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D. S. Cohan G. A. Sturrock A. P. Biazar P. J. Fraser 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2003,44(2):131-150
Atmospheric mixing ratios of methyl iodide (CH3I) and other methyl halides have been measured at Cape Grim, Tasmania (41°S, 145°E), since early 1998 as part of the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE). This paper analyses about 1700 ambient air CH3I measurements from the 14-month period (March 1998–April 1999). Mixing ratios peaked during the summer, despite faster photolytic loss, suggesting local oceanic emissions were about 2.2–3.6 times stronger in summer than in winter. Back trajectories show that CH3I levels are strongly dependent on air mass origin, with highest mixing ratios in air from the Tasman Sea/Bass Strait region and lowest levels in air originating from the Southern Ocean at higher latitudes. CH3I mixing ratios were not well correlated with other methyl halides in unpolluted marine air. The large variations with season and air mass origin suggest that high frequency, continuous data from key locations will make a significant contribution to the understanding of sources and sinks of this important short-lived atmospheric species. 相似文献
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本文用1959~1994年6、7、8月全国范围47个5°×5°经纬度网格降水资料分析了夏季降水异常空间模的月际差异,并在此基础上用西太平洋副高指数及青藏高原指数#FKB#FS分析降水异常空间模与环流的关系,为检验环流指数与降水相关场的整体信度,还对8月份降水资料进行了Monte-Carlo检验。结果表明,夏季总降水异常的空间模在每一月份中并非表现得同样清楚,江淮流域与河套及华南的反相关在8月份表现得最清楚。而青藏高原中东部南北两侧的负相关在6月及8月很清楚,7月份次之。8月份西太平洋副高北界异常对江淮流域与河套及华南地区降水异常反相关的产生有很大作用。副高稳定偏北时,河套、华南易涝,江淮易旱。反之亦然。青藏高原指数#FKB#FS与逐月降水的相关分析表明,青藏高原上高压及低涡活动对高原中东部南北两侧负相关的产生有一定作用。当高压活动偏多时,北侧易旱、南侧易涝。并且6月及8月的作用较大,7月较小。另外,8月份副高活动对这一降水异常空间模的产生也有一定影响。 相似文献
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Stratigraphy of the upper cretaceous and lower tertiary strata in the Tethyan Himalayas of Tibet (Tingri area,China) 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
H. Willems Z. Zhou B. Zhang K. -U. Gräfe 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(4):723-754
The 1500-m-thick marine strata of the Tethys Himalaya of the Zhepure Mountain (Tingri, Tibet) comprise the Upper Albian to Eocene and represent the sedimentary development of the passive northern continental margin of the Indian plate. Investigations of foraminifera have led to a detailed biozonation which is compared with the west Tethyan record. Five stratigraphic units can be distinguished: The Gamba group (Upper Albian - Lower Santonian) represents the development from a basin and slope to an outer-shelf environment. In the following Zhepure Shanbei formation (Lower Santonian - Middle Maastrichtian), outer-shelf deposits continue. Pebbles in the top layers point to beginning redeposition on a continental slope. Intensified redeposition continues within the Zhepure Shanpo formation (Middle Maastrichtian - Lower Paleocene). The series is capped by sandstones of the Jidula formation (Danian) deposited from a seaward prograding delta plain. The overall succession of these units represents a sea-level high at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary followed, from the Turonian to Danian, by an overall shallowing-upward megasequence. This is followed by a final transgression — regression cycle during the Paleocene and Eocene, documented in the Zhepure Shan formation (?Upper Danian - Lutetian) and by Upper Eocene continental deposits. The section represents the narrowing and closure of the Tethys as a result of the convergence between northward-drifting India and Eurasia. The plate collision started in the Lower Maastrichtian and caused rapid changes in sedimentation patterns affected by tectonic subsidence and uplift. Stronger subsidence and deposition took place from the Middle Maastrichtian to the Lower Paleocene. The final closure of remnant Tethys in the Tingri area took place in the Lutetian. 相似文献
118.
The circulation of cold, deep water is one of the controlling factors of the Earth's climate. Forty percent of this water
enters the world ocean through the Southwest Pacific as a deep western boundary current (DWBC) flowing northwards at bathyal
to abyssal depths, east of the New Zealand microcontinent. South of latitude 50°S, the DWBC is intimately linked with the
Antarctic circumpolar current (ACC), which is the prominent force for the shallow-water circulation. The Pacific DWBC is presently
the largest single contributor of deep ocean water, and deciphering its evolution is of fundamental importance to understanding
ocean and climate history, and global ocean hydrography. The evolution of the DWBC system, and of related circum-Antarctic
currents, has taken place since 30–25 Ma when plate movements created the first oceanic gaps south of Australia and South
America. The stratigraphic record preserved in sediment drifts of the Southwest Pacific, in eastern New Zealand, is the best
available for deciphering the Neogene history of Southern Ocean water masses, and of the circulation of the ACC, DWBC and
their precursor systems. Major current activity commenced on the New Zealand margin in the late Eocene or early Oligocene
(Hoiho Drift; early ACC) and was widespread by the mid-late Oligocene (Marshall Paraconformity and Weka Pass Limestone drift;
ACC). During the Neogene the eastern South Island continental shelf built seawards by accretion at its outer edge of large
Miocene current drifts up to tens of kilometres long and hundreds of metres thick (Canterbury drifts). Also commencing in
the mid-Cenozoic, but in depths >2000 m, the DWBC emplaced large deep-water sediment drifts. Rates of drift deposition accelerated
considerably in the late Neogene, when climatic change (and particularly glacial sea-level falls) caused the delivery of large
volumes of turbiditic sediment into the path of the DWBC via the Bounty and Hikurangi channels.
Received: 9 August 1995 / Accepted: 15 January 1996 相似文献
119.
远洋沉积物是多金属结核赖以生长的场所,本文系统地研究了沉积物中主要成矿元素水成组分在不同地球化学场和不同沉积阶段的地球化学特征,以及水成组分的含量比与成矿作用的相互关系。研究表明,Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu都是一些比较活泼的元素,它们共处于多金属结核、沉积物和大洋水的统一体系中,当结核形成时,Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu在结核与沉积物中的含量呈负相关,而Co含量呈正相关。研究区东部结核以富含Mn、Ni、Cu贫Fe、Co为特征,其伴生沉积物相对贫Mn、Ni、Cu、Co,而富Fe,可称之为贫化的地球化学场。研究区西部结核富含Fe、Co而贫Mn、Ni、Cu,其伴生沉积物则相应贫Fe,而富Mn、Ni、Cu、和Co,可称之为富化的地球化学场。可以看出,贫化的沉积物地球化学场,恰恰是寻找富矿结核的最佳场所。早中新世以来的沉积物,根据水成组分的含量或含量比,也可相应于结核的形成分为三大沉积阶段,其中的第Ⅱ阶段具有贫化的地球化学特征,是多金属结核形成的最有利时期 相似文献
120.
赣西北地区修水县联测图组1:5万区调主要进展与体会 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文重点总结赣西北地区修水县联测图1∶5万区调取得的主要进展与区调方法上的创新。其中,在中元古界双桥山群浅变质岩系中所识别、填绘出的近东西向紧闭同斜倒转褶皱,叠加近南北向开阔圆滑褶皱,在中小型陆相红盆中探索出的运用数理统计与沉积学研究相结合确定冲积扇体,并用扇体与岩性段双重方法予以图面表达以及第四纪研究成果等取得的重要进展。此外,就有关提高区调质量等问题浅谈其体会。 相似文献