Mean flow and variability in the southwestern East Sea

The Ulleung Basin is one of three deep basins that are contained within the East/Japan Sea. Current meter moorings have been maintained in this basin beginning in 1996. The data from these moorings are used to investigate the mean circulation pattern, variability of deep flows, and volume transports of major water masses in the Ulleung Basin with supporting hydrographic data and help from a high-resolution numerical model. The bottom water within the Ulleung Basin, which must enter through a constricted passage from the north, is found to circulate cyclonically—a pattern that seems prevalent throughout the East Sea. A strong current of about 6 cms⁻¹ on average flows southward over the continental slope off the Korean coast underlying the northward East Korean Warm Current as part of the mean abyssal cyclonic circulation. Volume transports of the northward East Korean Warm Current, and southward flowing East Sea Intermediate Water and East Sea Proper Water are estimated to be 1.4 Sv (1 Sv=10⁻⁶ m³ s⁻¹), 0.8 Sv, and 3.0–4.0 Sv, respectively. Deep flow variability involves a wide range of time scales with no apparent seasonal variations, whereas the deep currents in the northern East Sea are known to be strongly seasonal.     

用Matlab中的Neural Network Toolbox仿真赤道东太平洋SST的预报模型

基于ＮＣＥＰ／ＮＣＡＲ再分析资料和ＣＯＡＤＳ海洋资料中的全球月平均海平面气压场、８５０hPa纬向风场及海洋温度场，利用Ｍatlab中的Ｎeural Network Toolbox仿真环境和ＢＰ模型改进算法比较准确地仿真和反演出了南方涛动指数、赤道纬向风指数和滞后的赤道东太平洋海温之间的动力结构和预报模型。该模型具有很好的拟合精度和可行的预报效果。可在一定时效内预测赤道东太平洋月平均海温的变化趋势。由于所建系统是具有直接因果关系的预报模型，因此不仅可直接用于预测，而且可有效避免类拟非线性微分方程组在积分过程中由于对初值敏感性而可能产生的对预报结果的不确定性。     

运用德尔菲调查—灰色统计法确立水库鱼产力综合评价中的指标权重体系

本文运用德尔菲方法对水库鱼产力综合评价中指标权重的合理分配问题作了专家调查,并采用灰色统计法对调查结果进行归纳处理,从而确立了一个水库鱼产力影响因素诸层次各方面的评价指标权重体系,可供今后的评价工作参考使用。     

抑制栉孔扇贝第一极体对受精卵染色体行为及胚胎倍性组成的影响

采用细胞松弛素B（CB）处理，栉孔扇贝（Chlamys ferreri）抑制其受精卵的第一极体（PB1），研究抑制PB1对受精卵减数分裂过程及胚胎倍性组成的影响。结果发现，抑制第一极体显著改变了受精卵的染色体行为，在第二次减数分裂过程中共发现4种典型染色体分离类型，分别是三极分离（41．7％）、二极分离（11．7％）、双二极分离（24．9％）和非同步分离（2．8％），其余的受精卵（19．0％）染色体分离行为紊乱。对4-8细胞期胚胎的倍性组成进行分析，发现处理组中含有二倍体（10．9％）、三倍体（12．5％）、四倍体（19.5％）、五倍体（12．6％）以及非整倍体（46．6％）胚胎。研究结果表明，二极分离和双二极分离分别是形成三倍体和四倍体的主要机制，而其他的染色体分离行为将主要形成非整倍体。     

Circulation and currents in the southwestern East/Japan Sea: Overview and review

A review is made of circulation and currents in the southwestern East/Japan Sea (the Ulleung Basin), and the Korea/Tsushima Strait which is a unique conduit for surface inflow into the Ulleung Basin. The review particularly concentrates on describing some preliminary results from recent extensive measurements made after 1996. Mean flow patterns are different in the upstream and downstream regions of the Korea/Tsushima Strait. A high velocity core occurs in the mid-section in the upstream region, and splits into two cores hugging the coasts of Korea and Japan, the downstream region, after passing around Tsushima Island located in the middle of the strait. Four-year mean transport into the East/Japan Sea through the Korea/Tsushima Strait based on submarine cable data calibrated by direct observations is 2.4 Sv (1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s⁻¹). A wide range of variability occurs for the subtidal transport variation from subinertial (2–10 days) to interannual scales. While the subinertial variability is shown to arise from the atmospheric pressure disturbances, the longer period variation has been poorly understood.Mean upper circulation of the Ulleung Basin is characterized by the northward flowing East Korean Warm Current along the east coast of Korea and its meander eastward after the separation from the coast, the Offshore Branch along the coast of Japan, and the anticyclonic Ulleung Warm Eddy that forms from a meander of the East Korean Warm Current. Continuous acoustic travel-time measurements between June 1999 and June 2001 suggest five quasi-stable upper circulation patterns that persist for about 3–5 months with transitions between successive patterns occurring in a few months or days. Disappearance of the East Korean Warm Current is triggered by merging the Dok Cold Eddy, originating from the pinching-off of the meander trough, with the coastal cold water carried Southward by the North Korean Cold Current. The Ulleung Warm Eddy persisted for about 20 months in the middle of the Ulleung Basin with changes in its position and spatial scale associated with strengthening and weakening of the transport through the Korea/Tsushima Strait. The variability of upper circulation is partly related to the transport variation through the Korea/Tsushima Strait. Movements of the coastal cold water and the instability of the polar front also appear to be important factors affecting the variability.Deep circulation in the Ulleung Basin is primarily cyclonic and commonly consists of one or more cyclonic cells, and an anticyclonic cell centered near Ulleung Island. The cyclonic circulation is conjectured to be driven by a net inflow through the Ulleung Interplain Gap, which serves as a conduit for the exchange of deep waters between the Japan Basin in the northern East Sea and the Ulleung Basin. Deep currents are characterized by a short correlation scale and the predominance of mesoscale variability with periods of 20–40 days. Seasonality of deep currents is indistinct, and the coupling of upper and deep circulation has not been clarified yet.     

青藏高原中部湖泊沉积物中Zr/Rb值及其环境意义

由于青藏高原及其周边地区构造复杂,湖泊沉积物中的粒级差别很大,单一的测量方法往往难以奏效。Rb、Zr是表生地球化学过程中的稳定元素,但它们之间也存在显著差别,Rb一般富集在细颗粒中,Zr则在粗颗粒中含量较高。研究发现,湖泊沉积物中Zr/Rb比值与粘土(<2μm)含量存在显著相关,Zr/Rb值反映了湖泊沉积物的粒度大小。Zr/Rb比值所揭示的青藏高原中部280万年来经历的3次大的环境演化过程与岩性变化、孢粉指标反映的环境特征是一致的。     

溴素的有机化学──I．2，4，6－三溴苯甲酸溴代和非溴代芳酯的合成

用ｍ－氨基苯甲酸作原料，经溴代、重氮化、还原脱氨、酰氯化和酯化反应等步骤，合成了六种新型的三溴苯甲酸的溴代和非溴代芳酯，即；双（２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸）－２＇，３＇，５＇，６＇－四溴－１＇，４＇－苯二酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－２＇，３＇，４＇，５＇，６＇－五溴苯酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－２＇，４＇，６＇－三溴苯酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－４＇－溴苯酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－４＇－甲基苯酯和２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸苯酯．通过对产物中碳、氢、溴元素的定量分析以及红外吸收光谱和氢核磁共振谱的研究，验证了合成产物的结构。     

深水资料浮标中温度传感器电路的设计

本文对深水资料浮标中温度传感器的电路原理作了介绍。传感器中的感温元件,采用两端单片集成温度传感器AD590;整个测温电路仅用一片高精度4×1/2位A/D转换器7135;为了能方便地检验和标定温度值,在电路上还设计了温度显示部分,并设计了闭显的功能,以达到省电的目的。     

太平洋中部表层沉积物镁铝含量比的变化

本文根据中、日调查资料,研究了太平洋中部表层沉积物镁铝含量比的变化,并探讨其影响因素。     

Biochemical Mechanism of the Eutrophication and Its Prevention—the Deep Treatment of Waste Water and Its Denitrification and Dephosphorization

Biochemical mechanism of forming the red tide is discussed in this paper.The existence of a large number of nitrates and phosphates in the eutrophic water is the prerequisite of explosive increase of algae and the forming of red tide.Reduction of eutrophication is an important approach to preventing the red tide.The method of deep treatment of the waste water and its denitrification and dephosphorization are introduced,and a new opinion on the red tide formation and fundamental prevention is put forward.