海水磷限制条件下汞对角毛藻的污染效应

本实验选择了实验室最佳磷限制条件,并采用连续及一次培养方式研究了海水在磷限制条件下汞对角毛藻的污染效应。实验结果表明;不论连续培养还是一次培养,低磷营养盐浓度受汞毒害更敏感,延缓期延长,指数生长阶段拖后。测得浮游植物对汞的浓集具有高富集倍数,富集因子达10~5数量级,与围隔生态系中所测浮游植物对汞的浓集因子一致。     

南海鱼类寄生粘孢子虫──Ⅱ．篮子鱼两极虫与尖吻鲈尾孢虫两新种

篮子鱼两极虫，新种Ｍｙｘｉｄｉｕｍｓｉｇａｎｕｍｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．寄生于篮子鱼Ｓｉｇａｎｕｓｓｐ．胆囊。孢子缝面观菱形，正面观椭圆形。孢子表面具有６条条纹。孢子长１１．４μｍ，宽６．９μｍ；极囊直径３．３μｍ；囊间距２．８μｍ。尖吻鲈尾孢虫，新种Ｈｅｎｎｅｇｕｙａｌａｔｅｓａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ寄生于尖吻鲈Ｌａｔｅｓｃａｌｃａｒｉｊｅｒ鳃部。孢子呈倒梨形。孢子长８．９μｍ，宽５．７μｍ，厚４．９μｍ；极囊长２．８μｍ，宽１．８μｍ；尾长１６．０μｍ。     

Acclimations of macroalgae as reflected in photosynthetic parameters derived from PAM fluorometry, and possible implications for abundance patterns

The presences of the common macroalgae Ulva sp. and Jania rubens vary between seasons along the Israeli Mediterranean intertidal zone. To reveal some of the potential acclimation mechanisms of these algae, we examined their photosynthetic traits during the year using rapid light curves (RLC) derived from pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. In addition, the relationships between those photosynthetic traits and the relative abundances of the two algae were investigated. Ulva sp. showed high maximal electron transport rates (ETR_max) (49.7–68.8 μmol electrons m⁻² s⁻¹) and onsets of light saturation values (E_k) (75.8–85.6 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹) in the winter months of December–February, while low values were found in the summer months of June–July (5.2–20.6 μmol electrons m⁻² s⁻¹ and 6.0–23.7 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹, respectively). At noon time (during the highest irradiance of the day), the maximal effective quantum yield (Y₀) did not vary significantly during the year. These results indicate that seasonal irradiance influences the number of reaction centres per thallus area. Both algae showed depressions in Y₀ at noon (23.8% for Ulva sp. and 20.3% for Jania rubens), indicating an efficient non‐photochemical quenching mechanism. A positive correlation between the relative abundance and the photosynthetic parameter Y₀ was found for Jania rubens when Y₀ was sampled in the morning or noon, indicating that growth rate and primary production for this alga can be estimated from RLCs. No such correlation was found for Ulva sp., indicating that, in addition to photosynthetic traits, the relative seasonal abundance of this alga is influenced by other factors such as grazing and/or catastrophic events.     

11种天然药物对弧菌的体外抑制效果的观察

于１９９１年３－４月应用纸片法定量测定了海洋及陆地来源的１１种天然药物提取物地中国对虾的主要致病菌－弧菌的体外抑制效果，结果表明，对弧菌高度敏感的药物有５种，中度敏感的药物有３种，不敏感药物有３种，并且５种高度敏感药物的抑菌效果均优于绝大多数抗菌素。为在对虾养殖中选择高效，低毒的天然抗菌药物提供科学依据。     

有机锡对海洋微藻的生理效应

于１９９１年４月－１９９２年１月，分别用不同浓度的三苯基氯化锡和三丁基氯化锡培养扁藻和金藻，测定２４，４８和７２ｈ两种藻的净光合速率和生长速率。结果表明，ＴＢＴＣ对两种藻的毒性大于ＴＰＴＣ；ＴＰＴＣ和ＴＢＴＣ在浓度为０．２μｇ／Ｌ时，对两种藻的光合作用有轻微影响；浓度大于０．４μｇ／Ｌ，两种藻的光合作用不同程序地受到抑制。扁藻对有机锡的耐受力大于金藻：扁藻用两种锡处理后，第一天受害最严重，第二天和     

A New Species of Amsassia from the Ordovician of Korea and South China: Paleobiological and Paleogeographical Significance

A new species of the probable calcareous alga Amsassia, A. koreanensis, is recognized from the Duwibong Formation (Middle Ordovician, Darriwilian) of the Taebaeksan Basin in mid-eastern Korea. This is the first report of the genus from the Korean Peninsula, expanding its geographical range to the eastern Sino-Korean Block. The new species also occurs in the Xiazhen Formation (Upper Ordovician, Katian) at Zhuzhai in the South China Block. Amsassia koreanensis is the smallest species of this modular genus, having a maximum module diameter of 0.28 mm. Module increase is by bipartite, tripartite and quadripartite types of longitudinal axial fission, but unlike other species of the genus, quadripartite fission is common. The types of fission are comparable to those in some Tetradiida (now Prismostylales, florideophycean rhodophyte algae), although the processes of fission are different. The distribution of A. koreanensis further strengthens the biogeographical connection between the Sino-Korean and South China blocks, suggesting that these two paleocontinents were located closer together during the Middle to Late Ordovician than previously speculated.     

A new compsocid booklouse from the Cretaceous amber of Myanmar (Psocodea: Troctomorpha: Amphientometae: Compsocidae)

Paraelectrentomopsis chenyangcaii gen. et sp. nov. from the Cretaceous Burmese amber is characterized, described, illustrated and its position is discussed. This fossil taxon is the second compsocid barklouce to be described from the Burmese amber and constitute one of the earliest records of the family. A checklist of known Compsocidae is given. Identification keys of all known Compsocidae are provided. A palaeobiogeography scenario is proposed.     

岩溶泉流量衰减曲线分析

由于岩溶含水介质的强烈非均质性和各向异性,如何有效认识岩溶含水层内部的水文地质特征为研究难点之一,岩溶泉衰减曲线分析为认识岩溶含水层的一种有效手段。总结了目前广泛用于泉流量衰减曲线分析的几种常见方法,主要包括指数型衰减、非指数型衰减分析方法以及综合型的衰减曲线分析方法,讨论了管道可能对泉流量衰减曲线的影响,最后提出了今后对岩溶泉流量衰减曲线分析拟解决的一些关键问题。     

海洋来源荧光性假单胞菌高产脓菌素培养基及发酵条件优化

对4种假单胞菌产脓菌素培养基进行筛选,确定琥珀酸钠培养基为基础培养基,并考察了添加不同物质对假单胞菌脓菌素产量的影响,结果表明,向琥珀酸钠培养基中添加甘油、海盐、硝酸铵时对铁载体产量有明显的促进作用.采用正交实验法获得了高产脓菌素的最佳发酵培养基配方:4g/dm~3琥珀酸钠,6 g/dm~3K2HPO4,3 g/dm~3KH2PO4,1 g/dm~3(NH4)2SO4,1 g/dm~3NH4NO3,5 g/dm~3海盐,1.5%甘油.其脓菌素产量最高可达到265 mg/dm~3,约是基础培养基产量的7倍以上,此培养基成分简单不含复杂的有机氮源,脓菌素产量高,有利于脓菌素的进一步分离纯化与制备.同时本实验对其发酵条件进行优化研究,结果确定最佳发酵条件:培养基起始p H值为6.9,接种量1.0%,培养温度为25℃,转速为220 r/min,发酵时间为28 h.