潮滩生态系统中生源要素氮的生物地球化学过程研究综述

海岸带潮滩生源要素生物地球化学循环过程是国际地圈生物圈计划（IGBP）、海岸带陆海交互作用（LOICZ）研究的重要内容,也是全球变化区域响应研究中的重要组成部分。在过去的10～20年之间,潮滩生源要素氮的生物地球化学循环研究得到了长足的发展。基于此,较为全面、系统地总结和分析了有关潮滩氮营养盐的来源、潮滩氮素的物理、化学和生物迁移转化过程及氮素地球化学循环过程中底栖生物效应等一系列研究成果,并提出了今后潮滩生源要素氮的生物地球化学循环研究重点和发展趋向。     

南大洋碘分布的生物制约性

讨论了中国第六次南大洋考察4条断面1个海湾计30个剖面海水中碘的赋存形式及化学形态的生物地球化学分布。结果表明，表层海水总无机碘含量分有值在0．267－0．443μmol／dm3之间；海水无机碘及碘酸根含量的垂直分布与营养盐关系密切，溶解有机碘分布则较稳定，其含量约为总无机碘的10％。真光层内浮游植物对碘的吸收同化速率为0．17μmol／（m2·d），悬浮有机颗粒中碘的结合量约为4．3μmol／m3，真光层内颗粒碘的下沉速率大于7．2d／m。根据讨论结果提出了测区真光层内碘循环的生物地球化学模式。     

尖刺拟菱形藻氮磷吸收动力学以及氮磷限制下的增殖特征

于１９９１年１１月有胶州湾采集尖刺拟菱形藻，以毛细管法分离纯化，建立克隆藻株，以此为实验材料，研究其在营养盐饥饿状态下对ＮＯ３－Ｎ，ＮＨ４－Ｎ和ＰＯ４－Ｐ的吸收动力学及在营养盐限制下的增殖特征。     

Seasonal Variations in Inorganic Nutrient Budgets of the Bangpakong Estuary, Thailand

Seasonal variations in freshwater, salt, dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the Bangpakong estuary, Thailand were investigated by employing the database obtained in the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT)-Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) cooperative project from 1994 to 1997. The results showed that variation in interaction between coastal sea and river discharge played an important role in controlling the characteristics of the water in the estuary. Residence time of fresh water was short in wet season and dry season, but it was long in the transition period from season to season. DIP and DIN load depended on river discharge, while high peak concentrations were related to loading and the long residence time in the transition period between dry and wet seasons. A strong eutrophic condition could possibly occur when the concentration of DIP and DIN were high during the onset of the wet season from April to July. The annual average of inorganic nutrient budgets indicated that the Bangpakong estuary is the internal source of 38.2 tons/month DIP and the internal sink of 4.9 tons/month DIN. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

福建九龙江口秋茄红树林鹧鸪菜几种营养元素含量的季节变化

研究了福建九龙江口秋茄(Kandelia candel)红树林潮间带的红藻鹧鸪菜(Caloglossa leprieurii)的氮、磷、钾、钠、钙与镁6种营养元素含量的季节变化。氮、磷、钾与钠均以春季含量最高；钙与镁分别以秋季和冬季最高。氮与磷含量冬季最低，钾含量秋季最低；钠、钙、镁均以夏季含量最低，6种元素含量的季节变化模式不一致。营养元素含量的季节变化表明鹧鸪菜春季富集的营养物质较多，与春季有较高的生物量一致。营养元素含量的季节变化反映了鹧鸪菜的生长与环境因子的季节变化。鸥鸪菜的氮、磷含量高于土壤含量。并明显高于水体氮、磷含量，说明鹧鸪菜能强烈富集环境中的氮、磷，因此鸥鸪菜类的大型藻类的存在可能是红树林区赤潮极少发生的原因之一。     

Evaluation of spatial correlation between nutrient exchange rates and benthic biota in a reef-flat ecosystem by GIS-assisted flow-tracking

A Geographic Information System (GIS)-aided flow-tracking technique was adopted to investigate nutrient exchange rates between specific benthic communities and overlying seawater in a fringing reef of Ishigaki Island, subtropical Northwestern Pacific. Net exchange rates of NO₃ ⁻, NO₂ ⁻, NH₄ ⁺, PO₄ ³⁻, Total-N and Total-P were estimated from concentration changes along the drogue trajectories, each of which was tracked by the Global Positioning System and plotted on a benthic map to determine the types of benthic habitat over which the drogue had passed. The observed nutrient exchange rates were compared between 5 typical benthic zones (branched-coral (B) and Heliopora communities (H), seaweed-reefrock zone (W), bare sand area (S), and seagrass meadow (G)). The dependence of nutrient exchange rates on nutrient concentrations, physical conditions and benthic characteristics was analyzed by multiple regression analysis with the aid of GIS. The spatial correlation between nutrient exchange rates and benthic characteristics was confirmed, especially for NO₃ ⁻ and PO₄ ³⁻, which were usually absorbed in hydrographically upstream zones B and W and regenerated in downstream zones H and G. NO₃ ⁻ uptake in zones B and W was concentration-dependent, and the uptake rate coefficient was estimated to be 0.58 and 0.67 m h⁻¹, respectively. Both nutrient uptake in zone W and regeneration in zone H were enhanced in summer. The net regeneration ratio of NO₃ ⁻/PO₄ ³⁻ in zone H in summer ranged 5.2 to 34 (mean, 17.4), which was somewhat higher than previously measured NO₃ ⁻/PO₄ ³⁻ for sediment pore waters around this zone (1.1–8.5). Nutrient exchanges in zone S were relatively small, indicating semi-closed nutrient cycling at the sediment-water interface of this zone. NH₄ ⁺ efflux from sediments was suggested in zone G. The data suggest that the spatial pattern of nutrient dynamics over the reef flat community was constrained by zonation of benthic biota, and that abiotic factors such as nutrient concentrations and flow rates, influenced nutrient exchange rates only in absorption-dominated communities such as zones B and W.     

黑鲷的营养需要及配合饲料研究

本文论述了黑鲷饲料中最适蛋白质含量及动，植物蛋白比例的有关研究，黑鲷对于饲料中磷的需要量及钙磷化，黑鲷饲料中必需氨基酸添加的必要性，在此基础上，制成黑鲷配合饲料并与冰冻玉筋鱼进行了比较养殖试验，取得较好的结果。     

几种藻类对氮、磷的同化率与其营养成分的关系

测定了６种单细胞藻对氮，磷的同化率，光合作用速率和各藻的蛋白，氨基酸等营养成分。结果：（１）各藻的氨基酸含量与藻类对氮，磷的同化率呈线性相关；（２）藻的光合作用速率和光合作用指数分别与被藻同化的氨氮和Ｎ／Ｐ比值呈显著的相关关系。