Turning depths of internal tides in the South China Sea inferred from profile data

Theoretically, propagating internal tides in the ocean may reflect at turning depths, where buoyancy frequencies equal tidal frequencies, before colliding with the air-sea interface or rugged bottom topography. Globally, the internal tide lower turning depths（ITLTDs） in the open ocean have been mapped; however, knowledge of the presence of ITLTDs in the South China Sea（SCS） is lacking. In this study, 2 125 high-quality temperature-salinity profiles（including 58 deep-sea hydrographic measurements...     

1970-2019年黄浦江上游年最高潮位变化及驱动因子

黄浦江年最高潮位变化关系到上海市的防洪安全,本文基于米市渡站1970－2019年年最高潮位、太湖流域降水量等数据,研究了近50 年来黄浦江上游年最高潮位的变化趋势和变异特性、发生频率变化以及潮位变化的驱动因子。结果表明：年最高潮位在1970－2019年总体呈显著上升趋势,上升幅度为81 cm,年均上升1.62 cm。1995年之后出现跳跃式的波动上升,1996－2002年相对1995年之前较大幅度上升,2003－2011年相比1996－2002年出现较明显下降,之后又较大幅度上升。随着潮位升高,各频率对应的最高潮位均较大幅度增加,升高幅度均达0.9 m以上,五十年一遇、百年一遇、千年一遇高潮位分别由1970年条件下的3.77 m、3.81 m、3.94 m升高到2019年条件下的4.71 m、4.75 m、4.92 m。与此同时,相同潮位下的重现期急剧减小,高潮位发生频率大幅度增加。分析认为,年最高潮位升高受气候变化和人类活动的综合影响,1970－1995年主要受降水量变化等气候因素的影响,1996－2019年主要受水利工程、台风频率增加等因素的影响,尤其是太湖流域太浦河等工程的修建起重要作用。     

印度尼西亚海及周边海域层结的时空变化特征分析

本文利用World Ocean Atlas 2013 (WOA13)和Simple Ocean Data Assimilation version 3.1.1 (SODA v3.3.1)温盐资料,分析印尼贯穿流(ITF)路径及所经印度尼西亚海及周边西太平洋、南海和东印度洋海域的层结强度(N²)和跃层特征的三维时空变化特征。结果表明,气候态下ITF 3条路径上跃层平均N²差异较小,其中中部路径平均值最大,为10^−3.68 s⁻²,东部路径平均值最小,为10^−3.71 s⁻²;各路径跃层深度和厚度存在明显差异,东部路径跃层深度和厚度最大,分别为124 m和192 m,中部次之,西部最小为99 m和143 m,并且印尼海的跃层深度和厚度平均值均小于其他海域。印尼海N²存在显著的季节变化和4～7 a的多年周期变化,其中年际变化可能主要受厄尔尼诺−南方涛动事件影响。季节上,在印尼海域内,ITF 3条路径夏季层结强度均小于冬季(北半球夏冬季),夏、冬两季N²差值最大可达到两个量级。1993−2015年的长期变化趋势显示,印尼海及周边大部分海域的层结强度呈现增强趋势,其中印度洋中部和哈马黑拉海23 a内最大层结增强近0.1个量级。     

Dynamical features of near-inertial motions in global ocean based on the GDP dataset from 2000 to 2019

Based on the latest oceanic surface drifter dataset from the global drifter program during 2000–2019, this study investigated the global variation of relative frequency shift(RFS), near-inertial energy(NIE) and inverse excess bandwidth(IEB) of near-inertial motions, and analyzed their relations with oceanic mesoscale dynamics, relative vorticity and strain. Compared with previous works, we have some new findings in this study:(1) the RFS was high with negative values in some regions in which we found a significant blue shift of the RFS in the equatorward of 30°N(S) and from 50°N to 60°N in the Pacific, and a red shift in the western boundary currents and their extension regions, the North Atlantic and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current regions;(2) more peak values of the NIE were found in global regions like the South Indian Ocean, the Luzon Strait and some areas of the South Ocean;(3) the global distribution of the IEB were characterized by clear zonal bands and affected by vorticity and wind field;(4)the RFS was elevated as the absolute value of the gradient of vorticity increased, the IEB did not depend on the gradient of vorticity, and the eddy kinetic energy(EKE) weakened with the decrease of the absolute value of RFS;(5) the NIE decreased with increasing absolute value of the relative vorticity and the gradient of vorticity, but it increased with increasing strain and EKE when EKE was larger than 0.003 2 m~2/s~2.     

超声回弹综合法检测单一构件混凝土强度推定值的保证率分析

在实际工程检测数据的基础上,利用M on te C arlo试验对单一构件混凝土强度推定值的保证率问题进行了分析。30片梁板实测数据分析结果表明:将构件各测区混凝土强度换算值的最小值作为该构件的混凝土强度推定值的保证率范围为79.0%~94.2%,小于《超声回弹综合法检测混凝土强度技术规程》(CECS 02:88)规定的95%保证率要求,因此,对结构性能鉴定而言该混凝土强度推定值是偏于不安全的,应引起试验检测人员的充分重视。     

Stable 85Rb micro vapour cells: fabrication based on anodic bonding and application in chip-scale atomic clocks

We describe the microfabrication of ⁸⁵Rb vapour cells using a glass-silicon anodic bonding technique and in situ chemical reaction between rubidium chloride and barium azide to produce Rb. Under controlled conditions, the pure metallic Rb drops and buffer gases were obtained in the cells with a few mm³ internal volumes during the cell sealing process. At an ambient temperature of 90 ℃ the optical absorption resonance of ⁸⁵Rb D1 transition with proper broadening and the corresponding coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance, with a signal contrast of 1.5% and linewidth of about 1.7 kHz, have been detected. The sealing quality and the stability of the cells have also been demonstrated experimentally by using the helium leaking detection and the after-9-month optoelectronics measurement which shows a similar CPT signal as its original status. In addition, the physics package of chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC) based on the cell was realized. The measured frequency stability of the physics package can reach to 2.1×10^-10 at one second when the cell was heated to 100 ℃ which proved that the cell has the quality to be used in portable and battery-operated devices.     

南麂海域台风影响过程中的波浪特征

根据１９８３－１９８９年南麂海洋站在台风影响过程中的实测风和浪资料，分析了该海域的波浪特征。结果表明，这个海域的台风波浪通常是混合浪，在台风影响过程中出现的最大值波高，既有较大波陡的风浪，也有波陡较小的清浪；各向波高的均值变化不大，各向最大波高却有较大幅度的差距；本区的台风浪以４级波高占优，风浪以ＮＮＥ向、涌浪以Ｅ向为常浪向；波高为４级的风浪和涌浪，其周期分别在４．０－４．９Ｓ和７．０－７．９Ｓ之     

不同固有频率比条件下圆柱双自由度涡激振动特性的数值研究

采用RANS方法,结合SST k-ω湍流模型,对不同顺流向与横顺流向固有频率的比值(即固有频率比,fnx/fny)条件下低质量比圆柱体的双自由度涡激振动进行了二维数值模拟。圆柱体的质量比为2.6,雷诺数范围为2 500~18 750,相应的约化速度范围为2~15,包括了经典试验中出现的整个锁定范围。通过研究发现,固有频率比是影响振动特性的重要参数,随着固有频率比的增加,响应幅值逐渐降低且向更高的约化速度偏移;在低约化速度范围内,固有频率比对顺流向和横流向振动之间的相位差以及升力频率有较大影响,从而得到各种不同偏向的8字形轨迹;最后对不同固有频率比条件下的尾涡模式进行了讨论,给出了对应不同约化速度时的尾涡模式。     

2016下半年安达曼海潮、余流观测分析

The characteristics of currents and tidal currents in the Andaman Sea(AS) are studied during the second half of2016 using observed data from a moored acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP) deployed at 8.6°N, 95.6°E.During the observation period, the mean flow is 5–10 cm/s and largely southward. The root mean square and kinetic energies of the low and high frequency flows, which are divided by a cutoff period of 5 d, are at the same level, indicating their identical importance to the total current. A power spectrum analysis shows that intraseasonal oscillations, a tidal-related semilunar month signal, a semidiurnal tidal signal and periods of 3–4 d are prominent. The barocliny of an eddy kinetic energy is stronger than the mean kinetic energy, both of which are the strongest on the bottom and the weakest at 70 m depth. Residual currents are largely southward(northward) during the summer(winter) monsoon season. Two striking peaks of the southward flow cause the 80 d period of meridional currents. The first peak is part of a large-scale circulation, which enters the AS through the northern channel and exits through the southern channel, and the second peak is part of a local vortex. The 40 d oscillation of the zonal current is forced by geostrophic variations attributed to local and equatorial remote forcing. The tidal current is dominated by semidiurnal constituents, and among these, M2 and N2 are the top two largest major axes. Moreover, astronomical tidal constituents MM and MSF are also significant. Diurnal constituents are weak and shallow water tides are ignorable. The aims are to introduce the new current data observed in the AS and to provide initial insights for the tidal and residual currents in the Andaman Sea.