采用物理指标评价黏性土承载力的方法研究

利用大连长兴岛葫芦山湾海域勘察资料,对742组黏性土的主要物理指标与承载力fo的对比数据,进行了相关分析。建立了黏性土主要物理指标与承载力fo之间经验关系4个。提出了实际勘察工作中承载力特征值fak的评价方法,为利用物理指标评价黏性土承载力建立了理论基础。     

Experimental research on physical properties of saline soil subgrade filler in Chaerhan region

In order to improve the engineering stability of saline soil of high chloride content in the Chaerhan salt lake region, six typical characteristics saline soil samples were selected, and tests on their...     

囊果碱蓬离子含量及分布特点

为研究真盐生植物矿质营养特征,以北疆荒漠囊果碱蓬群落为对象,通过土壤及植株调查,分析其矿质元素特征。结果显示：（1）囊果碱蓬的生长增加了0~30cm土壤的pH值、水分及盐份含量,并使盐分在土层重新分布。（2）根系相对于土壤,具有优先吸收K⁺、Mg²⁺ 养分离子的特点;叶片相对于根系,具有优先运输Cl^-、Na⁺、SO₄^2- 盐分离子的特点,同一离子在吸收和运输的选择不一致,与其在整株的功能相关。（3）Cl^-、Na⁺、SO₄^2- 积累于叶片,含量远大于K⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺ ,Cl^- 和Na⁺ 可能相伴向上运输,K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺ 在根、茎、叶保持基本不变的比例。（4）囊果碱蓬属于SO₄ -Cl 盐积累植物,而背景土壤为Cl-SO₄ 型盐土。     

旅游规划设计的内涵本质与核心理论研究

随着旅游业在吸纳就业、调整产业结构、带动区域经济发展等诸多方面作用日益凸显,旅游规划市场呈现出蓬勃发展的趋势.然而,从学科来看旅游规划不仅缺乏独有的核心理论和关键技术作为支撑,而且其与其他规划设计在本质上的区别也尚未能予以清晰地界定.为此,在前人研究和多年规划实践基础上,就若干基础性问题进行探讨:一是提出了旅游规划设计的六大本质特征;二是提出了旅游规划设计师的四大看家本领;三是提出了旅游规划设计的“12345”核心理论框架;四是提出了旅游规划设计的综合诊断技术、创造体验技术、综合匹配技术、时空设计技术和综合集成技术五大关键技术方法;五是讨论了旅游规划设计的学科性质和地位.     

中国地级及以上城市GDP含金量时空分异格局

利用ESDA-GIS、空间变异函数、重心迁移与趋势面分析等方法,对2001年和2011年全国343个地级及以上城市GDP含金量的空间分异格局、总体趋势、空间异质性和相关性进行研究。结果表明：中国地级单元GDP含金量空间分异显著,呈现出西部>东部>中部、北方>南方>中部的趋势,具有全局正相关关系。10 a间,GDP含金量的重心向东南方向迁移;黄河以北和长江以南区域的含金量显著减小,而东部沿海和西部沿边地带的含金量显著扩大;GDP含金量的冷点区大幅扩张而热点区大幅收缩。产业结构、居民收入来源、城镇化水平、人力资本存量和初次分配结构是影响GDP含金量的主要因素。     

茂名地区海雾的微物理结构特征

2007年3月16日至4月29日期间,在广东茂名海洋气象科学实验基地对海雾进行了连续观测,共取得51个雾滴谱样本,在此基础上分析了茂名地区海雾的微物理结构特征。观测分析表明:茂名地区海雾的雾滴谱分布符合Junge分布,平均数密度为57.1个/cm3,平均含水量为0.018 3 g/m3,算术平均直径为4.7μm,算术峰值直径为2.9μm。文中还比较了雾和轻雾情况下雾滴谱分布的不同特征,分析了能见度与含水量之间的关系。     

A simplified method for simulation of strong ground motion using finite rupture model of the earthquake source

We present a simplified method to simulate strong ground motion for a realistic representation of a finite earthquake source burried in a layered earth. This method is based on the stochastic simulation method of Boore (Boore, D. M., 1983, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 73, 1865–1894) and the Empirical Greens Function (EFG) method of Irikura (Irikura, K., 1986, Proceedings of the 7th Japan Earthquake symposium, pp. 151–156). The rupture responsible for an earthquake is represented by several subfaults. The geometry of subfaults and their number is decided by the similarity relationships. For simulation of ground motion using the stochastic simulation technique we used the shapping window based on the kinetic source model of the rupture plane. The shaping window deepens on the geometry of the earthquake source and the propagation characteristics of the energy released by various subfaults. The division of large fault into small subfaults and the method for accounting their contribution at the surface is identical to the EGF. The shapping window has been modified to take into account the effect of the transmission of energy released form the finite fault at various boundaries of the layered earth model above the source. In the present method we have applied the correction factor to adjust slip time function of small and large earthquakes. The correction factor is used to simulate strong motion records having basic spectral shape of ² source model in broad frequency range. To test this method we have used the strong motion data of the Geiyo earthquake of 24th March 2001, Japan recorded by KiK network. The source of this earthquake is modelled by a simple rectangular rupture of size 24 × 15 km, burried at a depth of 31 km in a multilayered earth model. This rupture plane is divided into 16 rectangular subfaults of size 6.0 × 3.75 km each. Strong motion records at eight selected near-field stations were simulated and compared with the observed records in terms of the acceleration and velocity records and their response spectrum. The comparison confirms the suitability of proposed rupture model responsible for this earthquake and the efficacy of the approach in predicting the strong motion scenario of earthquakes in the subduction zone. Using the same rupture model of the Geiyo earthquake, we compared the simulated records from our and the EGF techniques at one near-field station. The comparison shows that this technique gives records which matches in a wide frequency range and that too from simple and easily accessible parameters of burried rupture.     

GMOS spectroscopy of the S0 galaxy NGC 3115

We present Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph longslit spectroscopy of the isolated S0 galaxy NGC 3115. We have determined kinematical data and Lick/IDS absorption line-strength indices for the major axis out to around 9 kpc and for the minor axis out to around 5 kpc (around 2R _e ). Using stellar population models which include the effects of variable [α/Fe] ratios, we derive metallicities, abundance ratios and ages for the stellar population of NGC 3115. We find that [α/Fe] remains fairly constant with increasing radius at around  [α/Fe]= 0.17  for the major axis but increases rapidly for the minor axis to around  [α/Fe]= 0.3  . We also find that to first order, this behaviour can be explained by a simple spheroid + disc model, where the spheroid has  [α/Fe]= 0.3  and the disc shows close to solar abundance ratios. The disc also appears considerably younger than the spheroid, having an age of around 6 Gyr compared to 12 Gyr for the spheroid. We compare these results to those previously presented for the globular cluster system of NGC 3115.     

含水率对页岩动态弹性力学性质的影响研究

声波测试是研究岩石动态力学性质的一种重要的无损检测方法。在有机质丰富的页岩中,页岩的力学性质受含水量、岩石层理、总有机碳含量(TOC)和微观结构变化的影响。本研究在声波测试前,首先使用CT扫描技术对鹰滩页岩的每组测试样品进行扫描,对实验样品的完整性进行筛选,利用核磁共振法(NMR)测定样品的含水率。然后利用超声波脉冲传输技术在不同围压下对每组测试岩心进行声波测试。测试后,利用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了样品的矿物组分,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微结构进行了表征。研究结果表明:围压和含水率对纵波(P波)和横波(S波)速度均有显著影响,两种速度都随着围压的增加而增加。含水率的增加会降低横波与纵波的波速,含水率对横波速度比纵波速度的影响更大。含水率降低了杨氏模量和剪切模量,增加了体积模量、拉梅参数和泊松比。分析表明,引起岩石力学性质含水率变化的机制可能是粘土-水相互作用、化学反应和毛细压力变化的综合结果。     

三次拟合计算法测定土壤样品中的硫含量

本方法采用三次拟合计算法处理土壤样品中硫含量的测试结果。试样采用传统的燃烧碘量法进行处理,在结果计算中使用三次拟合法处理测试结果,取得令人满意的效果。本方法的精密度为1.54%5.38%,方法检出限（3S）：0.005%,较好的满足土壤样品中硫的测试要求。