of structures. Effects of nonlinearity on response are dependent on the frequency of excitation with nonlinearity causing an increase in response at low frequencies of excitation.     

Capacity evaluation of statnamic tested long piles

A procedure that uses the structural damping (SD) concept for estimating the capacity of a pile based on the Statnamic (STN) pile load test results, formerly used by the authors for short piles, is extended in this paper for the STN tested long piles. Similar to segmental unloading point method procedures for long piles, the shaft length is divided into several segments and each segment is assumed to behave as a mass of a single degree of freedom. The SD concept is then applied to each segment to consider the displacement related soil damping instead of the velocity dependent damping. Instrumented strain gauge data at different levels of the shaft are required for the interpretation method. Three case studies are presented in this paper to study the validity and applicability of the present method. The predicted results are also compared to the available test or analytical data.     

喀斯特地区大直径人工挖孔桩设计及技术难点

简要分析大直径嵌岩灌注桩的承载机理，根据国家现行规范，结合地方实践经验。对岩溶地区大直径人工挖孔桩设计与施工中的若干难点技术作初步探讨。     

石灰岩地区砼灌注桩抽芯检测实例

以灰岩地区砼灌注桩两个抽芯工程为例，介绍灰岩地区砼灌注桩抽芯检查过程中应注意的问题，为砼灌注桩抽芯检查积累经验。     

水平定向钻进铺设管线的测量技术

对于安全优质水平定向钻进铺设管线来说，测量技术至关重要。介绍了施工前对已有地下管线和土层的探测、钻进时对钻头的跟踪和导航、以及铺设管线前后的测量问题，还介绍了测量仪器的工作原理、基本性能和适用范围。     

浅谈浅海桩基导管架式采油平台的施工安装

桩基导管架式采油平台是海上油气生产的主要设施,它在胜利油田海上石油开发中发挥了重要的作用。文中主要通过对导管架平台施工安装工艺过程和要求进行了探讨,并简单介绍了导管架式采油平台的结构,并根据以往胜利油田海上导管架平台施工的经验和特点,结合该区域的实际情况及有关规定要求,按照导管架的施工安装原则,对导管架陆上制作过程中的下料、组装和探伤等方面进行了概述,对导管架海上施工过程中的装船、运输、定位、吊装、打桩、灌浆等方面进行了详细的分析和探讨,并结合有关法规和标准的要求,提出了一套合理的导管架海上施工安装工艺。     

定量风险评估在导管架海上安装工程中的应用

定量风险评估是风险评估发展的主要趋势。论文基于TOPS IS和神经网络响应面法,提出一种定量风险分析方法,并运用此方法对导管架海上安装过程进行深入分析,以及时查找并消除各方面的事故隐患。首先找出潜在的风险事件及相关风险因素,然后对风险事件的模糊概率和损失程度后果进行量化,最后依据风险评价结果对需要控制的风险事件给出控制措施。实例表明,该方法是一种实用而有效的定量风险评估方法。     

Extension of tube wave detection for quality evaluation of pile foundation

Based on the theory of tube wave propagation in a fluid-filled borehole, this paper proposes a new method for detecting the integrity of pile foundation and overcomes some limitations of the existing pile integrity tests. The basic principle of detecting the pile integrity by the tube wave, testing equipment and concrete quality evaluation of piles are introduced. The feasibility of the tube wave detection for geological exploration of a bridge pile in a karst development area is verified by field tests. Through some test cases of prestressed high strength concrete pipe piles, cast-in-place piles and rock-socketed piles with defects, the accuracy of the tube wave detection and other methods is compared. Then, some issues of the application of the tube wave for detecting pile defects are discussed. Finally, the content of this paper is summarized, and some suggestions on further research are put forward.     

新型双船起重拆除平台试验研究

拆除大型海上结构物是一项非常复杂且充满挑战的工程。现提出一种新型海上平台拆除方案,该方案利用三条半潜船来代替具有重型起重装置的单一船舶,通过两艘相同的半潜船将平台上层建筑托起,随后运至第三艘半潜船上完成平台拆除。在风浪流作用下,半潜船和平台的所处方位和运动姿态一直处于动态变化中,这对船舶调节压载的稳定性以及双船运动的同步性提出了要求。为了确保该方案的高效性和安全性,设计了一套完整的模型试验装置,包括船舶模型、平台拆卸辅助设备、六自由度运动采集与分析系统、控制系统、无线通讯系统以及测量系统。开展了相应的水池试验,试验结果验证了双船起重拆除平台方案中双船协同运输这一关键环节的可行性和安全性。